scholarly journals Collective memories and present-day intergroup relations: Introduction to the Special Thematic Section

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 694-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Figueiredo ◽  
Borja Martinovic ◽  
Jonas Rees ◽  
Laurent Licata
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Intergroup Dynamics ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
Psychological Correlates ◽  
Thematic Section

This special thematic section aims to bring together current research on the connections between collective memories – or representations of history – and present-day intergroup relations. Drawing from a multitude of geographical and historical contexts as well as different methodologies, we bring forth ten articles focusing on distinct aspects of the relations between representations of the past and present day intergroup dynamics. The topics covered in these articles focus on one or more of the four research lines identified within this field: 1) the antecedents of collective memories; 2) the contents and structure of collective memories; 3) the official or institutional transmission of collective memories; and 4) distinct socio-psychological correlates of collective memories in present-day societies. Together, the contributions in this special thematic section showcase current directions of research within the field and highlight the need to consider the role of representations of the past for understanding present day instances of intergroup conflict or harmony. We discuss the need for more interdisciplinary work in this field, as well as more applied research in the future.

Living in the past: The impact of victimization memory on threat perceptions

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainius Lašas ◽  
Rocio Garcia-Retamero ◽  
Vaida Jankauskaitė ◽  
Vitalija Simonaitytė
Keyword(s):  
Framing Effects ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Threat Perception ◽  
Threat Perceptions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Power Asymmetries ◽  
The Impact

Threat perception is a key issue defining intergroup conflict dynamics. To date, it has been linked with power asymmetries and value similarities between groups. This article examines the role of victimization memory in threat construction. The results of an experiment converge to suggest that personal and institutional victimization memories are robust predictors of the levels of threat perception. They act as primary references in the assessment of threat and suppress framing effects. The findings have significant implications for the theory of threat perception.

scholarly journals When and why is the forgotten past recovered? The Battle of Warsaw, 1920 and the role of local actors in the production of memory

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-190
Author(s):  
Ewa Ochman
Keyword(s):  
Social Memory ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Past ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Institutional Actors

Memory scholars mostly agree that although social memory is culturally constructed, political and institutional actors encounter various constraints when adapting the past to their group’s needs and values. The aim of this article is to revisit this old question of the malleability and persistence of the past but in the context of the intensive memory production that emerged during a period of rapid change in post-communist transitional states. First, the article probes the question why some collective memories re-emerge after a long period of suppression while others do not. And second, it examines the conditions under which local rather than national actors become more successful in recovering the forgotten past. The focus is on Poland; its distinct history of frequent ruptures in the continuity of commemorative tradition not only opens up opportunities for less constrained work of remembrance but also for repositioning the standing of national and local agents of memory production.

Newman's Aesthetic Vision

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Robert C. Christie ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
University Education ◽  
Past Century ◽  
John Henry Newman ◽  
The Past ◽  
Education Today ◽  
Unity Of Knowledge ◽  
The University

The evolution of scientism, relativism, and the resultant fragmentation of knowledge over the past century have led to a crisis in contemporary university education. John Henry Newman, a nineteenth-century philosopher of education, a major figure in educational theory and applied research, and author of the classic work on education, The Idea of a Univershy, faced similar problems in his time, and his work is valuable in addressing contemporary dilemmas. Newman's philosophy of mind and his vision of the unity of knowledge, which reflects an aesthetic dimension, and the resultant essential role of theology in education, are key elements for reimagining the university. An analysis of Newman's spirited Eighth Discourse anchors this retrospective and commends his work to higher education today by recalling an eariier ideal of the integration of all disciplines.

Young journalists and old news: remembering mass protests in Hong Kong

Journalism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146488492199953
Author(s):  
Donna Chu
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
The Past ◽  
Professional Norms

In this study, 20 journalists who had worked on news about the anniversaries of mass protests in Hong Kong were interviewed. Given that most had been born after the historical events being commemorated, this paper aims to understand how young journalists comprehend and cover such old news. It also uncovers the journalistic processes behind the related anniversary journalism and discusses the role of journalism in constructing collective memory. The study traced how journalists normally do their research and what they consider in the production process. We found that journalists, as with other assignments, generally lack the time to conduct thorough research. Instead of venturing into hard facts or heated debates, most opted to focus on the personal and the emotional. For the personal, they relied on stories told by living witnesses and participants. For the emotional, they tapped into the cultural environment as well as their peers to determine appropriate feelings and moral tones. Professional norms compelled them to find new angles for old news and package the stories in ways that would engage and attract their audience. All of these factors shape how journalists tell the stories about the past; these stories in turn become new resources in the ‘inventory’ of collective memories.

scholarly journals MATERIAL/HISTORIC REALITY: CATCHING THE TRANSFORMATION. FROM A CASE OF APPLIED RESEARCH TO THE TRANS-DISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO PRESERVE ARCHITECTURE

