In vitro potato plant improvement by different parts as explants

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
Alok Kumar Singh ◽  
Devendra Kumar ◽  
Reshu Chaudhary ◽  
D.K. Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Potato Plant ◽  
Plant Improvement ◽  
Different Parts

A Review on Opuntia Species and its Chemistry, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology and Bioapplications

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1227-1244
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Kumar ◽  
Pramod K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Human Consumption ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Sugar Amino Acids ◽  
Opuntia Species ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Different Parts

Background:: Opuntia species, locally known as prickly pear was used for various purposes as food, medicine, beverage, source of dye and animal food. Many studies have revealed its pharmacology activity from time to time. This review is a collection of chemistry, pharmacognosy, pharmacology and bioapplications of the cactus family. Methods: Many sources were used to collect information about Opuntia species such as Pub med, Google scholar, Agris, science direct, Embase, Merk index, Wiley online library, books and other reliable sources. This review contains studies from 1812 to 2019. Results: The plants from the cactus family offer various pharmacological active compounds including phenolic compounds, carotenoids, betalains, vitamins, steroids, sugar, amino acids, minerals and fibers. These bioactive compounds serve various pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antiviral, anti-diabetic, Neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, Hepatoprotective, antibacterial, antiulcer and alcohol hangover. According to various studies, Opuntia species offer many bioapplications such as fodder for animal, soil erosion, prevention, human consumption and waste water decontamination. Finally, different parts of plants are used in various formulations that offer many biotechnology applications. Conclusion: Different parts of Opuntia plant (fruits, seeds, flowers and cladodes) are used in various health problems which include wound healing, anti-inflammatory and urinary tract infection from ancient times. Nowadays, researches have extended several pharmacological and therapeutic uses of Opuntia species as discussed in this review. Many in-vitro and in-vivo models are also discussed in this review as the proofs of research findings. Various research gaps have been observed in current studies that require attention in the future.

Expression of the SMP antigen by oligodendrocytes in the developing avian central nervous system

Development ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-833
Author(s):  
P. Cameron-Curry ◽  
C. Dulac ◽  
N.M. Le Douarin
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Cell Marker ◽  
Cellular Expression ◽  
Early Expression ◽  
Different Parts

Expression of the avian antigen SMP (Schwann cell Myelin Protein, Mr 75-80000), first characterized in the PNS with a monoclonal antibody as an early and strictly specific Schwann cell marker, was further studied in the CNS. Comparing SMP immunoreactive areas in the different parts of the CNS with those expressing the Myelin Basic Protein (MBP), we showed a strict colocalisation of both phenotypes. In vitro, MBP+ oligodendrocytes express the surface antigen SMP as well. SMP cellular expression was followed in situ and in culture using nervous tissues from embryos at different stages. We were thus able to detect an early expression of this marker by oligodendroblasts before the first appearance of MBP immunoreactivity. We have also identified a subpopulation of SMP+/MBP- and SMP+/GC- cells, which persists under our culture conditions as precursors remaining in an immature state.

Pharmacological Applications of Saffron (Crocus sativus)

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Priyanka Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Management ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Tumour Activity ◽  
Different Parts

Saffron spice also known as Crocus sativus (Saffron crocus) belongs to the family of iridaceae. Many studies have proved its potential role in disease eradication. It has been reported to possess the attributes of a sedative, an anti-asthma, an emmenagogue, an expectorant, and an adaptogenic agent. Crocin, crocetin, and safranal are the most important biochemically active ingredients that were found in different parts of the plants in varying proportions like the peels, fruits, seeds, and rind of Crocus sativus. The in vitro and in vivo studies showed that saffron has got its therapeutic implication in health management via anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, hepatoprotective, and anti-tumour activity. This review attempts to reveal the potential pharmacological properties of Crocus sativus. It also draws attention towards the use of herbs and spices in various ailments without facing the harmful side effects of chemically derived medicine.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of callus and cell suspension cultures extracts of Thevetia peruviana

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Arias Echeverri ◽  
Isabel Cristina Ortega ◽  
Mariana Peñuela ◽  
Mario Arias
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Thevetia Peruviana ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Different Parts

