Using Learning Trajectories to Enhance Formative Assessment

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 368-372
Author(s):  
Caroline B. Ebby ◽  
Marjorie Petit
Keyword(s):  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Classroom Practice ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Thinking ◽  
Learning Trajectories ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Interpretive Process ◽  
Improve Student Learning ◽  
Enhance Student Learning

Numerous research studies have shown that formative assessment is a classroom practice that when carried out effectively can improve student learning (Black and Wiliam 1998). Formative assessment is not just giving tests and quizzes more frequently. When assessment is truly formative, the evidence that is generated is interpreted by the teacher and the student and then used to make adjustments in the teaching and learning process. In other words, the formative assessment generates feedback, and that feedback is used to enhance student learning. Formative assessment is therefore fundamentally an interpretive process: It is less about the structure, format, or timing of the assessment and more about the function and use by both the teacher and student (Wiliam 2011). For teachers of mathematics, the heart of this process is making sense of and understanding student thinking in relation to content goals.

scholarly journals Kajian Hypothetical Learning Trajectories dalam Pembelajaran Matematika di Tingkat SMP

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Agnes Ivana Hendrik ◽  
Christine K Ekowati ◽  
Damianus D Samo
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Student Thinking ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Learning Trajectory ◽  
Learning Trajectories ◽  
Hypothetical Learning Trajectory ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Learning Flow ◽  
Improve Student Learning

Mathematics learning in this era requires teachers to be able to develop learning models that pay attention to the characteristics of students, so it is important for teachers to know learning trajectory. This study aims to describe the conception of learning trajectory and hypothetical learning trajectory, as well as presenting the design of hypothetical learning trajectories in mathematics learning. Based on the theories studied, it is concluded that hypothetical learning trajectory is a learning design in the form of allegations on student learning activities based on initial understanding and characteristics of students to achieve higher understanding. HLT has three main components namely learning objectives, learning activities, and hypotheses of the learning process. HLT is used by teachers as a guide to predict and prepare learning flow designs that are appropriate to the stages of student thinking and can improve student learning outcomes. The findings of previous studies show that to design HLT in mathematics learning, educators need to consider student obstacle learning, a hierarchy of material, and learning support capacity, so that learning activities to be hypothesized are built based on these things. It is recommended that future researchers can use the existing HLT, and also develop HLT in other materials that have not been tested by further studying HLT and whatever affects it, research with different differences can be used.

scholarly journals Study of Hypothetical Learning Trajectories in Mathematics Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Ivana Hendrik ◽  
Yuanda Oktrin Lay ◽  
Yohanes Sanca Nele Amuntoda
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Student Thinking ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Learning Trajectory ◽  
Learning Trajectories ◽  
Hypothetical Learning Trajectory ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Learning Flow ◽  
Improve Student Learning

Mathematics learning in this era requires teachers to be able to develop learning models that pay attention to the characteristics of students, so it is important for teachers to know the learning trajectory. This study aims to describe the conception of learning trajectory and hypothetical learning trajectory, as well as presenting the design of hypothetical learning trajectories in mathematics learning. Based on the theories studied, it is concluded that a hypothetical learning trajectory is a learning design in the form of allegations on student learning activities based on initial understanding and characteristics of students to achieve higher understanding. HLT has three main components namely learning objectives, learning activities, and hypotheses of the learning process. HLT is used by teachers as a guide to predict and prepare learning flow designs that are appropriate to the stages of student thinking and can improve student learning outcomes. The findings of previous studies show that to design HLT in mathematics learning, educators need to consider student obstacle learning, a hierarchy of material, and learning support capacity, so that learning activities to be hypothesized are built based on these things.

scholarly journals Do We Need to Redesign the Current Assessment System in Bangladesh? A Review of Theory and Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Faieza Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Summative Assessment ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Summative Assessments ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Current Assessment ◽  
Improve Student Learning

 In this current age of highly competitive global environment, teachers are under tremendous pressure to assess student learning in the most effective manner. Two tools that teachers commonly utilize to assess students in their classes are formative and summative assessment. In formative assessment, teachers gather data in order to improve student learning and in summative assessment they use the data to assess students’ learning at the end of a specific course of study. The scores on both types of assessment should meet the minimum standards of both reliability and validity. In this article we highlight the differences between the two forms of assessment, discuss the theories pertaining to summative and formative assessment, identify how educators at tertiary level in Bangladesh commonly utilize the two types of assessment and disclose opinions of teachers regarding whether the current assessment system is appropriate or need any further improvements. Findings from the study indicate that most teachers have an incomplete and unharmonious understanding about assessment often failing to clearly distinguish between formative and summative assessments.

scholarly journals MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI METODE SQ3R PADA PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH KELAS XII SMA NEGERI 1 TEMBILAHAN HULU

JURNAL RANDAI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
Wardiah
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning System ◽  
History Learning ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Improve Student Learning ◽  
Daily Test

Low activity, student creativity in the learning process can result in the teaching and learning process being less than optimal so that the material presented is incomplete according to the expected completeness criteria. From the results of observations and discussions with the history subject teacher, information is obtained that the learning system has not fully involved students as the subject of learning consequently the final result to be achieved, namely individual and classical learning completeness with KKM (minimum completeness criteria) has not been achieved. One of the efforts made to improve the process and student learning outcomes, a learning method is used that makes it easier for students to compile and understand information or the content of the lesson text in increasing understanding of social studies subject matter so that learning outcomes are expected to increase, through the use of the SQ3R method. Based on the background of the problem, the formulation of the problem in this study is: "How are the students' learning outcomes increased through the SQ3R method in history learning for students of XII SMA Negeri 1 Tembilahan Hulu Indragiri Hilir? "The purpose of this study is to determine the activities of teachers and students as well as the improvement of student learning outcomes in history subjects through the SQ3R method for class XI SMAN 1 Kateman Indragiri Hilir. The conclusion of this study is that the student learning outcomes, before CAR the average daily test was 64.3, after the CAR based on the daily test cycle I increased to 81.8 and was included in the good category. In the second cycle of daily tests, it increased again to 92.8 and was included in the very good category. Thus, the use of the SQ3R method can improve student learning outcomes in history learning for class XII at SMAN 1 Tembilahan Hulu, Indragiri Hilir Regency

