scholarly journals Distribution and Occurrence of White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) and Red Pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) at the Northern Limit of Their Range in Ontario

1948 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-226
Author(s):  
W R Haddow
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Northern Limit

Effets du brûlage dirigé et du scarifiage sur l'établissement des semis et sur leur interaction avec la végétation concurrente

1995 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée Tellier ◽  
Luc C. Duchesne ◽  
Robert S. McAlpine ◽  
Jean-Claude Ruel
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
Competition Index ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Clear Cut

In 1990, a jack pine forest was clear-cut on an 15 ha area and divided into 40 plots. In 1991, ten plots were burned-over under varying conditions to obtain different fire intensities and ten plots were scarified. Each plot was planted in 1992 with red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) and white pine (P. strobus L.) seedlings. Survival rate and health of the seedlings was evaluated for the first two years after planting and the non-crop vegetation was assessed using a competition index developed for conifer management in Ontario. Our results show seedling survival rate, health, biomass and height to be improved when planted on burned-over or scarified sites and that fire intensity influences certain of those characteristics. Key words: scarification, fire, Pinus resinosa, Pinus strobus, competition

A NEW LEPIDOPTEROUS INSECT INJURIOUS TO VEGETATION

1877 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 161-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Grote
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
The Body ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Small Larva ◽  
White Pine

In the months of June and July the Red Pine (Pinus resinosa) and the white Pine (Pinus strobus) show by the exuding pitch that they are suffering from the attacks of an insect. The wounds occur on the main stem below, the insertion of the branch. On cutting into the bark the injury is found to be caused by a small larva, which, when full grown, measures 16 to 18 millimetres. The head is shining chestnut brown with black mandibles. The body is livid or blackish green, naked, with series of black dots, each dot giving rise to a single, rather stout, bristle.

Restoring southern Ontario forests by managing succession in conifer plantations

2008 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C Parker ◽  
Ken A Elliott ◽  
Daniel C Dey ◽  
Eric Boysen
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Rubra ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Fraxinus Americana ◽  
White Ash ◽  
Conifer Plantations

Thinning and underplanting of conifer plantations to promote natural succession in southern Ontario's forests for restoration purposes was examined in a young red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) plantation. Eleven years after application of five thinning treatments, seedling diameter, height, and stem volume of planted white ash (Fraxinus americana L), red oak, (Quercus rubra L.), and white pine (Pinus strobus L.) were positively correlated with thinning intensity and size of canopy openings. Percent survival did not differ among thinning treatments. Based on growth and survival responses, field performance of white ash and white pine was superior to red oak. Recommendations for restoring conifer plantations to native forest types are provided. Key words: acorn predation, direct seeding, Fraxinus americana, Pinus resinosa, Pinus strobus, plantations, Quercus rubra, red oak, red pine, underplanting, thinning, white ash, white pine

NEW RECORDS AND NOTES OF SALTATORIA (ORTHOPTERA) IN ONTARIO

1942 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 97-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Urquhart
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
New Records ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Southern Ontario

Oecanthus pini Beutenmuller. Since O. pini is known to range from Massachusetts west to Ohio and south to North Carolina, it is not surprising to find it in extreme southern Ontario. The specimens here recorded were found on white pine (Pinus strobus L.), red pine (Pinus resinosa Sol. and jack pine (Pinus Banksiana Lam.) in an area devoted to reforestation.

White pine (Pinus strobus L.) regeneration dynamics at the species’ northern limit of continuous distribution

New Forests ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadav Uprety ◽  
Hugo Asselin ◽  
Yves Bergeron ◽  
Marc J. Mazerolle
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Northern Limit ◽  
Regeneration Dynamics

USE OF THE RELATIVE TURGIDITY TECHNIQUE FOR MEASUREMENT OF WATER STRESSES IN GYMNOSPERM LEAVES

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Clausen ◽  
T. T. Kozlowski
Keyword(s):  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Tsuga Canadensis ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Eastern Hemlock ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Sampling Variation

Adaptations of Weatherley's relative turgidity technique (Weatherley 1950), fitting it for use with red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.), white pine (P. strobus L.), balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.), and eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.) are described. Results of preliminary investigations of sampling variation between trees, whorls, and needle ages in red pine are presented.

Surface burning in a mature stand of Pinus resinosa and Pinus strobus in Michigan: effects on understory vegetation

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Neumann ◽  
Donald I. Dickmann
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Phytolacca Americana ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Periodic Surface ◽  
Surface Fires ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Surface Burning