Thevetia peruviana is an ornamental plant considered source of biologically compounds with cardiac and antimicrobial activity. These compounds are normally extracted from different parts of the fully growth plants. In this work, extracts were obtained from callus and cell suspension cultures of T. peruviana and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion tests against gram negative (Salmonella thipimurium and Escherichia coli) and gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) strains. Ethanol, methanol and hexane extracts from callus and cell suspension cultures showed biological activity. Methanolic cell suspension extract showed activity against B. cereus and S. aureus. Ethanolic cell suspension extract inhibit all the bacteria, especially S. thipimurium while hexanic extract showed resistance activity against S. thipimurium, S. aureus and B. cereus. In terms of the source of the extracts, hexane extracts obtained from cell suspension cultures showed a higher antimicrobial activity compared to callus, while ethanol extracts had an inverse behavior. These results outline in vitro cell culture of T. peruviana as a feasible biotechnological platform for the production of compounds with antimicrobial activity.

Adherence of bacteria to mucus collected from different parts of the reproductive tract of heifers and cows

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 720-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Styková ◽  
R. Nemcová ◽  
I. Valocký ◽  
F. Novotný ◽  
P. Guba
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Gastric Mucus ◽  
Strain Specificity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Lactobacillus Mucosae ◽  
Different Parts

In the present study, we examined the adherence of indigenous vaginal bacteria, probiotic strains, and metritis pathogens to mucus collected from different parts of the reproductive tracts of heifers and cows and compared their adherence with the bacterial adherence to mucus collected from the stomach and large intestine of pigs. Most of the vaginal strains adhered to mucus collected from different parts of the reproductive tract and strongly adhered to gastric mucus, with the exception of Lactobacillus buchneri 24S8. Only Lactobacillus mucosae 29S8, Enterococcus faecium E21, and E. faecium EAC adhered to colonic mucus. Probiotic strains adhered strongly to mucus collected from the reproductive tract and gastric mucus but did not adhere to colonic mucus. Pathogenic strains were adherent to vaginal, uterine horn, and gastric mucus, except Escherichia coli O8:K88ab:H9 (65), Fusobacterium necrophorum, and Gardnerella vaginalis, which adhered to uterine cervix mucus. Only Kocuria kristinae and G. vaginalis adhered to uterine body mucus; E. coli O149:K88ac (EC) adhered to colonic mucus. The strains did not exhibit host specificity but rather strain specificity. The ability to adhere to mucus was a characteristic unique to each strain. To our knowledge, this is the first report regarding in vitro adherence of GRAS (Generally Regarded As Safe) lactobacilli isolated from different sources to mucus collected from different parts of the reproductive tract.

Comparative Studies of Various Ganoderma Species and Their Different Parts with Regard to Their Antitumor and Immunomodulating Activities In Vitro

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 777-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace G.L. Yue ◽  
Kwok-Pui Fung ◽  
Gary M.K. Tse ◽  
Ping-Chung Leung ◽  
Clara B.S. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Different Parts

Chemical and biological comparison of different sections of Uncaria rhynchophylla (Gou-Teng)

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Gang Zhang ◽  
Chang-An Geng ◽  
Xiao-Yan Huang ◽  
Xing-Long Chen ◽  
Yun-Bao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hek293 Cell ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Uncaria Rhynchophylla ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Chinese Medicine Theory ◽  
Different Parts

Uncaria rhynchophylla (Gou-Teng in Chinese) is officially documented in Chinese pharmacopoeia as one of the authentic sources for the crude drug of Gou-Teng which has long been used for mental and cardiovascular diseases. Indole alkaloids are the characteristic constituents responsible for the desired hypotensive effect; however, the psychiatric active constituents of Gou-Teng are still unclear. According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, only the hook-bearing stems of U. rhynchophylla are used as the crude materials for Gou-Teng, while its leaves and fruits are scarcely used. The present study aimed to compare the metabolic fingerprints of different parts (hooks, stems, leaves and fruits) of U. rhynchophylla by LC-DAD-MS/MS analysis and further evaluate their psychiatric activities on HEK293 cell line in vitro. A total of 38 constituents including 26 alkaloids, six flavonoids, two triterpenoids, two chlorogenic acid analogs and two other compounds were characterized. The different parts of U. rhynchophylla can be well differentiated from their chemical profiles. Leaves displayed the most potent activity on both MT1 and MT2 receptors, with agonistic rates of 39.7% and 97.6%. For 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors, hooks showed the strongest activity with agonistic rates of 92.6% and 83.1%, respectively. This investigation provided valuable information for understanding the chemical divergence between different parts of U. rhynchophylla, and their substantial bases for psychiatric purposes.

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