Research-Inspired Teaching and Teaching-Inspired Research

2013 ◽  
pp. 131-145
Author(s):  
Gregor Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Approaches To Teaching ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Grant Program ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
University College London ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Microscope Slides ◽  
Improve Student Learning

A shift from pure neuroscience research to research into innovative approaches to teaching and learning has afforded an opportunity to consider ways to develop and integrate technology to improve student learning. Using the authors’ teaching of histology at University College London (UCL), they describe how student learning and engagement in the subject has been advanced through the integration of a Web-based platform for students to view microscope slides. The opportunity to explore these innovations has been facilitated by a recent increase in recognition of teaching at UCL and the consequent expansion of the teaching grant program to explore new technological solutions for learning. In addition, there is now increased incentive to consider new approaches to teaching as a provision has been made for staff promotions to be given primarily on teaching prowess, as opposed to the historical research focus only.

Designing and Evaluating Technology-Based Formative Assessments

2019 ◽  
pp. 222-244
Author(s):  
Emtinan Alqurashi ◽  
Ariel R. Siegelman
Keyword(s):  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Bloom's Taxonomy ◽  
Formative Assessments ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Revised Bloom's Taxonomy ◽  
Bloom’S Taxonomy ◽  
Technology Tool ◽  
Improve Student Learning

Formative assessments aligned with learning goals can improve student learning. Integrating technology into formative assessments can further enhance and transform the learning experience. This chapter focuses on how instructors can design and evaluate formative assessment activities that incorporate technology. It provides a practical guide for understanding how to apply the revised Bloom's taxonomy framework and the substitution, augmentation, modification, redefinition (SAMR) model to create meaningful technology-based formative assessments. This chapter includes evaluations of example technology-based formative assessments that align with learning goals based on Bloom's taxonomy. It determines if the technology used to either substitute or improve the functionality of the activity, enables the redesign of an entire activity, or yields a new activity that is impossible without the technology. This information can be applied to ensure the integrity of technology-based formative assessments and to determine if using a technology tool in a formative assessment is worthwhile.

scholarly journals High-Quality Learning Environments for Engineering Design: Using Tablet PCs and Guidelines from Research on How People Learn

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Palou ◽  
Lourdes Gazca ◽  
Juan Antonio Díaz García ◽  
José Andrés Rojas Lobato ◽  
Luis Geraldo Guerrero Ojeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Thinking ◽  
Formative Assessments ◽  
Tablet Pcs ◽  
Interactive Classroom ◽  
How People Learn ◽  
Quality Learning

A team of several faculty members and graduate students at Universidad de las Amricas Puebla is improving engineering design teaching and learning by creating richer learning environments that promote an interactive classroom while integrating formative assessment into classroom practices by means of Tablet PCs and associated technologies. Learning environments that are knowledge-, learner-, community-, and assessment-centered as highlighted by the How People Learn framework, have been developed. To date, the redesign of the undergraduate course entitled Introduction to Engineering Design has signicantly (p<0.05) increased student participation; formative assessment and feedback are more common and rapid; and instructors are utilizing the information gained through real-time formative assessments to tailor instruction to meet student needs. Particularly important have been opportunities to make student thinking visible and to give them chances to revise, as well as opportunities for "what if" thinking.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Irfan Taufik
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
Improving Student Learning ◽  
Improve Student Learning

This research discusses the application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model in improving student learning outcomes, the purpose of the research in this paper is how to use the Contextual Learning learning model and Learning (CTL) can improve student learning outcomes. The type of research used in this study is classroom action research (CAR). The research subjects were students of class XI Administration 3 Vocational High School (SMK) Negeri 1 Palopo 2018/2019 academic year consisting of 7 male students and 18 female students. The data in this study were obtained from the results of observations of student activities (observation sheets) and final cycle test instruments. Furthermore, the data of this study were analyzed with qualitative descriptive. The learning model of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) in the subjects can improve student learning outcomes. This can be seen from students who enthusiastically receive learning material and students are not ashamed to practice the material directly received, the results showed that during the final test Cycle I student learning outcomes amounted to 73.52%, then in cycle II Discover the results of learning student learning material at 81.48% or around 7.91% in the realm of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects.

scholarly journals Can virtual seminars be used cost-effectively to enhance student learning?

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Halfpenny ◽  
Sonja Wellings
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
University Student ◽  
The Past ◽  
Learning Practices ◽  
Evaluation Of Teaching ◽  
Student Ratios ◽  
Enhance Student Learning

With the expansion of university student numbers over the past decade, deteriorating staiT-student ratios have necessitated a re-evaluation of teaching and learning practices. In general, the amount of direct contact between staff and students has diminished. Lecture audiences have grown larger and there is less opportunity within or immediately after lectures for interaction between students and lecturers. Seminars, classes and tutorials have also grown and they often have fifteen or more students in them, allowing on average only four minutes or fewer of active participation by each member over the course of an hour'sDOI:10.1080/0968776010090305 

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