scholarly journals Collective memory of a dissolved country: Group-based nostalgia and guilt assignment as predictors of interethnic relations between diaspora groups from former Yugoslavia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 588-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borja Martinovic ◽  
Jolanda Jetten ◽  
Anouk Smeekes ◽  
Maykel Verkuyten
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Ethnic Identification ◽  
Collective Guilt ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Conflict Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
Group Identities

In this study we examined intergroup relations between immigrants of different ethnic backgrounds (Croats, Serbs, and Bosniaks) originating from the same conflict area (former Yugoslavia) and living in the same host country (Australia). For these (formerly) conflicted groups we investigated whether interethnic contacts depended on superordinate Yugoslavian and subgroup ethnic identifications as well as two emotionally laden representations of history: Yugonostalgia (longing for Yugoslavia from the past) and collective guilt assignment for the past wrongdoings. Using unique survey data collected among Croats, Serbs and Bosniaks in Australia (N = 87), we found that Yugoslavian identification was related to stronger feelings of Yugonostalgia, and via Yugonostalgia, to relatively more contact with other subgroups from former Yugoslavia. Ethnic identification, in contrast, was related to a stronger assignment of guilt to out-group relative to in-group, and therefore, to relatively less contact with other subgroups in Australia. We discuss implications of transferring group identities and collective memories into the diaspora.

scholarly journals The Kosovo memory book as an example of the recording of war victimisation: Methodology and importance for establishing the facts about the past, collective memory and reconciliation

Temida ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 117-133
Author(s):  
Vesna Nikolic-Ristanovic ◽  
Una Radovanovic ◽  
Milica Popovic
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
The Past ◽  
People First

The aim of this paper is the presentation and analysis of the data collection methodology and content of the first volume of the Kosovo Memory Book 1998-2000, as an example of collecting and displaying data of war victimisation from the territory of the former Yugoslavia. Analysis of the Kosovo Memory Book is done in the context of so far development of methodology of data collection about war casualities, with examination of effects that data presented in the book may have on both victims and restoring of broken relationships among people. First, it provides an overview of the methodology used and data obtained, and then the methodology and data, as well as images of conflicts that established data provide and their consequences are discussed and analyzed.

scholarly journals Collective Memories, Institutions and Law

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-21
Author(s):  
Adam Czarnota ◽  
Justyna Jezierska ◽  
Michał Stambulski
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Law ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
Short Explanation

This paper aims at explaining the concepts of collective memory, institutions, politics, law, as well as relations between them. By means of a short explanation of a network of mutual relations between these notions, we want to show how law and collective memories interact and how the relation between them is formed. At the same time, we see three modes of relations between collective memories and law: 1) past before the law, 2) memory laws and 3) law as collective memory. The first view consists in evaluating the past under a court trial. The second one in creating legal rules which promote or demand commemoration of a specific vision of the past. The third approach perceives law itself as institutionalized collective memory.

Young journalists and old news: remembering mass protests in Hong Kong

Journalism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146488492199953
Author(s):  
Donna Chu
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
The Past ◽  
Professional Norms

In this study, 20 journalists who had worked on news about the anniversaries of mass protests in Hong Kong were interviewed. Given that most had been born after the historical events being commemorated, this paper aims to understand how young journalists comprehend and cover such old news. It also uncovers the journalistic processes behind the related anniversary journalism and discusses the role of journalism in constructing collective memory. The study traced how journalists normally do their research and what they consider in the production process. We found that journalists, as with other assignments, generally lack the time to conduct thorough research. Instead of venturing into hard facts or heated debates, most opted to focus on the personal and the emotional. For the personal, they relied on stories told by living witnesses and participants. For the emotional, they tapped into the cultural environment as well as their peers to determine appropriate feelings and moral tones. Professional norms compelled them to find new angles for old news and package the stories in ways that would engage and attract their audience. All of these factors shape how journalists tell the stories about the past; these stories in turn become new resources in the ‘inventory’ of collective memories.

scholarly journals Media and History: Discourse of Historical Responsibility in a Changing World

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-77
Author(s):  
А. Буллер ◽  
А.А. Линченко
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Responsibility ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Epistemological Status ◽  
Changing World

В статье проанализированы особенности трансформации аксиологических функций медиа в отношении общественных представлений о прошлом в контексте антагонистического, космополитического и агонического проектов коллективной памяти. Обосновывается мысль, что переход от антагонистического к космополитическому типу коллективных воспоминаний в прошлом столетии и обозначившийся в начале XXI в. поворот к элементам агонического типа способствуют трансформации функций медиа и повышению их аксиологического статуса как среды развертывания дискурса исторической ответственности. Это связано с усилением роли и значения медиа в качестве инструмента конструирования самого дискурса исторической ответственности, а также инструмента демаркации различных ценностных сред обращения к прошлому и их носителей – сообществ памяти. The article deals with actual problems of the transformation of the axiological functions of media in relation to public representations of the past in the context of antagonistic, cosmopolitan and agonistic projects of collective memory. The transition from the antagonistic to the cosmopolitan type of collective memories in the last century and the turn towards elements of the agonistic type that has emerged today contribute to the transformation of media functions. This transformation is associated with the strengthening not so much of their epistemological status as their axiological status in relation to the past. The axiological status of media is associated with understanding it as a significant environment for the deployment of the discourse of historical responsibility. Modern media act as a tool for constructing the very discourse of historical responsibility, as well as a tool for demarcating various value environments of referring to the past and their carriers - communities of memory.

scholarly journals The useful past in negotiation: Adolescents' use of history in negotiation of inter-group conflict

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsafrir Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Formal Schooling ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Group Relations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Collective Narratives ◽  
The Impact

