scholarly journals Procedural Aspects of the Work of Land and Castle Courts in Samogitia (1600–1630)

Lituanistica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius Vilimas
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Court Case ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
University Library ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy

Juridical culture of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania is a multi-faceted phenomenon in the life of a “nation of nobles” of that time and it needs to be examined on a broader scale. In addition to other collections, the main part of a set of historical sources is stored at the Manuscript Department of the Vilnius University Library. Seventy-four manuscript books of Samogitian courts (1600–1630) have survived to the present time: two books of castle courts and 72 books of land courts. If the books of castle courts serve as an example of just a fragmentary activity, the books of the land courts are highly multisided and represent diverse aspects of the life of the nobles. The books of the land court of Samogitia of that period are divided into the groups of court acts (series A) and the court cases (series B). For the research into juridical culture, the books of the court case group, of which there are 47 units and which are further subdivided into the subgroups of proceedings and currents affairs, are of the greater interest. The Samogitian court books offer a sufficient basis of sources for the examination of the judicial culture of the nobility at the beginning of the seventeen century. It is therefore highly likely that research will be productive and will reveal intriguing shifts in the mentality of the Samogitian nobles.

scholarly journals Judicial Culture at the Courts of Samogitia in the Early Seventeenth Century. Formulating a Problem. An Overview of the Manuscript Court Books (1600–1630)

Lituanistica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius Vilimas
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Court Case ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Current Affairs ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy

Research into juridical culture of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania has not been sufficiently addressed in general, and the Duchy of Samogitia at the end of the seventeenth century is not an exception in this context. Juridical culture is a multi-faceted phenomenon in the life of “a nation of nobles” of that time, and it needs to be examined on a broader scale. In addition to other collections, the main part of the set of historical sources consists of the manuscript books of Samogitian castle and land courts kept in Collection No. 7 of the Manuscript Department of the Vilnius University Library. Seventy-four manuscript books of Samogitian courts (1600–1630) have survived to the present time: two books of castle courts and 72 books of land courts. If the books of the castle court serve as an example of just a fragmentary activity, the books of the land court are highly multisided and represent diverse aspects of the life of the nobles. The books of the land court of Samogitia of that period are divided into the groups of court acts (series A) and of court cases (series B). For the research into juridical culture, the books of the court case group, of which there are 47 units and which are further subdivided into the subgroups of proceedings and current affairs, are of greater interest. Along with the collections of the noble families kept in a number of libraries and archives in Lithuania and abroad, the Samogitian court books offer a sufficient basis of sources for the examination of the juridical culture of the nobility at the beginning of the seventeenth century. It is therefore highly likely that the research will be productive and will reveal intriguing shifts in the mentality of the nobles. Meanwhile, the present paper is an introduction to a broader research problem.

scholarly journals Letters of Remigian Korwin Kossakowski (Remigijus Korvin Kosakovskis 1730–1780) in the Vilnius University Library

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-51
Author(s):  
Veronika Girininkaitė
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Royal Academy ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
University Library ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Grand Duchy

In this article it is aimed to tell about a person, which was unduly forgotten in the history of the Vilnius University, though among his other activities, he did a lot to support and help the astronomers, coming to Paris and London from Vilnius. A former jesuit, talented preacher, professor of Rhetorics and other disciplines in Vilnius academy, Remigian Korwin Kossakowski (1730–1780) wrote a lot of letters to Vilnius (and perhaps to Warsaw too), from 1774 on, while working in Paris as the representative of the National Comission of Education of the Commonwealth of Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The letters which are kept in Vilnius university library, mainly addressed to the astronomers Marcin Poczobut and Andrzej Strzecki (1737–1797) are mainly connected with the scientific journey of Strzecki in 1778 to Paris and London and the circumstances of election of Poczobut as a member of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris. Letters are filled with digressions, reminding of gawenda literary genre, providing the researcher with data on the details of everyday life in the second half of XVIII century, political and ideological views of the addressee, his nostalgy for the Grand Duchy and Poland and his exceptional gift of expressing his feelings. The style of these letters show us that the human who wrote them was well educated, highly critical, curious and well-spoken, and the contents testify the not so well known side of the history of science relations between Vilnius, Warsaw and Paris.

scholarly journals Viduramžių Vilniaus universiteto teismas pasaulietinės ir bažnytinės jurisdikcijos atskyrimo kontekstu

