Susceptibility of Rice varieties against Yellow Stem Borer at different growth stages

[INCIDENCE OF THE RICE YELLOW STEM BORER (Schirpophaga incertulas Walker) ON THREE RICE VARIETIES IN KEMUMU, NORTH BENGKULU]. Rice yellow stem borer (RYSB), Schirpophaga incertulas Walker, often causes yield loss in irrigated rice field. Dead heard and white ear head are the common symptomps resulted from the larval damage. The use of resistant varieties may reduce the risk of yield loss, but the resistance may lose quickly as the varieties are continually grown in a large area. The assessment of the insect incidence in rice field is necessary in order to determine the status of the pest for certain period of time. The objective of the study was to determine the incidence and damage incurred by RYSB in three rice varieties, Mekongga, Cibogo, and Situ Bagendit at farmer rice fields. A survey was conducted in December 2017-February 2018 in Kemumu, North Bengkulu Regency. Observation of RYSB was made on randomly selected 30 hills from + 1 ha area for each variety that was located adjacent to each other. Grain yield was measured from the sampled hills and from 3 plots of 9 m2 . Weight of 1000 grain was measured from grain of three sampled hills. The results revealed that the incidence of RYSB was low, as indicated by the presence of egg mass and larvae of RYSB, and no significant difference was found among the three varieties. Nevertheless, the average cumulative number and percentage of dead heart and white ear head was significantly lower in Mekongga than those of Cibogo and Situ Bagendit. In term of grain yield, however, Mekongga outperformed the other two varieties. The low incidence of RYSB might suggest that growing different variety practiced by local farmers was able to suppress pest population, and therefore it should be implemented in all main areas of rice production.

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Biochemical basis of resistance in rice varieties against yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas

Indian Journal of Entomology ◽

10.5958/0974-8172.2018.00177.3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 80 (3) ◽

pp. 1074

Author(s):

S. M. Chavan ◽

K. G. Patel

Keyword(s):

Stem Borer ◽

Scirpophaga Incertulas ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Biochemical Basis ◽

Yellow Stem Borer

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Cold tolerance in rice varieties at different growth stages

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp09006 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 328 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

C. Ye ◽

S. Fukai ◽

I. Godwin ◽

R. Reinke ◽

P. Snell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Cold Tolerance ◽

High Elevation ◽

Temperature Tolerance ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Low Temperature Tolerance ◽

Wide Range ◽

Different Growth Stages

Low temperature is a common production constraint in rice cultivation in temperate zones and high-elevation environments, with the potential to affect growth and development from germination to grain filling. There is a wide range of genotype-based differences in cold tolerance among rice varieties, these differences often reflecting growth conditions in the place of origin, as well as breeding history. However, improving low temperature tolerance of varieties has been difficult, due to a lack of clarity of the genetic basis to low temperature tolerance for different growth stages of the rice plant. Seeds or plants of 17 rice varieties of different origins were exposed to low temperature during germination (15°C), seedling, booting, and flowering stages (18.5°C), to assess their cold tolerance at different growth stages. Low temperature at the germination stage reduced both the percentage and speed of germination. Varieties from China (B55, Banjiemang, and Lijianghegu) and Hungary (HSC55) were more tolerant of low temperature than other varieties. Most of the varieties showed moderate levels of low temperature tolerance during the seedling stage, the exceptions being some varieties from Australia (Pelde, YRL39, and YRM64) and Africa (WAB160 and WAB38), which were susceptible to low temperature at the seedling stage. Low temperature at booting and flowering stages reduced plant growth and caused a significant decline in spikelet fertility. Some varieties from China (B55, Bangjiemang, Lijiangheigu), Japan (Jyoudeki), the USA (M103, M104), and Australia (Quest) were tolerant or moderately tolerant, while the remaining varieties were susceptible or moderately susceptible to low temperature at booting and flowering stages. Three varieties from China (B55, Lijianghegu, Banjiemang) and one from Hungary (HSC55) showed consistent tolerance to low temperature at all growth stages. These varieties are potentially important gene donors for breeding and genetic studies. The cold tolerance of the 17 rice varieties assessed at different growth stages was correlated. Screening for cold tolerance during early growth stages can therefore potentially be an effective way for assessing cold tolerance in breeding programs.

