scholarly journals Fifty shades of unsaid: Women’s explicit and implicit attitudes towards sexual morality

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziana Lanciano ◽  
Emanuela Soleti ◽  
Francesca Guglielmi ◽  
Ivan Mangiulli ◽  
Antonietta Curci
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Moral Evaluation ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Implicit Measure ◽  
Sexual Morality ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Sex Guilt

The movie Fifty Shades of Grey has created a great deal of controversy which has reignited the debate on unusual and alternative sexual practices such as bondage. Erotophobic individuals have negative affect towards the type of sexual libertinism conveyed by the movie, while erotophilic persons have a positive attitude and emotional feelings towards this kind of sexual emancipation. Using the Implicit Association Test, this study aimed to explore the extent to which there is a difference in women's attitudes towards sexual morality on an explicit and implicit level. Our findings found that erotophobic and erotophilic women differed only on an explicit level of sex guilt and moral evaluation, while no difference in the implicit measure was found.

Evidence of negative implicit attitudes toward individuals with a tattoo near the face

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin A. Zestcott ◽  
Meghan G. Bean ◽  
Jeff Stone
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Processing Fluency ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
The Face

Three studies examined if people express negative implicit attitudes toward individuals with a tattoo near the face. In Study 1, participants who completed an Implicit Association Test (IAT) expressed moderately negative implicit attitudes toward individuals with a tribal tattoo on one side of the neck. Study 2 replicated Study 1 when the tattoo was symmetrical, suggesting that negative affect, and not processing fluency, underlies the implicit negative evaluation of individuals with a tribal tattoo near the face. Study 3 showed dissociation between explicit and implicit attitudes toward individuals with a tribal tattoo near the face, and that the negative implicit evaluation was attenuated if the tattoo image was an objectively positive symbol. The implications for displaying a tattoo near the face are discussed.

Implicit Association Test: Separating Transsituationally Stable and Variable Components of Attitudes toward Gay Men

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie C. Steffens ◽  
Axel Buchner
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Situational Factor ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Implicit Association

Implicit attitudes are conceived of as formed in childhood, suggesting extreme stability. At the same time, it has been shown that implicit attitudes are influenced by situational factors, suggesting variability by the moment. In the present article, using structural equation modeling, we decomposed implicit attitudes towards gay men into a person factor and a situational factor. The Implicit Association Test ( Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998 ), introduced as an instrument with which individual differences in implicit attitudes can be measured, was used. Measurement was repeated after one week (Experiment 1) or immediately (Experiment 2). Explicit attitudes towards gay men as assessed by way of questionnaires were positive and stable across situations. Implicit attitudes were relatively negative instead. Internal consistency of the implicit attitude assessment was exemplary. However, the within-situation consistency was accompanied by considerable unexplained between-situation variability. Consequently, it may not be adequate to interpret an individual implicit attitude measured at a given point in time as a person-related, trait-like factor.

Sex-Guilt Implicit Association Test

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delaram A Totonchi ◽  
Valerian J. Derlega ◽  
Louis H. Janda
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Sex Guilt

scholarly journals The IAT Is Dead, Long Live the IAT: Context-Sensitive Measures of Implicit Attitudes Are Indispensable to Social and Political Psychology

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Jost
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
Iq Test ◽  
Attitude Measures ◽  
Physical Height ◽  
Political Value

The implicit association test (IAT) is one of several measures of implicit attitudes, but it has attracted especially intense criticism. Some methodological objections are valid, but they are damning only if one accepts false analogies between the IAT and measures of intellectual aptitude, clinical diagnosis, or physical height. Other objections are predicated on misconceptions of the nature of attitudes (which are context-sensitive and reflect personal and cultural forces) or the naive assumption that people cannot be biased against their own group. Other criticisms are ideological, pertaining to questions of moral and political value, such as whether it is good to have fewer pro-White/anti-Black implicit attitudes and to provide respondents with feedback about their implicit attitudes. Implicit-attitude measures have been extremely useful in predicting voting and other political behavior. An indirect, unobtrusive, context-sensitive measure of attitudes is far more useful to social and political psychologists than an IQ test or clinical “diagnosis” would be, insofar as it reflects a dynamic Lewinian conception of the “person in the situation.”