Teisė ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Jevgenij Machovenko
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy ◽  
The Middle Ages

Straipsnyje nušviečiamos viduramžių Vilniaus universiteto teismo įsteigimo aplinkybės, aptariama jo sudėtis ir kompetencija. Autorius siūlo skaitytojams naują problemos viziją, būtent aptaria Vilniaus uni­versiteto teismą LDK bajorijos ir dvasininkijos kovos už pasaulietinės ir bažnytinės jurisdikcijos atskyrimą kontekstu. Užsibrėžtam tikslui pasiekti panaudota faktologinė medžiaga, surasta istorijos šaltiniuose ir mokslo darbuose. In the article on basis of published historical sources and research papers the author aspires to eluci­date a structure and competence of the court of Vilnius University in the Middle Ages. The author believes that this problem can be viewed through the prism of struggle for delimitation of competence of secular and spiritual courts in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. This aspect is not considered in the known scientific studies.

Manuscript Catalogs and Inventories of Books from the Lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania – Some Problems of Publishing Rules

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 107-121
Author(s):  
Lilia Kowkiel ◽  
Arvydas Pacevičius ◽  
Iwona Pietrzkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Digital Form ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy ◽  
Book Culture

Historians and publishers of historical sources have a lot of problems with the texts written in different languages and alphabets, which were created at different times, in the multilingual areas inhabited by many nations following different religions. The historians of book culture have the same problems with texts of inventories and catalogues of books, which are the primary source of knowledge about the content of libraries. At present it’s also important the historical texts to be published in the digital form. This article is a part of the discussion on this very important subject.

scholarly journals The Image of Lithuania in English Publications in the 17th Century

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-118
Author(s):  
Gintautas Sliesoriūnas
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Related Issue ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
English Society ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy ◽  
West European

In the 17th century, as contacts between citizens of England, which was gaining increasing importance in Europe, and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL) intensified, the phenomenon of the image of Lithuania in English and Scottish societies, as well as the level of their knowledge about the GDL, became more important. The issue of mentioning Lithuania in West European historical sources and the related issue of the image of Lithuania in the region in the 16th–17th centuries has already been analysed in Lithuania, albeit not thoroughly enough. However, the question of the image of Lithuania in English publications in the 17th–18th centuries still requires more detailed analysis. This article discusses Lithuania-related facts that could have been familiar not only to the narrow circle of people that were in close contact with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, but also to wider well-read English and Scottish society. The few educated members of English society who had an interest in learning more about Lithuania had access to publications in various languages published in different countries. However, this article dwells almost exclusively on publications in the English language dating from the 17th century that facilitated the rendering of knowledge and opinions about Lithuania to a much wider circle of people who read in the English language.

scholarly journals Transformation of Dominican Architectural Heritage in the Years of Tsarist Russian Occupation

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-34
Author(s):  
Žygimantas Buržinskas ◽  
Vytautas Levandauskas
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Church Organization ◽  
Dominican Order ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy

SummaryThis article presents the heritage of the Dominican Order, which underwent the biggest transformation and destruction in Lithuania during the occupation by tsarist Russia. After the uprisings against the tsarist Russian government in the region in 1831 and 1863–1864, a Russification policy began, primarily targeted against the Catholic Church organization. The Dominican Order, which renewed its activities and had been purposefully operating in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania since the beginning of the 16th century, was liquidated during the occupation by tsarist Russia. This article studies the original appearances of Aukštadvaris, Kaunas, Merkinė and Paparčiai monasteries, which were most affected by reconstruction and demolition works during the Russian occupation, and reconstructions of their original appearance are presented. The architectural expression of all the monasteries in question suffered the most after the uprising in 1863–1864. In Aukštadvaris and Kaunas old convent churches were reconstructed into Orthodox churches by changing their old architecture, destroying individual elements of the building volume and decoration. Russian-Neo-Byzantine style promoted in the Russian Empire emerged in this context. The buildings of Merkinė and Paparčiai monasteries were completely demolished. Based on the iconographic material, especially the drawings and plans of the buildings made before the reconstruction or demolition works as well as visitations of the monasteries and material of other historical sources, the visualizations of the Aukštadvaris, Kaunas and Merkinė monastery complexes were prepared using modern means.