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-5/W1 ◽  
pp. 543-549
Author(s):  
A. Aveta ◽  
B. G. Marino ◽  
R. Amore
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Hermeneutic Circle ◽  
Knowledge Process ◽  
Survey Techniques ◽  
The Past ◽  
Critical Interpretation

The present paper aims at dealing with some issues of knowledge of the architectural heritage. Given the increasing use of the innovative technologies in the field of the cultural heritage it is important to focus on their usefulness and potentialities in order to the conservation project management. The role of the new survey techniques and the accurate representations of the dimensional, structural and material consistency of the historic buildings and their context is mandatory and can influence the restoration choices. Starting from a recent applied research concerning a significant and symbolic monument of Naples, Castel Nuovo, the paper intends to highlight not only the importance of the integration of the specialist surveys, but also the role of the critical interpretation. The results of the different disciplines involved in the knowledge process have to be evaluated critically in view of the conservation of the tangible and intangible values. Furthermore, catching the complexity of architecture of the past depends on the capacity to maintain a close and constant contactwith the building physicality and also on a complex methodology which is inclusive of new interpretative instruments which could increase a virtuous hermeneutic circle.

Guest Editorial

1994 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 442
Author(s):  
Jeremy Kilpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Guest Editorial ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
The Past

The proactive versus the reactive role of the JRME in mathematics education—what might that mean? Everyone knows that journals are reactive. They serve as the collective memories of a field. reacting to what is being done and attempting to preserve the best of it for today's subscribers and tomorrow's searchers. The JRMM is a repository of much of the seminal work in mathematics education over the past quarter century, and one can scarcely imagine what the field would look like had the journal not been around to react to what was happening.

scholarly journals Moving beyond the past: The role of historical closure in conflict resolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Bilewicz
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
The Past ◽  
Thick Line

This article discusses the role of historical closure in conflict resolution and reconciliation, departing from the example of the Polish Round Table negotiations in 1989. The concept of a “thick line” (“Gruba kreska” or “Schlussstrich”) was used in several historical contexts, showing the intention to detach from history when resolving pressing current societal issues. Historical evidence suggests that it was an intentionally chosen strategy by both sides taking part in the Round Table negotiations in 1989. Historical closure is known to have good consequences for building mutual trust, improving attitudes and making contact interventions more effective in improving intergroup relations. This is mostly attributed to the fact that historical crimes can have a long-standing impact on intergroup relations: past victimhood and perpetratorship lead to current grievances, denial, and mistrust. Only when these historical roles are overcome can both parties achieve any agreement. At the same time, historical closure breeds a sense of injustice among political followers and gives birth to numerous conspiracy theories. This article analyzes these problems in the Polish context and beyond.

scholarly journals Collective memory of a dissolved country: Group-based nostalgia and guilt assignment as predictors of interethnic relations between diaspora groups from former Yugoslavia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 588-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borja Martinovic ◽  
Jolanda Jetten ◽  
Anouk Smeekes ◽  
Maykel Verkuyten
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Ethnic Identification ◽  
Collective Guilt ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Conflict Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
Group Identities

In this study we examined intergroup relations between immigrants of different ethnic backgrounds (Croats, Serbs, and Bosniaks) originating from the same conflict area (former Yugoslavia) and living in the same host country (Australia). For these (formerly) conflicted groups we investigated whether interethnic contacts depended on superordinate Yugoslavian and subgroup ethnic identifications as well as two emotionally laden representations of history: Yugonostalgia (longing for Yugoslavia from the past) and collective guilt assignment for the past wrongdoings. Using unique survey data collected among Croats, Serbs and Bosniaks in Australia (N = 87), we found that Yugoslavian identification was related to stronger feelings of Yugonostalgia, and via Yugonostalgia, to relatively more contact with other subgroups from former Yugoslavia. Ethnic identification, in contrast, was related to a stronger assignment of guilt to out-group relative to in-group, and therefore, to relatively less contact with other subgroups in Australia. We discuss implications of transferring group identities and collective memories into the diaspora.

Collective Memory and the Legacy of the Troubles

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Ferguson ◽  
Donna Halliday
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Physical Identity ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
The Troubles ◽  
Identity Markers ◽  
Community Projects

This chapter discusses the transmission of collective memories of victimization in Northern Ireland to generations that did not experience the violence personally. Victim narratives are transmitted not only by family members, but also through physical identity markers in the community such as murals, memorials, graffiti, painted curbstones, flags, and parades. Through this transmission, the youth perceive a duty to remember and feel that it is now their turn to fight. The chapter discusses the role of collective memories and the more personal postmemories in contributing to a violent relapse of the conflict when new grievances trigger these memories and mobilize support for violence. However, violence is not the inevitable response to transmitted memories of collective victimization, and the chapter discusses how commemorations and community projects can challenge the transmitted collective memories, acknowledge less widely shared collective memories, and contribute to positive intergroup relations between former adversaries.

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