Remission in Gout: Concepts From a Patient Perspective

Any human who has ever experienced an acute gout flare understands how painful and debilitating this condition is. Unfortunately, due to the episodic nature of these acute flares that occur randomly due to transient fluctuations in urate levels, patients often underreport these attacks.

Proximity hype as a frame attribute in the reporting on North Korea: Frame strength in competitive contexts

This study analyses generic frames exhibiting varying strength when in a competitive context in an effort to identify the most recurring and repeated patterns and schemata in the framing of global news. The two-level analysis revealed six recurring attributes (official and/or credible sources, repetition, journalistic lexical bias, proximity hype, episodic nature of frame and negativity bias) that are believed to encompass frames and influence their power of persuasiveness. Special focus is placed on proximity hype with its three dominant angles recurring in the publications, which implies a common use of this aspect in the framing of news content.

Sepsis or sympathetics? Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after pontine stroke

A 64-year-old man from nursing home with a pontine stroke 3 months ago, ventilator-dependent, presented with episodic fever, tachycardia and tachypnoea occurring several times a day. He was evaluated for sepsis and pulmonary embolism and was treated empirically with broad-spectrum antibiotics. But these episodes persisted. Due to the episodic nature and typical symptoms of sympathetic overactivity, in the setting of prior brain injury, paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity was considered. His antibiotics were discontinued, and he was treated symptomatically with baclofen and bromocriptine, which resulted in a partial reduction of these episodes.

Giving Away the Game – Scattershot Notes on Social Class and Other Afflictions

One of my earliest jobs was driving for an unregulated car service in New York. In the days before Uber they were called ‘gypsy cabs.’ One night I found myself on the business end of a revolver. Telling the tale to my dispatcher next day, he was staggeringly nonplussed. ‘Ya gotta put up with a lot,’ he said, ‘when you’re tryin’ t’ get ahead.’ ‘Yeah,’ I replied, disgusted, ‘even gettin’ your head blown off.’ Some time later, another driver, an African-American in a similar scenario, didn’t make it, emphasizing how much higher the stakes for a person of color. These are the real wages of work, I thought, and the rules of the game. My dispatcher’s nonchalance bespoke how invested in the game he was; in a set of beliefs, assumptions, and animating myths that keep the wheel of fortune going. Like the Monty Python skit about the collapsing tower, if too few invest in those myths, the entire edifice crumbles. The following is a personal essay that attempts to navigate the game’s parameters - social class, aspiration, and its attendant neurosis - and the myths that animate such notions as ‘getting ahead,’ ‘climbing the ladder,’ and the ‘American Dream,’ my country’s main (ideological) export. The approach is less theory-driven than empirical, phenomenological. Hence the numbered sections, a style popularized by Wittgenstein, Herbert Read and others. Here it doesn’t represent chronology so much as the elusive, episodic nature of the beast.

Deals and development in fragile and conflict-affected states: Framework and policy guidebook

This framework utilizes business interests and the distribution of political power to understand the episodic nature of economic growth in fragile and conflict-affected states. Conflict, state capacity, and legitimacy are analysed alongside the business environment and structural transformation to explain when growth episodes arise and when those growth episodes have positive, or negative, feedback on the country’s political economy and state fragility. The guidebook is designed to help advisers working with development agencies to analyse country context and design interventions with the goal of enabling positive growth episodes that reduce fragility.

From Courtesan to Saint

This essay analyzes the viceregal Mexican artist Juan Correa’s painting The Conversion of St. Mary Magdalene, from the late seventeenth century. A depiction of a woman explicitly displaying traits of her sensuality and sexuality in a Mexican viceregal artwork, the painting visually conveys symbolic embodiments of the feminine condition. These embodiments refer to religious penitence, self-reflection, mysticism, and the vita contemplativa. Moreover, I examine the episodic nature of the painting, associating it with feminine devotional practices. The painting’s pictorial configuration apparently relates to the Jesuit theological tradition, specifically to the spatial and embodied representations expressed in the engravings contained in the Adnotationes et meditationes in evangelia (1595), by Jerónimo Nadal. The essay underscores how Correa represented, spatially, a series of notions related to feminine affections, sensibilities, religiosity, and spirituality. Finally, this investigation puts forward the thesis that the painting, as an artifact, prompted devotional prayer, fostering notions such as penitence and self-reflection, and aiming to help its worshippers achieve reformatio or spiritual conversion.