scholarly journals Kitabistyka: źródła, metodologia i perspektywy badawcze

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-124
Author(s):  
Czesław Łapicz
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy ◽  
Oriental Language

The paper contains a synthetic discussion of original and little known philological manuscripts which had been created since the 16th century by Tatars – Muslims of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania – as characteristic Slavic aljamiado. The preserved manuscripts in which Slavic languages – Polish and Belarusian – were recorded in the Arabic alphabet are enormously important for the history of both languages and the Slavic-Oriental language relations. Various types of these historical texts (kitabs, chamails, tajweeds, etc.) contain the first, that is the oldest (16th century), translation of the Quran into a Slavic language (Polish) recorded in the Arabic alphabet (so-called tafsir). These sources are studied within the framework of an original philological sub-discipline of Kitab Studies whose origin and development should be credited to Professor Anton Antonovich from Vilnius University. The author of the paper discusses the research methodology pertaining to these sources, particularly the transliteration of Slavic texts recorded in the Arabic alphabet into the Latin alphabet, and introduces prospective major research tasks for Kitab Studies.

scholarly journals The development of Turkic studies at Vilnius University

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 209-223
Author(s):  
Galina Miškinienė
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
The University ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Grand Duchy

Institute of the Lithuanian Language At the beginning of the 19th century, the financial possibility to establish a department of Eastern languages at one of the oldest universities in Eastern Europe, Vilnius University, appeared. Turkish was among the Eastern languages that were expected to be taught. The intensive preparation of lecturers was started. Unfortunately, the ambitious plans were destined to never become reality; in 1832 the university was closed. Nevertheless, over the following two centuries the Turkic direction did not disappear; in one form or another it surfaced and retained its vitality. There was a sympathetic environment: Tartars and Karaims—both Turkic ethnic groups—began settling in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 14th century. Vilnius University was the cradle of many famous Orientalists who maintained Turkic research by their activities. In such a way, two main research subjects appeared: Kitabistik and the Karaim language. In this article, the origin problems, development and prospects of Turkic research will be examined.

scholarly journals The Career of the Doctor of Medicine and Philosophy Stefano Lorenzo Bisio in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Ramonaitė
Keyword(s):  
Academic Medicine ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Work Relations ◽  
Private Physician ◽  
Academic Activities ◽  
Medicine And Philosophy ◽  
Entire Career ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy

The doctor of medicine and philosophy Stefano Lorenzo Bisio (1724–1800?) worked in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania between 1762/3 and 1787. During this quarter of a century, he earned renown as a private physician to magnates, an innovator in the science of medicine, and as one of the founders of academic medicine in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Regardless of this, only one of the last stages of Bisio’s career has received much attention in historiography so far, his becoming the first head of the College of Medicine, established at Vilnius University in 1781. In this article, I seek to give as comprehensive as possible a presentation of Bisio’s entire career in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, discussing thoroughly his academic activities and achievements. Through these achievements, I hope to show that he was one of the first to apply West European anatomical, pathological and clinical medical knowledge from the Age of Enlightenment, which itself was undergoing qualitative breakthroughs, in the GDL. In the article, I also correct and present new biographical facts about S.L. Bisio, his birth and death dates, work and education placesfamily, and work relations.

scholarly journals Pogezanian lieges in the State of Teutonic Order in 1261–1370

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.А. Денисов
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
The State ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy ◽  
Group 1

Статья посвящена инкорпорированию жителей Погезании, одной из за- падных прусских земель, в орденскую систему ленного землевладения в 1261–1370 гг. Основную часть ленников (173 из 176 персон) составили лица, обязанные нести во- енную службу и платить налог (группа 1) или освобожденные от податей (группа 2). Рост их численности был связан с потребностями Ордена в военной силе и доходах от земельной собственности для борьбы с Великим Литовским княжеством за поли- тическое лидерство в Юго-Восточной Прибалтике. The article deals with the incorporation of inhabitants of Pogezania one of the western Prussian lands, into the Order’s system of fi ef land ownership in 1261–1370. The main part of lieges (173 from 176 persons) consisted of individuals, who were obliged to keep military service and to pay taxes (group 1) or free from any payment (group 2). The growth of their number was caused by needs of Order in military force and incomes from the land estates for the struggle with Grand Duchy of Lithuania for the leadership in South-East of Baltic region.

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