Risk Assessment on BTEX Exposure at Fuel Storage Tank Area in Gasoline Station

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2281
Author(s):  
Thawatchai Dacherngkhao ◽  
Sunisa Chaiklieng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Gasoline Station ◽  
Fuel Storage

Heavy Truck Fuel Storage System Design for Improved Impact Protection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Leiss ◽  
Marcus A. Mazza ◽  
Erin M. Shipp
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Foot Drop ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Fuel Storage ◽  
Heavy Truck ◽  
Impact Protection ◽  
Tank Design ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Heavy (Class 8) truck fuel storage location and geometry has not significantly changed in several decades. Manufacturers have taken steps to improve their designs by eliminating cross over lines and making material property and thickness changes, among other changes, but there has been no mandate or significant effort to decrease the potential for post collision fuel fed fires in heavy trucks. Even with these design changes, FARS data indicates the number of fatal post-impact fires has not decreased over time. Several studies were conducted in the 1980’s and 1990’s that brought the unprotected design of the fuel storage on these vehicles to light. This paper combines these historical works with current FARS data on the subject and describes a different design approach that increases the impact protection of the fuel storage tank. This new approach uses the truck’s frame rails to guard the fuel storage tank and absorb and redirect impact energy. Currently, a heavy truck “saddle” mounted fuel tank’s integrity is tested through a 30 foot drop test prescribed by 49 CFR 393 and also listed in SAE Recommended Procedure J703. In this work, a crash test methodology used to test the integrity of a school bus side mounted fuel tank as prescribed in FMVSS 301S is discussed. Results of using this crash methodology on a current “saddle” tank design and a prototype of the new fuel storage system design are also presented.

Numerical Analysis of the Residual Heat Removal for the Spent Fuel Storage Tank of HTR-10

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhua Wang ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Jiguo Lui
Keyword(s):  
Storage Tank ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Heat Removal ◽  
Fuel Tank ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Loading Process ◽  
Spent Fuel Storage ◽  
Fuel Storage ◽  
Interim Storage ◽  
Residual Heat

Chinese 10 MW High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTR-10) has inherent safety; the residual heat of the spent fuel could be removed by natural ventilation in loading process. The spent fuel storage tank could shield radiation; the outside is covered by an iron sleeve; the spent fuel tank would be stored in atmosphere after fully loaded, and the residual heat could be discharged by natural ventilation in interim storage stage. The calculation showed that, the maximum temperature locates in the middle of the fuel pebble bed in the spent fuel tank in loading process and interim storage stage, and the temperature decrease gradually with radial distance; the temperature in the tank body and sleeve is evenly; it is feasible to remove the residual heat of the spent fuel tank by natural ventilation, and in the natural ventilation condition, the temperature of the spent fuel and the tank is lower than the temperature limit, which provides theoretical evidence for the choice of the residual heat removal method in loading process and interim storage stage.

scholarly journals Health Risk Assessment for the Exposure of Workers to BTEX at the Gasoline Stations

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thanh Giao ◽  
Phan Kim Anh ◽  
Huynh Thi Hong Nhien
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Life Time ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gasoline Station ◽  
Toxic Gases ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

The study was conducted to assess the health risks of workers due to exposure to toxic gases including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m, p-xylene, o-xylene, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde at gasoline retail stations. In this study, data on the  concentrations of the toxic gases were collected from the previously published studies in the qualified scientific journals. The health risk assessment was followed by the process of the United States Environment Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). The results show that the concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m, p-xylene, o-xylene, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde were in the range of 12.40 - 357.5, 12.47 - 574.17, 2.05 - 156.5, 4.57 - 218, 2.36 - 77.04, 3.64 - 153.93 and 1.27- 27.83 µg/m3 , respectively. Life time cancer risk for gasoline station workers due to exposure to benzene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde was calculated in the ranges of 2.13x10-5 - 6.14x10-4 , 4.96x10-7 - 3.79x10-5 , 4.81x10-6 - 2.03x10-4 , and 7.99x10-7 - 1.75x10-5 , respectively. For non-carcinogenic  compounds, the hazard index due to benzene, toluene, m, p-xylene, o-xylene were respectively in the range of 0.13 - 3.81, 7.97x10-4 -  0.04, 0.01 - 0.70 and 0.01 - 0.25. The findings revealed that there is high risk of cancer and non-cancer for the workers working at the gasolines stations if they are not taking good preventive measures. The calculation showed that the limit levels of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde should be reduced to 5.82x10-4 , 15.64, 4.13x10- 3 , 0.31, 7.57x10-4 and 1.59x10-3 mg/m3 , respectively to meet the safety levels for the workers at the gasoline stations. Keywords: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, life-time cancer risk, health

scholarly journals Risk Assessment for Hydrocarbon Fuel Storage and Handling Facilities at Gaili Area, Khartoum North-Sudan

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Mohieldeen M.A. Ahmed ◽  
Muzmmel M.M. Ibrahim ◽  
Omer M.A. Al Ghabshawi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Steering Committee ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Environmental Health And Safety ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Fuel Storage ◽  
Electrical Shocks

This study focused on evaluating the concepts of risk assessment associated with unsafe acts according to hazard identification at Gaili Area, Khartoum North, Sudan. Approaches used in this study; Research tools: Interviews, definite questionnaire & computer program for descriptive statistics – statistical package for social science (SSPS/version 22 – 2014). The study of risk assessment is conducted for workers in fuel terminals at Gaili area and analyzed using environmental health and safety concepts for eight jobs. Risk is associated with Job (driver, electrician, pump attendant, etc.), after hazards to be identified (natural, environmental, technological, biochemical, etc.). Fuel truck drivers at Gaili area showed the most highly risk job. The result showed that 60% of the incidents were caused by the hydrocarbon fuel transport drivers at the study area as the most highly risk job, followed by the electricians being the most affected job by electrical shocks during working hours followed by the pump attendants then welders followed by mechanics; including fatalities, restricted work activities, injuries, first aid and property damage. The study recommended to formulate of temporary committees such as autumn committee is not efficient in solving the problem, HSE steering committee should be a permanent committee to direct the emergency planning according to risk based assessment for identified hazards.

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