Electrocatalysts for Using Renewably-Sourced, Organic Electrolytes for Redox Flow Batteries

Biomass could be a source of the redox shuttles that have shown promise for operation as high potential, organic electrolytes for redox flow batteries. There is a sufficient quantity of biomass to satisfy the growing demand to buffer the episodic nature of renewably produced electricity. However, despite a century of effort, it is still not evident how to use existing information from organic electrochemistry to design the electrocatalysts or supporting electrolytes that will confer the required activity, selectivity and longevity. In this research, the use of a fiducial reaction to normalize reaction rates is shown to fail.

Value-legal aspects of providing legal protection of rights to trademark in Ukraine

The paper reveals the relevance of scientific knowledge of the value and legal aspects of understanding the signs for goods and services as a basis for legal support of rights to them. The philosophical and scientific basis of scientific research of value-legal aspects of understanding of signs for goods and services is established. The scientific views of scientists concerning understanding of value and legal aspects of signs for the goods and services are generalized. It is concluded that the current state of scientific development of axiology of understanding of signs for goods and services indicates the episodic nature of these studies, as the scientific study of these issues was carried out indirectly through scientific analysis of other related legal phenomena and processes. The author summarizes the methodological potential of the valuelegal approach to the understanding of signs for goods and services. Based on the analysis of doctrinal approaches to understanding the value and legal aspects of marks for goods and services, the value and legal aspects of legal protection of rights to marks for goods and services in Ukraine are determined. It is concluded that the essence and content of legal protection of trademark rights for goods and services will be determined by the functional purpose of the brands themselves, which in turn will characterize the value of legal protection of trademarks as a whole. The legal protection of trademark rights for goods and services has a guarantee value in relation to the latter in terms of their ability to individualize goods and services through their separation among homogeneous goods and services on the market. It is proved that the legal protection of trademark rights for goods and services allows their public distribution and advertising of goods and services.

Archaean S-Type granites: petrology, geochemistry and geochronology of the Lekkersmaak and Willie plutons, Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa

S-type granites correspond to reworking of pre-existing continental material and form by partial melting of (meta)sediments. Early-to-mid Archaean S-type granites are rare and are more frequently found, usually as relatively small intrusions, during the Neoarchaean and the Archaean-Proterozoic transition. In the context of Archaean geology, their paucity is therefore significant, in that it matches the uncommon nature of processes during this period. In this study, we focus on the Late Mesoarchaean Willie pluton and Neoarchaean Lekkersmaak pluton, which crop out to the south of the Murchison Greenstone Belt in the Northern Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa. These intrusions represent the oldest S-type plutons known so far in the region. We constrain their petrogenesis by documenting their petrology, mineralogy (mineral composition), geochemistry (major and trace elements, Sr, Nd and O isotopes) and zircon U-Pb geochronology. The large Lekkersmaak and smaller Willie plutons represent two granites sharing many geochemical characteristics; they are both peraluminous, Ms-bearing S-type granites although they are more sodic and less potassic than typical S-type granites. The Willie granite was emplaced 2 816 ± 9 Ma ago while the Lekkersmaak yielded an emplacement age of 2 771 ± 2 Ma. Therefore, S-Type magmatism in the area occurred twice at 2.82 Ga and then 40 Myr later at 2.77 Ga, involving comparable immature metasedimentary sources and conditions of partial melting. Finally, a sample from the Lekkersmaak pluton devoid of S-type features as it is muscovite-free and aluminum poor was emplaced 2 734 ± 11 Ma ago. This confirms the episodic nature of magmatic activity south of the Murchison Greenstone Belt.

A Qualitative Study of Fitness Coaches’ Experiences in Community Based Exercise with People Living with HIV

Fitness coaches need to understand the needs of people living with HIV engaged in community-based exercise (CBE) to be competent in developing exercises programs with this population. Our aim was to understand coaches’ experiences engaging in a CBE intervention with PLWH in an urban center in Canada. As part of a broader study, coaches supervised weekly hour-long individualized exercise sessions with PLWH over a six-month period. Using qualitative longitudinal methods, we interviewed coaches up to three times over six months. Transcribed interviews were analyzed cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Seven coaches participated in 15 interviews. Developing confidence, improving health and experiencing a sense of community were viewed as key benefits to PLWH by the coaches. Challenges included accommodating the episodic nature of HIV and ensuring they felt prepared to work with PLWH. Understanding the experiences of coaches engaged in CBE can assist in tailoring exercise programs to meet the needs of PLWH.