HSR19-102: Direct and Indirect Economic Burden of Cervical Cancer (CxCa) in the United States in 2015: A Mixed-Methods Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3.5) ◽  
pp. HSR19-102
Author(s):  
Chizoba Nwankwo ◽  
Shelby L. Corman ◽  
Ruchit Shah ◽  
Youngmin Kwon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Early Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Productivity Costs ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs ◽  
Lost Productivity

Background: An estimated 12,820 women in the United States will be diagnosed with CxCa in 2018, with 4,210 deaths from the disease. The economic burden of CxCa, both in terms of healthcare costs and lost productivity, has not been adequately studied. Methods: This was a mixed-methods study that evaluated the direct and indirect costs of CxCa using data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) for prevalent CxCa cases and the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) for deaths due to CxCa. Total healthcare costs and number of work days missed were compared between CxCa cases and controls in MEPS, using propensity scores calculated from baseline demographics and comorbidities. Missed work was converted to costs using the average hourly wage for women in 2015. Per-patient incremental healthcare and lost work productivity costs were then multiplied by the number of prevalent cases of CxCa in 2015 obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER). NCHS data on the age-stratified number of CxCa deaths per year (1935–2015) and life expectancy data from the Social Security Administration were then used to calcluate the number of women who would be alive in 2015 if they had not died from CxCa and the lost earnings resulting from early mortality. The primary study outcome was the total direct and indirect cost of CxCa in 2015, calculated as the sum of the incremental direct healthcare costs, incremental lost productivity costs due to missed work, and lost productivity costs resulting from early death due to CxCa. Results: An estimated 257,524 women were alive with CxCa in 2015. Total healthcare costs were $4,221 higher, and an additional 0.37 work days were missed in women with CxCa compared to propensity-matched controls. Of the 488,475 women who died of CxCa prior to 2015, 108,832 would be alive in 2015 and 38,540 would be part of the workforce. Lost earnings in 2015 attributable to these deaths totaled $2.19 billion. The total economic burden of CxCa in the United States in 2015 was thus estimated at $3.3 billion (Table 1). Conclusions: CxCa was responsible for nearly $3.3 billion in direct and indirect costs in 2015. Early death among women with CxCa was the biggest driver of total economic burden.

Direct and indirect costs associated with epileptic partial onset seizures among the privately insured in the United States

Epilepsia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 838-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmina I. Ivanova ◽  
Howard G. Birnbaum ◽  
Yohanne Kidolezi ◽  
Ying Qiu ◽  
David Mallett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs ◽  
Privately Insured

The Economic Burden of Cancer in the United States

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Robin Yabroff ◽  
Gery P. Guy ◽  
Matthew P. Banegas ◽  
Donatus U. Ekwueme
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Initial Care ◽  
Pain And Suffering ◽  
Care Costs

With an aging and growing population and improved early detection and survival following diagnosis in the United States, the number of cancer survivors and prevalence of survivorship are expected to increase. Based on population trends, national expenditures for cancer care are projected to increase from $124.6 billion in 2010 to $157.8 billion in 2020. This chapter describes the economic burden of cancer, including direct costs, resulting from the use of resources for medical care for cancer; indirect costs, resulting from the loss of economic resources and opportunities associated with morbidity and mortality due to cancer and its treatment; and psychosocial or intangible costs, such as pain and suffering. Consistent with the intensity of treatment for initial care, recurrence, and end-of-life care, costs are highest in the initial period following diagnosis and, among patients who die from their disease, at the end of life, following a U-shaped curve.

scholarly journals Burden of illness: direct and indirect costs among persons with hemophilia A in the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 457-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-Yi Zhou ◽  
Marion A. Koerper ◽  
Kathleen A. Johnson ◽  
Brenda Riske ◽  
Judith R. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hemophilia A ◽  
Burden Of Illness ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs

scholarly journals Economic burden of Huntington’s disease in Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Silva-Paredes ◽  
Rosa M. Urbanos-Garrido ◽  
Miguel Inca-Martinez ◽  
Danielle Rabinowitz ◽  
Mario R. Cornejo-Olivas
Keyword(s):  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs

Abstract Background Huntington’s disease (HD) is a devastating and fatal neurodegenerative disorder that leads to progressive disability, and over time to total dependence. The economic impact of HD on patients living in developing countries like Peru is still unknown. This study aims to estimate the economic burden by estimating direct and indirect costs of Huntington’s disease in Peru, as well as the proportion of direct costs borne by patients and their families. Methods Disease-cost cross-sectional study where 97 participants and their primary caregivers were interviewed using a common questionnaire. Prevalence and human capital approaches were used to estimate direct and indirect costs, respectively. Results The average annual cost of HD reached USD 8120 per patient in 2015. Direct non-healthcare costs represented 78.3% of total cost, indirect costs 14.4% and direct healthcare costs the remaining 7.3%. The mean cost of HD increased with the degree of patient dependency: from USD 6572 for Barthel 4 & 5 (slight dependency and total independency, respectively) to USD 23,251 for Barthel 1 (total dependency). Direct costs were primarily financed by patients and their families. Conclusions The estimated annual cost of HD for Peruvian society reached USD 1.2 million in 2015. The cost impact of HD on patients and their families is very high, becoming catastrophic for most dependent patients, and thus making it essential to prioritize full coverage by the State.

