Susceptibility of Candida species isolated from recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis to antifungal agents among women at Institut Pasteur of Cte dIvoire

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is regarded as a prevalent vaginal infection and mainly results from Candida albicans. Nevertheless, there has recently been a prominent shift in candidiasis etiology regarding non-albicans Candida (NAC) species with achieving importance. For women with more than three episodes annually are described as recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). Objectives: To isolate, speciate, and determine the value of antifungal sensitivity pattern of candida species isolated from patients developed (RVVC). Methodology: High vaginal swabs (HVS) were taken from patients with RVVC and cultured on ordinary mycological media. Any significant candida growth was identified and speciated by VITEK 2 system. Their antifungal sensitivity was done by disc diffusion approach governed by CLSI guidelines. Results: A total of 110 Candida species from 250 high vaginal swabs were isolated. Among all candida species isolated from patients with RVCC, C.albicanis accounts for 44% while NAC accounts for 56% with C.glabrata most common species isolated. Voriconazole, amphotericin B, and nystatin showed high sensitivity rates (92 %, 89%, and 84% respectively) on all candida species (C.albicans and NAC) isolated from patients with RVVC. Conclusion: In RVCC there is increase in NAC (56%) with C.glabrata most common species isolated. Voriconazole, Nystatin, and amphotericin B have the best antifungal activity against all spp.

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Relationship between clinical diagnosis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and detection of Candida species by culture and polymerase chain reaction

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.1007/s00404-008-0681-9 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 279 (2) ◽

pp. 125-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

T. Weissenbacher ◽

S. S. Witkin ◽

W. J. Ledger ◽

V. Tolbert ◽

A. Gingelmaier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Clinical Diagnosis ◽

Candida Species ◽

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽

Polymerase Chain

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Rapid Identification of Drug Resistant Candida Species Causing Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

Medical Mycology Journal ◽

10.3314/mmj.53.193 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 193-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Kambiz Diba ◽

Atefeh Namaki ◽

Haleh Ayatolahi ◽

Haleh Hanifian

Keyword(s):

Candida Species ◽

Rapid Identification ◽

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

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Vulvovaginal candidiasis in female sex workers

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1258/0956462981922764 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 526-530 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

L Otero ◽

V Palacio ◽

F Carreno ◽

F J Mendez ◽

F Vazquez

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Candida Species ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽

Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽

Female Sex ◽

Related Risk ◽

A Prospective Study

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a frequent inflammatory process in women but it has not been widely studied in female sex workers FSWs . To estimate the frequency of Candida species infection in FSWs and to identify related risk factors and clinical findings, we carried out a retrospective study of 1923 FSWs over 11 years. We also performed a prospective study of 163 consecutive FSWs with a history of candidiasis during a 4 year period. Candida species were isolated in 1967 samples 18.5 of the total . Candida albicans 89.3 was the most frequent species, followed by Candida glabrata 2.7 , Candida parapsilosis 1.2 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae 0.4 . In the prospective study of 163 patients, we found vaginal discharge in 76.1 of cases, soreness in 52.1 and vulval pruritus in 32.5 . We identified 12 patients 7.4 with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. No statistical difference was found between recurrent vulvovaginitis and the use of oral contraceptives, oral sex, tight fitting clothing and synthetic underwear. FSWs have the same prevalence of candidiasis as other groups of women described in published literature. The proportion of albicans and non albicans species does not differ between women with recurrent and non recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis VVC .

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Treating (Recurrent) Vulvovaginal Candidiasis with Medical-Grade Honey—Concepts and Practical Considerations

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof7080664 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 664

Author(s):

Senna J. J. M. van Riel ◽

Celine M. J. G. Lardenoije ◽

Guy J. Oudhuis ◽

Niels A. J. Cremers

Keyword(s):

Candida Species ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Immunomodulatory Activity ◽

Current Standard ◽

Vaginal Infections ◽

Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽

Medical Grade

Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is a relapsing vaginal fungal infection caused by Candida species. The prevalence varies among age populations and can be as high as 9%. Treatment options are limited, and in 57% of the cases, relapses occur within six months after fluconazole maintenance therapy, which is the current standard of care. The pathogenesis of RVVC is multifactorial, and recent studies have demonstrated that the vaginal microenvironment and activity of the immune system have a strong influence on the disease. Medical-grade honey (MGH) has protective, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory activity and forms a putative alternative treatment. Clinical trials have demonstrated that honey can benefit the treatment of bacterial and Candida-mediated vaginal infections. We postulate that MGH will actively fight ongoing infections; eradicate biofilms; and modulate the vaginal microenvironment by its anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and immunomodulatory properties, and subsequently may decrease the number of relapses when compared to fluconazole. The MGH formulation L-Mesitran Soft has stronger antimicrobial activity against various Candida species than its raw honey. In advance of a planned randomized controlled clinical trial, we present the setup of a study comparing L-Mesitran Soft with fluconazole and its practical considerations.

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Species distribution and susceptibility profiles of Candida species isolated from vulvovaginal candidiasis, emergence of C. lusitaniae

Current Medical Mycology ◽

10.18502/cmm.5.4.2062 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Seyed Ebrahim Hashemi ◽

Tahereh Shokohi ◽

Mahdi Abastabar ◽

Narges Aslani ◽

Mahbobeh Ghadamzadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Candida Species ◽

Antifungal Agents ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Common Species ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽

Epidemiological Surveillance ◽

Drug Pressure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Overall Resistance

Background and Purpose: The aim of the current study was to investigate the epidemiology of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and recurrent VVC (RVVC), as well as the antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida species isolates.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 260 women suspected of VVC from February 2017 to January 2018. In order to identify Candida species isolated from the genital tracts, the isolates were subjected to polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using enzymes Msp I and sequencing. Moreover, antifungal susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines (M27-A3).Results: Out of 250 subjects, 75 (28.8%) patients were affected by VVC, out of whom 15 (20%) cases had RVVC. Among the Candida species, C. albicans was the most common species (42/95; 44.21%), followed by C. lusitaniae (18/95; 18.95%), C. parapsilosis (13/95; 13.69%), C. glabrata (8/95; 8.42%), C. kefyr (6/95; 6.31%), C. famata (5/95; 5.26%), C. africana (2/95; 2.11%), and C. orthopsilosis (1/95; 1.05%), respectively. Multiple Candida species were observed in 28% (21/75) of the patients. Nystatin showed the narrowest range of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (0.25-16 μg/ml) against all Candida strains, whereas fluconazole (0.063-64 μg/ml) demonstrated the widest MIC range. In the current study, C. lusitaniae, as the second most common causative agent of VVC, was susceptible to all antifungal agents. Furthermore, 61.1% of C. lusitaniae isolates were inhibited at a concentration of ≤ 2 μg/ml, while38.9% (n=7)of them exhibited fluconazole MICs above the epidemiologic cutoff values (ECV). Candida species showed the highest overall resistance against fluconazole (61.3%), followed by itraconazole (45.2%) and caspofungin (23.7%). All of C. albicans strains were resistant to itraconazole with a MIC value of ≥ 1 μg/ml; in addition, 87.5% of them were resistant to fluconazole. Moreover, 100% and 87.5% of C. glabrata strains were resistant to caspofungin and fluconazole, respectively.Conclusion: As the findings revealed, the majority of VVC cases were caused by non-albicans Candida species which were often more resistant to antifungal agents. Candida lusitaniae generally had fluconazole MICs above the ECV. Given the propensity of C. lusitaniae to develop resistance under drug pressure, antifungals should be administered with caution. The emergence of these species justify the epidemiological surveillance surveys to watch out the distribution of yeast species.

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