Predicting the Mathematical Abstraction Processes Using the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy: Secondary School 7th Graders

In this study, it was investigated whether it would be possible to observe abstraction processes of secondary school 7th graders using the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy. For this purpose, eight students participated in the study. The study was conducted at a state secondary school in Turkey. Purposeful sampling method was used in the selection of students and different students were examined by their achievement levels. The research was modeled as a case study and the data were obtained through interviews. Therefore, the data were collected through an interview form developed by the researchers. The collected data were analyzed according to descriptive analysis method. The findings show that the abstraction process differs according to the dimensions of the taxonomy. Accordingly, it was determined that a student who abstracts information should behave at least at the application level in the cognitive level and at least at the conceptual knowledge level in the knowledge dimension. It was also considered that the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy categorized the cognitive mechanisms required by abstraction processes thoroughly. Supporting this study with quantitative data is suggested so that the findings may become more significant. Keywords: mathematical abstraction, mathematics education, equations, Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy, APOS theory

Diversity, Disability, and Addressing the Varied Needs of Learners

This chapter presents a thorough examination of international and U.S. legal and educational foundations which justify instructional variation and diversification for all students, particularly for those with disabilities. With the exploration of various instructional frameworks, objective setting, methods and strategies, materials, and outcomes assessment, the reader develops an understanding of instructional diversification and why it is important for students with and without disabilities. The diverse educational approaches of differentiated instruction, multi-sensory instruction, Bloom's taxonomy of learning, understanding by design, and universal design for learning are presented and explained.

Rigor and Relevance

The term ‘differentiate' is often used in the field of education to signify the modification of learning based on student readiness, learning profile, and academic skills, with changes being made to the depth, pace, and breath of the process (instruction), content (curriculum), and product (students' work and assessments). This chapter will focus on differentiation as it relates to gifted culturally different students, with an emphasis on the inclusion of cultural considerations within learning profiles discuss the necessity of both rigor and cultural relevance in lessons, while also being affirmed by what is taught. The curricula and program challenges within general and gifted classrooms will also be discussed. A brief overview of Bloom's taxonomy and James Banks's multicultural curriculum model will be shared in addition to an overview of Ford's Bloom-Banks matrix along with a revised layout of Trotman Scott's color-coded layout of Ford's matrix with pros and cons for each matrix quadrant.

Taxonomic Analysis of the Levels of Understanding Bulgarian in Students with Intellectual Development Disorders

In the context of inclusive education, students with intellectual development disorders can be found very often at mainstream schools. Therefore, it is necessary to develop different models and didactic materials to help teachers deal with such students. The report attempts to compare the curriculum in Bulgarian language for Grade 4 to Bloom’s taxonomy. The ultimate goal is to achieve maximum facilitation of teachers and preparation of accessible teaching materials for students with intellectual development disorders.

Aplikasi Ranah Kognitif Anderson & Krahthwohl dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Pantun di Sekolah Dasar

Taksonomi adalah klasifikasi benda mengikut ciri-ciri tertentu. Taksonomi dalam bidang pendidikan digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan tujuan pendidikan, penyusunan penilaian dan kurikulum. Bloom telah mengkategorikan tiga ranah dalam pembelajaran, yaitu; ranah kognitif, ranah afektif dan ranah psikomotor. Taksonomi Bloom fokus pada terminologi (1) pengetahuan; (2) pemahaman; (3) penerapan; (4) analisis; (5) sintesis; dan (6) evaluasi. Sedangkan terminolginya berubah dengan adanya Taksonomi Revisi pada tahun 2001 oleh Anderson & Krathwohl dengan terminologi (1) mengingat; (2) memahami; (3) mengaplikasikan; (4) menganalisis; (5) menilai; dan (6) mencipta. Terminologi ini berubah dengan mempertimbangkan keperluan holistik agar lebih mudah dalam penerapannya oleh guru di sekolah. Fokus utama makalah ini adalah membahas ranah kognitif Revisi Anderson & Krathwohl 2001 dan penerapannya dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran pantun di sekolah dasar. Anderson & Krahthwohl Cognitive Applications in Teaching and Learning Pantun in Elementary Schools Abstract: Taxonomy is the classification of things according to certain characteristics. Taxonomy in education is used to classify educational objectives, assessment and curriculum preparation. Bloom has categorized three domains in learning, namely; cognitive domain, affective domain and psychomotor domain. Bloom’s taxonomy focuses on the terminology of (1) knowledge; (2) understanding; (3) application; (4) analysis; (5) synthesis; and (6) evaluation. While the terminology changed with the introduction of the Revised Taxonomy in 2001 by Anderson & Krathwohl with the terminology (1) recalling; (2) understand; (3) apply; (4) analyze; (5) evaluate; and (6) create. This terminology changes by considering the holistic need to make it more relevant in its application by teachers at the school level. The main focus of this paper is a discussion on the cognitive domain of the 2001 Anderson & Krathwohl Revision and its application in the teaching and learning of verse in primary schools. Keywords: Bloom's Taxonomy, Cognitive Area, Poetry, Revised Taxonomy.