Abstract 229: Economic Burden of Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism for Employees and Employers

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L Page ◽  
Vahram Ghushchyan ◽  
Brian Gifford ◽  
Richard R Allen ◽  
Monika Raut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Burden Of Illness ◽  
Productivity Costs ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Out Of Pocket Costs

Introduction: Though, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) impose a major burden on US healthcare system, limited data exists on the economic impact of DVT and PE on younger working population. DVT, which occurs in approximately 1 in every 1,000 adults every year, is estimated to cost between $5-8 billion annually or on average $20,000 per treated patient per year. PE occurs in 0.6 million patients annually and results in 50,000 to 200,000 deaths every year. This study examined the total burden of illness, including the direct and indirect healthcare costs to employers and employees with DVT and PE. Methods: Retrospective analyses from 2007-2010 were performed using two datasets: (1) Integrated Benefits Institute’s Health and Productivity Benchmarking Database was used for short-term disability (STD) and long term disability (LTD) claims, and (2) IMS LifeLink data was used for medical and pharmacy claims. Indirect costs analyses included costs of lost work days from STD and LTD claims and wage replacement costs. Direct costs included annual pharmacy and medical claims for newly diagnosed DVT and/or PE individuals. Total healthcare cost estimates between the two datasets were linked by derived age and gender analytic weights. Results: 5,445 (female=54%) and 6,199 (female=50%) disability claims were filed for DVT and PE, respectively. Employees with DVT lost on average 57 (SEM 4.6) STD and 440 (SEM 30.5) LTD days per disability incident. For employers, estimated lost productivity costs per DVT claim were STD=$7,414±625 and LTD= $58,181±4,332. Total annual DVT healthcare costs per employee including out of pocket costs were $2,449 + 106 with $2,160±102 for annual medical and $290 ±20 for total pharmacy costs. Employees with PE lost on average 56 (SEM 3.0) STD and 364 (SEM 26.1) LTD days per disability incident. For employers, the estimated lost productivity costs per PE claim for STD and LTD were $7,605±402 and $48,751±3,615, respectively. Total annual PE healthcare costs per employee including out of pocket costs were $5,040 + 460 with $4,851±457 for annual medical and $190 ±22 for total pharmacy costs. Hospitalizations accounted for 84% of total annual PE health costs. Conclusion: DVT and PE constitute a heavy economic and lost productivity burden for both employers and their employees. Direct and disability costs to employees are substantial. Productivity losses for employers are also significantly high. Appropriate management of DVT and PE may help improve lost days from work, reduce healthcare resource utilization, improve workforce productivity, and reduce total economic burden.

Primer on Depression

Depression ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Madhukar H. Trivedi ◽  
Tracy L. Greer ◽  
Taryn L. Mayes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs ◽  
Parental Roles ◽  
Episodic Nature ◽  
The Right

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious, debilitating, life-shortening illness that affects many persons of all ages and backgrounds. The point prevalence of MDD is high (2.3–3.2% in men; 4.5–9.3% in women) and the lifetime risk for MDD is 7% to 12% for men and 20% to 25% for women. MDD is a disabling disorder that costs the United States over $200 billion per year in direct and indirect costs. Depression also has detrimental effects on all aspects of social functioning (e.g., self-care, social role, and family life, including household, marital, kinship, and parental roles). While there have been several treatments that are efficacious, many individuals suffering from depression experience lifelong challenges due to the often chronic and episodic nature of the disease. Identifying strategies to find the right treatments for the right patients is critical.

Direct and Indirect Costs of Pain Therapy for Osteoarthritis in an Insured Population in the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 998-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan G. White ◽  
Howard G. Birnbaum ◽  
Carmela Janagap ◽  
Sharon Buteau ◽  
Jeff Schein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pain Therapy ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs

scholarly journals The projected economic and health burden of uncontrolled asthma in the United States

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Yaghoubi ◽  
Amin Adibi ◽  
Abdollah Safari ◽  
J Mark FitzGerald ◽  
Mohsen Sadatsafavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Suboptimal Control ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Life Years

AbstractRationaleDespite effective treatments, a large proportion of asthma patients do not achieve sustained asthma control. The ‘preventable’ burden associated with lack of proper control is likely taking a high toll at the population level.ObjectiveWe predicted the future health and economic burden of uncontrolled asthma among American adults for the next 20 years.MethodsWe built a probabilistic model that linked state-specific estimates of population growth, asthma prevalence rates, and distribution of asthma control levels. We conducted several meta-analyses to estimate the adjusted differences in healthcare resource use, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and productivity loss across control levels. We projected, nationally and at the state-level, total direct and indirect costs (in 2018 USD) and QALYs lost due to uncontrolled asthma from 2019 to 2038 in the United States.Measurements and Main ResultsOver the next 20 years, the total undiscounted direct costs associated with suboptimal asthma control will be $300.6 billion (95% confidence interval [CI] $190.1 – $411.1). When indirect costs are added, total economic burden will be $963.5 billion (95%CI $664.1 – $1,262.9). American adolescents and adults will lose 15.46 million (95%CI 12.77 million – 18.14 million) QALYs over this period due to suboptimal control of asthma. In state-level analysis, the average 20-year per-capita costs due to uncontrolled asthma ranged from $2,209 (Arkansas) to $6,132 (Connecticut).ConclusionThe burden of uncontrolled asthma will continue to grow for the next twenty years. Strategies towards better management of asthma may be associated with substantial return on investment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document