scholarly journals A Diffusion Model Approach for Understanding the Impact of 17 Interventions on the Race Implicit Association Test

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Röhner ◽  
Calvin K. Lai
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Implicit Measure ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Sham Intervention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Speed Accuracy

<p>Performance on implicit measures reflects construct-specific and non-construct-specific processes. This creates an interpretive issue for understanding interventions to change implicit measures: change in performance could reflect changes in the constructs-of-interest or changes in other mental processes. We re-analyzed data from six studies (<i>N</i> = 23,342) to examine the process-level effects of 17 interventions and one sham intervention to change race Implicit Association Test (IAT) performance. Diffusion models decompose overall IAT performance (<i>D</i>-scores) into construct-specific (ease of decision-making), and non-construct-specific processes (speed-accuracy tradeoffs, non-decision-related processes like motor execution). Interventions that effectively reduced <i>D-</i>scores changed ease of decision-making on compatible and incompatible trials. They also eliminated differences in speed-accuracy tradeoffs between compatible and incompatible trials. Non-decision-related processes were impacted by two interventions only. There was little evidence that interventions had any long-term effects. These findings highlight the value of diffusion modeling for understanding the mechanisms by which interventions affect implicit measure performance.</p>

scholarly journals Attitude of Indian Youth towards Homosexuality

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahni S ◽  
Gupta B ◽  
Nodiyal K ◽  
Pant V
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Contact Hypothesis ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Interpersonal Contact ◽  
Contact Group

Homosexualism is behaviour or a phenomenon in which individuals of the same sex are attracted to or have sexual relations with each other. In India, homosexuality is a taboo subject. Much research has not been conducted to understand the attitude of Indian youth towards homosexuality. The aim of the present research was to measure the implicit attitude, and a comparative analysis between the contact group (those who are in contact with homosexual individuals) and the non-contact group (those who neither know nor are in touch with homosexual individuals) was conducted. Implicit Association Test (Greenwald, McGhee, Schwartz, 1998) was used to gauge the implicit attitude towards homosexual individuals. 100 (50 males and 50 females) undergraduate and graduate students of Delhi and NCR were taken as sample in the study. It has been highlighted through various studies that people might show a positive or a neutral attitude towards homosexuality but unconsciously it may not always be the case. The contact hypothesis (Allport, 1954) suggests that the prejudice against homosexuals can be mitigated by encouraging interpersonal contact between non-homosexual and homosexual population. The findings of this study suggests that the contact group held a positive attitude towards homosexuals (30 out of 50), while the non-contact group held a negative one (40 out of 50).

Using implicit associations towards fruit consumption to understand fruit consumption behaviour and habit strength relationships

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert-Jan de Bruijn ◽  
Mario Keer ◽  
Mark Conner ◽  
Ryan E. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Habit Strength ◽  
Implicit Associations ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Fruit Consumption ◽  
Consumption Behaviour ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Consumption Habits

An implicit association test (IAT) was used to investigate how habit strength, implicit attitudes and fruit consumption interrelate. Fifty-two participants completed a computerized IAT and provided measures of fruit consumption and related habit strength. Implicit attitudes moderated the habit strength—fruit consumption relationship; stronger relationships were observed when implicit attitudes were more positive. Amongst those with strong fruit habits, more positive associations with fruit were found for those who had recently consumed sufficient fruits compared to those who had not. Findings demonstrate the relevance of implicit positive associations in understanding the relationship between fruit consumption habits and subsequent fruit consumption.

The Ms. Stereotype Revisited: Implicit and Explicit Facets

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Malcolmson ◽  
Lisa Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Target Person ◽  
Implicit Measure ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Implicit and explicit stereotypes toward the title Ms. were examined. Participants read a short description of a target person whose title of address varied (Ms., Mrs., Miss, Mr.). They then rated the person on agentic and communal traits and completed an Implicit Association Test. Replicating earlier research ( Dion, 1987 ), at an explicit level, women using the title Ms. were seen as less communal than individuals using the title Mrs. or Mr. and more agentic than individuals using the titles Mrs., Mr., or Miss. This time, however, women using the title Miss were also seen as less communal and more agentic than women using the title Mrs. but not as agentic as women using the title Ms. On the implicit measure, Ms. was relatively more associated with agentic than communal traits compared to Mrs. but not to Miss.

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