LEVELS OF COGNITIVE DOMAIN OF TASKS IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL: A REVISED BLOOM’S TAXONOMY ANALYSES

This study is a descriptive qualitative which aims to know the appropriateness of the textbook’s content with the cognitive dimension of Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy and to know the dominant cognitive category of the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy in the textbook. This research was focused on analyzing the English Textbook, “Pathway to English”, which is published by Erlangga. The data was analyzed through data analysis table to categorize the activity with defined as any one of the following: a question or instructional activity, based on cognitive dimension. The result showed that there are 271 activities in the textbook. The activities spread over 105 (38.7%) remembering, 76 (28%) understanding, 48 (17.7%) applying, 28 (10.3%) analyzing, 7 (2.6%) evaluating, and 7 (2.6%) creating. The total number of activities that included to HOTS are 42 activities or 15.5% and the activities that included to LOTS are 229 activities or 84.5%. The most dominant activity was remembering which the lowest dimension of cognitive level of Revised Bloom Taxonomy. Then, the number of LOTS and HOTS activities in each chapter are very different. Hence, it is not enough if the teacher just only uses the English textbook as a teaching tool to improve students HOTS ability.

Cognitive Level Analysis of Problems in Mathematics Textbook Class XII Revision 2018 Materials of Congress and Construction Based on the Revised Bloom Taxonomy

This study aims to describe the distribution of cognitive levels of questions in the 2018 Revised Class XII Mathematics Textbook for Congruence and Similarity Based on Bloom's Taxonomy. Bloom's Taxonomy used is a revised Bloom's Taxonomy with cognitive process dimensions consisting of: remembering(C1), understanding(C2), applying(C3), analyzing(C4), evaluating(C5), and creating(C6). This type of research was descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Sources of data in this study were questions about the material congruence, similarity and competency test questions contained in the mathematics textbooks of class XII students. The research was carried out with the method of collecting documentation data and using research instruments in the form of analysis sheets and analysis conformity sheets. The results showed that the distribution of the cognitive level of questions on the congruence and similarity material contained the cognitive level of understanding(C2) as much as 18.2%, applying(C3) as much as 50% and analyzing(C4) as much as 31.8%, with the dominant cognitive level being cognitive level of applying(C3) and does not include cognitive levels of remembering(C1), evaluating(C2) and creating(C6). So it was found that the distribution of the cognitive level of the questions on the material of congruence and similarity topic did not vary or was not proportional. with the dominant cognitive level being cognitive level of applying(C3) and does not include cognitive levels of remembering(C1), evaluating(C2) and creating(C6). So it was found that the distribution of the cognitive level of the questions on the material of congruence and similarity topic did not vary or was not proportional. with the dominant cognitive level being cognitive level of applying(C3) and does not include cognitive levels of remembering(C1), evaluating(C2) and creating(C6). So it was found that the distribution of the cognitive level of the questions on the material of congruence and similarity topic did not vary or was not proportional. Keywords: Mathematics Textbook, Congruence, Similarity, Question, Revised Bloom's Taxonomy, Cognitive Level.

Teacher Awareness and Adoption of Bloom’s Taxonomy in Higher Education Institutions in Bhutan: A Case Study of Gedu College of Business Studies

Aims: The purpose of this study is to identify the teacher’s awareness and adoption of bloom’s taxonomy in-class assessment (examination) by teachers of Gedu College of Business Studies (GCBS), Bhutan. Study design: The descriptive and content analysis was applied. Place and Duration of Study: Teaching faculty of GCBS and exam question paper for the year June 2020 was studied. The study was conducted between June 2019 and December 2020. Methodology: The census survey was done with 63 teachers of which 48 responded (38 men, 10 women). The teachers’ awareness of Bloom’s taxonomy was assessed in terms of knowledge and information received on bloom’s taxonomy, and the exam question paper was analyzed to comprehend, how adequately teachers have adopted bloom’s taxonomy in the assessment of the student. Results: Results revealed that all the GCBS teachers are aware of the concepts and the majority think that their understanding of the concepts is good and above (79.2%). Though teachers are aware and familiar with bloom’s taxonomy concepts, those concepts were not used accordingly in preparation for the exam paper. The overall marks distributed in six levels of Bloom's taxonomy show that exam paper questions are slightly skewed to the lower level of Bloom's taxonomy. Conclusion: Without a careful mapping of questions according to Bloom's taxonomy, the examination will not yield the desirable objective of the module.

Analysis of Learning Outcomes in Medical Education with the Use of Fuzzy Logic

The national curricula of the EU member states are structured around learning outcomes, selected according to Bloom’s Taxonomy. The authors of this paper claim that using Bloom’s Taxonomy to phrase learning outcomes in medical education in terms of students’ achievements is difficult and unclear. This paper presents an efficient method of assessing course learning outcomes using Fuzzy Logic.