scholarly journals La emigración irlandesa decimonónica tras la gran hambruna, parte intrínseca del carácter irlandés

2020 ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Ester Díaz Morillo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
North American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
The North ◽  
Great Famine ◽  
Irish People

Resumen: A lo largo de la historia han tenido lugar episodios de grandes crisis que transformarían irremediablemente la vida de millones de personas. Uno de estos acontecimientos fue la gran hambruna producida en Irlanda entre 1845 y 1851, uno de los eventos más trágicos de nuestra historia contemporánea que dejaría profundas huellas en su población. Uno de sus efectos más graves fue la oleada migratoria sin precedentes que llevó a numerosos irlandeses especialmente hasta las costas norteamericanas. Este artículo pretende, por tanto, estudiar la migración irlandesa producida por la gran hambruna y las características especiales que mostró y que la hizo distinguirse del resto de olas migratorias europeas decimonónicas. La «nueva Irlanda» que se conformaría en lugares como Estados Unidos nunca perdería su vínculo con la isla y dejaría un legado imborrable en ciudades como Nueva York y Chicago.Abstract: Throughout history there have been episodes of major crisis which would inexorably transform the lives of millions. One of such events was the Great Famine that took place in Ireland between 1845 and 1851, which was one of the most tragic events in our contemporary history and which would leave important marks on its population. The great unprecedented migration wave which led countless Irish people, especially towards the North American coasts, was one of its gravest effects. The aim of this article, therefore, is to explore the Irish migration induced by this Great Famine and the special characteristics that it showed and that made it distinguishable from the rest of the migration waves from nineteenth-century Europe. The “new Ireland” which developed in places such as the United States would never lose its bond with the island and would leave an indelible legacy in cities like New York and Chicago.

Restorationists and New Movements

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Grass
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
Civil War ◽  
New England ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
British North America ◽  
The North

Presbyterians and Congregationalists arrived in colonial America as Dissenters; however, they soon exercised a religious and cultural dominance that extended well into the first half of the nineteenth century. The multi-faceted Second Great Awakening led within the Reformed camp by the Presbyterian James McGready in Kentucky, a host of New Divinity ministers in New England, and Congregationalist Charles Finney in New York energized Christians to improve society (Congregational and Presbyterian women were crucial to the three most important reform movements of the nineteenth century—antislavery, temperance, and missions) and extend the evangelical message around the world. Although outnumbered by other Protestant denominations by mid-century, Presbyterians and Congregationalists nevertheless expanded geographically, increased in absolute numbers, spread the Gospel at home and abroad, created enduring institutions, and continued to dominate formal religious thought. The overall trajectory of nineteenth-century Presbyterianism and Congregationalism in the United States is one that tracks from convergence to divergence, from cooperative endeavours and mutual interests in the first half the nineteenth century to an increasingly self-conscious denominational awareness that became firmly established in both denominations by the 1850s. With regional distribution of Congregationalists in the North and Presbyterians in the mid-Atlantic region and South, the Civil War intensified their differences (and also divided Presbyterians into antislavery northern and pro-slavery southern parties). By the post-Civil War period these denominations had for the most part gone their separate ways. However, apart from the southern Presbyterians, who remained consciously committed to conservatism, they faced a similar host of social and intellectual challenges, including higher criticism of the Bible and Darwinian evolutionary theory, to which they responded in varying ways. In general, Presbyterians maintained a conservative theological posture whereas Congregationalists accommodated to the challenges of modernity. At the turn of the century Congregationalists and Presbyterians continued to influence sectors of American life but their days of cultural hegemony were long past. In contrast to the nineteenth-century history of Presbyterian and Congregational churches in the United States, the Canadian story witnessed divergence evolving towards convergence and self-conscious denominationalism to ecclesiastical cooperation. During the very years when American Presbyterians were fragmenting over first theology, then slavery, and finally sectional conflict, political leaders in all regions of Canada entered negotiations aimed at establishing the Dominion of Canada, which were finalized in 1867. The new Dominion enjoyed the strong support of leading Canadian Presbyterians who saw in political confederation a model for uniting the many Presbyterian churches that Scotland’s fractious history had bequeathed to British North America. In 1875, the four largest Presbyterian denominations joined together as the Presbyterian Church in Canada. The unifying and mediating instincts of nineteenth-century Canadian Presbyterianism contributed to forces that in 1925 led two-thirds of Canadian Presbyterians (and almost 90 per cent of their ministers) into the United Church, Canada’s grand experiment in institutional ecumenism. By the end of the nineteenth century, Congregationalism had only a slight presence, whereas Presbyterians, by contrast, became increasingly more important until they stood at the centre of Canada’s Protestant history.