Much of the concern with young people's historical knowledge centres on factual attainment or disciplinary skills. However, relatively little attention is paid to the relevance that young people attribute to history and how they use the past, and various social representations of history, to relate to the present. Research in this realm tends to emphasize the impact of collective memory narratives on individuals, rather than individuals' agency in using them. In this article, I will examine the ways 155 Jewish and Arab Israeli adolescents related the past to the present as they discussed the Jewish–Arab conflict and its resolution. Discussants made diverse references to the past: from family history, via biblical allusions and collective memories, to formal, schooling-based historical documents. Individuals used these references to the past to negotiate the present and future of inter-group relations. Furthermore, they made strategic use of references to others' narratives. Thus historical knowledge and collective narratives, which are usually perceived as constraining and structuring learners' perceptions, can be seen as repositories of resources and affordances.

scholarly journals Collective memories and present-day intergroup relations: Introduction to the Special Thematic Section

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 694-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Figueiredo ◽  
Borja Martinovic ◽  
Jonas Rees ◽  
Laurent Licata
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Intergroup Dynamics ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
Psychological Correlates ◽  
Thematic Section

This special thematic section aims to bring together current research on the connections between collective memories – or representations of history – and present-day intergroup relations. Drawing from a multitude of geographical and historical contexts as well as different methodologies, we bring forth ten articles focusing on distinct aspects of the relations between representations of the past and present day intergroup dynamics. The topics covered in these articles focus on one or more of the four research lines identified within this field: 1) the antecedents of collective memories; 2) the contents and structure of collective memories; 3) the official or institutional transmission of collective memories; and 4) distinct socio-psychological correlates of collective memories in present-day societies. Together, the contributions in this special thematic section showcase current directions of research within the field and highlight the need to consider the role of representations of the past for understanding present day instances of intergroup conflict or harmony. We discuss the need for more interdisciplinary work in this field, as well as more applied research in the future.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Study of Advantages and Disadvantages of Website Preservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Rattahpinnusa Haresariu Handisa
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Advance Technology ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Special Events ◽  
Potential Challenge

Background of the study: website preservation should be explored due to several reasons. First, the theme website preservation is classified into a new field so there is a limited number of scientific articles discussing to this topic; Second, website preservation is not an easy task  due to its potential challenge. Third, preserving website is an efford to maintain accestability to beneficial resources for future generations. Purpose: This paper will explore benefits and drawbacks in preserving websites. It also discuss problem and solution during website preservation process. The result of discussion will benefit for library manager to formulate an accurate policy on how to maintain accessibility of library’s website. Method: Reviewing literature is an analyses method in this paper Findings:  Findings shows that website preservation has a lot of benefits rather than its drawbacks. The website preservation will support humanities researchers to collective memories to special events or importance person in the past; the website preservation assures accesstability to heritage data and it offers opportunity  for library to collaborate in developing heritage database. Conclusion: Website preservation will have a lot of benefits rather than drawbacks. Library will be able to develop collective memory for future generations by preserving website contents. In addition, the website preservation also offers efficiency in collecting and managing metadata due to its advance technology.

(Induced) Forgetting to form a collective memory

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles B Stone ◽  
William Hirst
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Individual Memory ◽  
Induced Forgetting

How communities forge collective memories has been a topic of long-standing interest among social scientists and, more recently, psychologists. However, researchers have typically focused on how what is overtly remembered becomes collectively remembered. Recently, though, Stone and colleagues have delineated different types of silence and their influence on how individuals and groups remember the past, what they termed, mnemonic silence. Here we focus on the importance of relatedness in understanding the mnemonic consequences of public silence. We begin by describing two common means of investigating collective memories: the social construction approach and the psychological approach. We subsequently discuss in detail a psychological paradigm, retrieval-induced forgetting, and demonstrate how this initially individual memory paradigm can and has been extended to social contexts in the form of public silence and may provide insights into larger sociological phenomenon, in our case, collective memories. We conclude by discussing avenues of future research and the benefits of including a psychological perspective in the field of collective memory.

Unexpected Support for European Integration: Memory, Rupture, and Totalitarianism in Arendt's Political Theory

2014 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Verovšek
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Political Communities

AbstractCollective memory is an important source of social stability, allowing human beings and political communities to integrate new experiences into existing narrative frameworks. In addition to sustaining individual and group identities, remembrance can also maintain cycles of hatred. Building on Arendt's political theory, I present an alternative interpretation of memory as a resource for political change following historical ruptures. This constructive reading focuses on the ability of communities to create new futures out of the shattered pieces of the past. For Arendt, the experience of totalitarianism was a caesura that made nationalist histories, and the nation-state that came with these interpretations of the past, untenable. Following such breaks, communities must reconstruct the past into new narratives. Arendt's unexpected early support for European integration—despite its supranational, technocratic, and economistic qualities—is an example of how memory can function as a resource for political transformation in the aftermath of historical ruptures.

scholarly journals Editorial

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Dynamic Memory ◽  
The Past ◽  
Contemporary Media ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Many ◽  
Memory Practices ◽  
The Way

The medium television has been accused of being amnesiac or a producer of forgetfulness. However, researchers have discovered the many ways the mass media, including television, transform memories and affect not only the way societies remember, but also the way memories must be studied and conceptualized. Collective memories are often seen as institutionalized memories, which we can analyse through official manifestations such as ceremonies, monuments, or even major television programmes. While the texts presented in this issue do not deal with the theory of collective memory, they will suggest various ways of conceptualizing memories, not at the stable, “hard” level of institutions, museums, monuments, but rather at the level of more dynamic memory practices that take place in the contemporary media landscape as an ongoing, active and performative engagement with the past.

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