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Leaf area durations and grain yields of two tropical rice varieties

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9680587 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 8 (34) ◽

pp. 587

Author(s):

PC Owen

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area Index ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽

Temperate Climate ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Area Index ◽

Grain Yields ◽

Different Growth Stages

A series of differing leaf area index regimes during the growth of two tropical rice varieties was produced by partial defoliation at different growth stages. In addition, part of the crop was completely defoliated after panicle emergence. Comparison of the effects of the range of leaf area durations (D) thus produced showed that these rice varieties differed from temperate climate cereals. Grain yields were least associated with D after panicle emergence, but were most influenced by D before emergence. This effect is mainly via an influence upon the number of spikelets formed per panicle. Grain : leaf ratio, a measure of photosynthetic efficiency, was considerably lower than values reported for wheat.

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Oviposition Preference and Infestation of Yellow Stem Borer in Rice Varieties

Journal of Applied Sciences ◽

10.3923/jas.2002.831.834 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 2 (8) ◽

pp. 831-834 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Maqsood A. Rustamani . ◽

Muzaffar A. Talpur . ◽

Rab Dino Khuhro . ◽

Hussain Bux Baloch .

Keyword(s):

Oviposition Preference ◽

Stem Borer ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Yellow Stem Borer

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Host plant resistance against yellow stem borer and rice leaf folder through varietal screening of rice

Plants and Environment ◽

10.22271/2582-3744.2021.mar.23 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 23-29

Author(s):

Sitesh Chatterjee ◽

◽

Chirasree Gangopadhyay ◽

Indrani Dana ◽

Santosh Kumar Roy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Plant Resistance ◽

Host Plant Resistance ◽

Stem Borer ◽

Research Station ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Yellow Stem Borer ◽

Rice Leaf ◽

Rice Leaf Folder ◽

Resistant Varieties

Rice plant is attacked by many insect-pests of which yellow stem borer (dead heart at vegetative stage and white ear head at reproductive stage) and leaf folder are considered as prime devastator, responsible for major economic loss. To combat this problem, resistant varieties of rice are required for better production as well as better productivity. Host plant resistance is very much effective in integrated pest management (IPM) system, where negligible pesticidal hazard is present as well as environmental safety, low cost farming by without or minimum pesticide application and proper identification of resistant varieties for selection as parent in crossing programme to develop resistant varieties in future. The 78 rice varieties were screened out against Scirpophaga incertulas (yellow stem borer) and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (rice leaf folder) of rice during Kharif, 2010-2012 at Rice Research Station, Chinsurah, Hooghly, under Government of West Bengal. The experiment was carried out to determine the level of resistance in early, mid-early, medium and late duration rice varieties, and shallow and semi-deep rice varieties. The pest infestation level was determined by counting dead heart, white ear head and damaged/folded leaves. The experimental results revealed that the early duration variety viz. Narendra 97 and IR 50, the mid-early duration variety i.e. IR 64 and IET 17904 proved resistant against both yellow stem borer (dead heart) and leaf folder. The medium duration variety, Ranjit was highly resistant against both yellow stem borer (dead heart) and leaf folder, and the variety, Pratiksha showed a fair degree of resistance against both yellow stem borer and leaf folder; while Jarava, the late duration variety exhibited high degree resistance against yellow stem borer (dead heart and white ear head). Besides, the varieties, Sashi and Giri recorded very low level of infestation of both lepidopteran pests while shallow and semi-deep variety such as Sashi was also considered resistant against the noxious pests.

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Relative abundance of stem borer species and natural enemies in rice ecosystem at Madhupur, Tangail, Bangladesh

Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University ◽

10.3329/jbau.v12i2.28681 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 267-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

MM Rahaman ◽

KS Islam ◽

M Jahan ◽

MAA Mamun

Keyword(s):

Relative Abundance ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Wolf Spider ◽

Stem Borer ◽

Carabid Beetle ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Stem Borers ◽