Mafias on the Move

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Varese
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
The United States ◽  
The West ◽  
Market Expansion ◽  
The North ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
At Will

Organized crime is spreading like a global virus as mobs take advantage of open borders to establish local franchises at will. That at least is the fear, inspired by stories of Russian mobsters in New York, Chinese triads in London, and Italian mafias throughout the West. As this book explains, the truth is more complicated. The author has spent years researching mafia groups in Italy, Russia, the United States, and China, and argues that mafiosi often find themselves abroad against their will, rather than through a strategic plan to colonize new territories. Once there, they do not always succeed in establishing themselves. The book spells out the conditions that lead to their long-term success, namely sudden market expansion that is neither exploited by local rivals nor blocked by authorities. Ultimately the inability of the state to govern economic transformations gives mafias their opportunity. In a series of matched comparisons, the book charts the attempts of the Calabrese 'Ndrangheta to move to the north of Italy, and shows how the Sicilian mafia expanded to early twentieth-century New York, but failed around the same time to find a niche in Argentina. The book explains why the Russian mafia failed to penetrate Rome but succeeded in Hungary. A pioneering chapter on China examines the challenges that triads from Taiwan and Hong Kong find in branching out to the mainland. This book is both a compelling read and a sober assessment of the risks posed by globalization and immigration for the spread of mafias.

scholarly journals “The Future of Archaeology Is Antiracist”: Archaeology in the Time of Black Lives Matter

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Ayana Omilade Flewellen ◽  
Justin P. Dunnavant ◽  
Alicia Odewale ◽  
Alexandra Jones ◽  
Tsione Wolde-Michael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
The North ◽  
Road Map ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future

This forum builds on the discussion stimulated during an online salon in which the authors participated on June 25, 2020, entitled “Archaeology in the Time of Black Lives Matter,” and which was cosponsored by the Society of Black Archaeologists (SBA), the North American Theoretical Archaeology Group (TAG), and the Columbia Center for Archaeology. The online salon reflected on the social unrest that gripped the United States in the spring of 2020, gauged the history and conditions leading up to it, and considered its rippling throughout the disciplines of archaeology and heritage preservation. Within the forum, the authors go beyond reporting the generative conversation that took place in June by presenting a road map for an antiracist archaeology in which antiblackness is dismantled.

Notice of transfer of figured specimens of North American Devonian cyclocystoids

1993 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-151
Author(s):  
R. William Orr ◽  
Richard H. Fluegeman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
North American ◽  
The United States ◽  
State University ◽  
Ball State University ◽  
Geological Museum ◽  
University College ◽  
University Of Cincinnati ◽  
The University

In 1990 (Fluegeman and Orr) the writers published a short study on known North American cyclocystoids. This enigmatic group is best represented in the United States Devonian by only two specimens, both illustrated in the 1990 report. Previously, the Cortland, New York, specimen initially described by Heaslip (1969) was housed at State University College at Cortland, New York, and the Logansport, Indiana, specimen was housed at Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana. Both institutions recognize the importance of permanently placing these rare specimens in a proper paleontologic repository with other cyclocystoids. Therefore, these two specimens have been transferred to the curated paleontologic collection at the University of Cincinnati Geological Museum where they can be readily studied by future workers in association with a good assemblage of Ordovician specimens of the Cyclocystoidea.

A SYNOPSIS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF SYNDIPNUS (HYMEN., ICHNEUMONIDAE)

1940 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stuart Walley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North American ◽  
The United States ◽  
North American Species ◽  
National Museum ◽  
United States National Museum ◽  
The North

As noted below the two North American species described in Syndipnus by workers appear to belong in other genrra. In Europe the gunus is represented by nearly a score of species and has been reviewed in recent years by two writers (1, 2). North American collections contain very few representatives of the genus; after combining the material in the National Collection with that from the United States National Museum, the latter kindly loaned to me by Mr. R. A. Cushman, only thirty-seven specimens are available for study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document