Beginning in 1991, periodic surface fires (frontal fire intensities <200 kW m–1) were introduced into a mixed red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) and white pine (P. strobus L.) plantation (dbh 16–60 cm). Replicated plots of 0.4–0.5 ha were either burned three times at biennial intervals (early May of 1991, 1993, and 1995), burned once (early May 1991), or not burned. Measurements were conducted during the 1994 and 1995 growing seasons. The pine overstory was largely unaffected by the fires. The understory on unburned plots contained 16 111 large seedlings (>1 m, ≤ 1.9 cm dbh) and 3944 saplings (2.0–5.9 cm dbh) per ha, consisting of 23 woody angiosperm taxa. Plots burned once contained 60% of the large seedlings, 7% of the saplings, and 6 fewer taxa than unburned plots. No large seedlings and few saplings were found in plots burned biennially. Cover of low (<1 m) woody and herbaceous vegetation in plots burned once or three times was twice that of unburned plots, even in the growing season immediately following the May 1995 re-burn. Recovery of low vegetative cover in the re-burned plots was rapid, exceeding that in once-burned or unburned plots by late summer following the burn. Species richness of low vegetation was 20–25% higher in burned than unburned plots, except in the year immediately following reburning. Taxa dominating this site following burning were Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees, Rubus spp., Phytolacca americana L., and Dryopteris spinulosa (O.F. MÜll.) Watt. Restoration of low-intensity surface fires to ecosystems dominated by mature red pine or white pine is feasible, but major changes in understory structure and composition will occur.

The relationship of stand structure with canopy transmittance: Simple models and practical methods for managing understory light conditions in eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.)-dominated forests

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (04) ◽  
pp. 489-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Stand Structure ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Canopy Closure ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of stand structural features with understory light levels, estimated by gap light index (GLI), was investigated in 22 second-growth eastern white (Pinus strobus L.) and red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.)-dominated stands in central Ontario that encompassed a broad range in density and basal area. Simple, empirical light models were developed to quantify the influence of several stand structural variables on canopy transmittance as estimated by GLI. Models were also derived to facilitate the operational identification of residual basal area, density, and percent canopy closure associated with target understory light levels that optimize the growth of white pine regeneration and its protection from weevil and blister rust when using the uniform shelterwood silvicultural system. Regression models indicated significant negative, nonlinear relationships of GLI with density, basal area, a stand density index, total crown area, and foliar biomass, while GLI was linearly related to percent canopy closure. Application of these models to identify density, basal area, and canopy closure values associated with target light levels for the regeneration and removal cuts of uniform shelterwoods demonstrates the use of this information to help guide management of white pine–red pine forests.

scholarly journals Managing succession in conifer plantations: converting young red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) plantations to native forest types by thinning and underplanting

2001 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Parker ◽  
Daniel C. Dey ◽  
Steven G. Newmaster ◽  
Ken A. Elliott ◽  
Eric Boysen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Thinning Intensity ◽  
White Ash

The effects of thinning on growth and survival of white pine (Pinus strobus L.), white ash (Fraxinus americana L.), and red oak (Quercus rubra L.), and understory plant diversity were examined in a young red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) plantation. Five years after thinning, seedling diameter, height, and stem volume were positively correlated with thinning intensity and the size of canopy openings. Percent survival did not differ among thinning treatments, but was significantly higher in white ash and white pine than red oak. Understory vegetation included 113 species, with species richness increasing with thinning intensity and proximity to neighbouring plant communities. Thinning to create relatively large canopy openings in combination with underplanting can promote the natural succession of young pine plantations to native forest species. Keywords: direct seeding, plant diversity, natural regeneration, red oak, restoration, white ash, white pine

Sex attractants and seasonal flight patterns for three Eucosma (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) species sympatric in eastern pine seed orchards and plantations

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.G. Grant ◽  
P. de Groot ◽  
D. Langevin ◽  
S.A. Katovich ◽  
K.N. Slessor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromones ◽  
Sex Attractant ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Host Preferences ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Isolating Mechanisms

AbstractSex attractant blends were developed for monitoring three conifer-feeding species of Eucosma Hübner found in pine seed orchards and plantations in Wisconsin and Ontario. Eucosma monitorana Heinrich, which attacks developing cones of red pine, Pinus resinosa Aiton (Pinaceae), preferred lures containing 100:5:15 (μg blend) of (Z)-9-dodecenyl acetate (Z9-12:Ac), (E)-9-dodecenyl acetate (E9-12:Ac), and (Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol (Z9-12:OH), respectively, over lures without the alcohol or with higher levels of E9-12:Ac. This blend was unattractive to sympatric Eucosma gloriola Heinrich, a species that feeds inside shoots of red pine and eastern white pine, Pinus strobus L. Eucosma gloriola was attracted to a 100:30 blend of Z9-/E9-12:Ac, and adding Z9-12:OH had no significant effect. Eucosma tocullionana Heinrich, which attacks cones of eastern white pine, was attracted equally to 10:3 and 10:5 μg blends of Z9-/E9-12:Ac, and adding Z9-12:OH had no effect. A ratio as low as 1:0.3 was attractive to E. tocullionana but not to sympatric E. gloriola, which preferred a 100-fold higher dosage of the same blend. The seasonal flight periods of the three species overlapped in all study areas. The flight of E. gloriola usually peaked in late May slightly before that of E. monitorana while the flight of E. tocullionana peaked about 1–3 weeks later. The results indicate that sex pheromones, seasonal flight periods, and host preferences are isolating mechanisms for these closely related sympatric species.

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