Ladybird Beetle ◽

Yellow Stem Borer ◽

Mirid Bug

The relative abundance of different stem borer species and their natural enemies with interaction effects were studied at three growth stages of irrigated Boro rice at Madhupur under the district of Tangail, Bangladesh during January to April, 2013. Five stem borer species viz; Yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas), Pink stem borer (Sesamia inferens), Dark headed stem borer (Chilo polyhcrysus), Stripped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis), White stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata), and nine different natural enemies were collected from the rice fields and recorded. The population of stem borers and natural enemies was highest in tillering stage and lowest in seedling stage. The relative abundance of stem borer species under investigation showed ranking order; yellow stem borer >dark headed stem borer>pink borer>white borer>stripped stem borer and natural enemies as ladybird beetle >long jawed spider>wolf spider>damselfly>carabid beetle>green mirid bug>lynx spider>dragon fly>ear wig. Populations of all five stem borers were positively correlated with ladybird beetle, wolf spider, long jawed spider, lynx spider, damsel fly, dragon fly, green mirid bug and negatively correlated with carabid beetle and earwig.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 267-272, December 2014

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Estimation of supplemental irrigation for Aman rice cultivation in Bogra and Dinajpur districts of Bangladesh

Progressive Agriculture ◽

10.3329/pa.v28i1.32858 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 42-54

Author(s):

R Sen ◽

NN Karim ◽

MT Islam ◽

AKM Adham

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Schedule ◽

Crop Coefficient ◽

Probability Analysis ◽

Actual Evapotranspiration ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Supplemental Irrigation ◽

Late Stages ◽

Reference Crop ◽

Different Growth Stages

A study was carried out to analyze the rainfall and evapotranspiration for successful planning of two aman rice varieties i.e., BRRI dhan33 and BRRI dhan34 in Bogra and Dinajpur districts of Bangladesh. Reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) was determined by employing the FAO Penman-Monteith method. By multiplying ET0by crop coefficient (Kc) actual evapotranspiration of the two rice varieties at different growth stages was determined. Probability analysis was done by Weibulls method and the expected rainfall and actual evapotranspiration at 75% probability level were estimated for different growth stages of BRRI dhan33 and BRRI dhan34 for 14 years. The results revealed that the ETc varied over the total growing season. After probability analysis, the supplemental irrigation was calculated for BRRI dhan33 during mid and late stages; but for BRRI dhan34, it was calculated during development, mid and late stages in Bogra and Dinajpur districts. The study was found quite effective to assess the water availability period for aman cultivation and to indicate when supplemental irrigation is necessary. These results may enable to optimize utilization of valuable water resources and will help to create an irrigation schedule for BRRI dhan33 and BRRI dhan34 for their successful cultivation.Progressive Agriculture 28 (1): 42-54, 2017

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Agronomic Growth Performance of Super Rice under Water-Saving Irrigation Methods with Different Water-Controlled Thresholds in Different Growth Stages

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10020239 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 239 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chengxin Zheng ◽

Zhanyu Zhang ◽

Shurong Hao ◽

Wenmeng Chen ◽

Yongchun Pan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Water Use ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Water Saving ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Irrigation Regimes ◽

Irrigation Water Use ◽

Controlled Irrigation ◽

Different Growth Stages

Many water-saving techniques have been developed for rice production in response to irrigation water scarcity. The selection of the water-saving methods and the optimum thresholds for obtaining maximum benefits of these regimes are largely site-specific depending mainly on soil type, soil texture, and the environment. A two-year (2017 and 2018) experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of the agronomic growth performance, yield, and water use of super rice varieties under different irrigation regimes in Jiangsu Province, China. The irrigation regimes were comprised of different water-controlled thresholds, in different growth stages. Treatments included traditional flooding irrigation (FI, as the control) and the following four water-saving irrigation (WSI) regimes: shallow adjusting irrigation (WSI1), rainwater-catching and controlled irrigation (WSI2), controlled irrigation (WSI3), and drought planting with straw mulching (WSI4). The results showed that WSI treatments significantly increased the irrigation water use efficiency by 20.60% to 56.92% as compared with FI. The WSI treatments significantly decreased the crop evapotranspiration during the rice growth period. The grain yields of WSI1, WSI2, and WSI3 were significantly increased (6.62%~7.20% for WSI1, 8.21%~12.39% for WSI2, and 8.30%~12.91% for WSI3) as compared with that of the control, whereas WSI4 decreased the rice yield by 11.69%~18.10%. This research implies that WSI2 and WSI3 have the greatest potential for promotion in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. An optimization of the irrigation threshold of WSI1 and WSI4 should be considered to guarantee the overall benefit.

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