scholarly journals Tajikistan: University Challenges and the Professoriate

2017 ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Zumrad Kataeva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Higher Education Access ◽  
Education Access ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Tajikistan's higher education sector has experienced significant challenges after the breakup of the Soviet Union followed by the civil war of 1992-1997. The situation and status of the professoriate throughout the Post-Soviet space has deteriorated, as salaries and professional development opportunities have spiraled downward. Liberalization of the economy and the promise of higher education access have led to a rise in the demand for higher education. Higher education institutions have had to hire lesser-prepared faculty as those more seasoned or talented among the professoriate left for the private sector or migrated abroad. Today, the compensation of faculty members in Tajikistan is not enough to cover living costs, forcing them to use a variety of strategies to survive. They work as translators, consultants, or private tutors. The Tajik higher education system needs to work on establishing policies and opportunities to better support the profession, especially if institutions of higher education are eager to compete in the growing global educational marketplace.

scholarly journals Tajikistan: University Challenges and the Professoriate

2017 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Zumrad Kataeva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Higher Education Access ◽  
Education Access ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Tajikistan's higher education sector has experienced significant challenges after the breakup of the Soviet Union followed by the civil war of 1992-1997. The situation and status of the professoriate throughout the Post-Soviet space has deteriorated, as salaries and professional development opportunities have spiraled downward. Liberalization of the economy and the promise of higher education access have led to a rise in the demand for higher education. Higher education institutions have had to hire lesser-prepared faculty as those more seasoned or talented among the professoriate left for the private sector or migrated abroad. Today, the compensation of faculty members in Tajikistan is not enough to cover living costs, forcing them to use a variety of strategies to survive. They work as translators, consultants, or private tutors. The Tajik higher education system needs to work on establishing policies and opportunities to better support the profession, especially if institutions of higher education are eager to compete in the growing global educational marketplace.

Overcoming Barriers to Cooperation: Territorial and Issue Neutralization as Tools of Conflict Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-149
Author(s):  
Michael O. Slobodchikoff
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Conflict Management ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Design Feature ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cooperative Relationships ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Post Soviet Space

This article investigates how states can begin to cooperate and form bilateral relationships given severe barriers to cooperation. Certain issues can prevent cooperation from occurring despite strategic interests in doing so by both states. However, if states agree to use the institutional design feature of territorial or issue neutralization, then conflict can be averted even if some of the major hindrances to cooperation remains unresolved. I examine in greater detail how both territorial and issue neutralization are used as institutional designs feature in building a cooperative bilateral relationship. Through two major case studies, the self-imposed territorial neutralization of Finland in its relations with the Soviet Union as well as issue neutralization in the relationship between Russia and Ukraine following the collapse of the Soviet Union, I am able to show that territorial and issue neutralization may be effective tools for resolving conflict in the post-Soviet space and could create cooperative relationships instead of conflictual ones.

scholarly journals One for all, each on its own: Analysing the post-Soviet system of collective security

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-110
Author(s):  
David Erkomaishvili
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Soviet System ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
Subsequent Transformation ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Security Relations ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 allowed independent states, which emerged in its place, to construct their own alignments. The choice of the case for empirical analysis had been made based on several unique characteristics. Orthodox Alliance Theory had almost never properly addressed alignments in the post-Soviet space due to the lack of access to information during the Soviet period - along with the structure of the state: only Soviet alignment policies were taken into consideration, instead of those of its constituent republics as well - and modest interest of alliance theorists in the region. Continued disintegration of the post-Soviet space, which has not stopped with the collapse of the Soviet Union but keeps fragmenting further, creates a unique setting for researching the adequacy of Alliance Theory's classic assumptions as well as developing new approaches. This work traces the development of the post-Soviet system of collective security and its subsequent transformation into a series of bilateral security relations, along with the shortfall of multilateralism.

Incarcerated Students and the Unintended Consequences of a Technology-Driven Higher Education System

2011 ◽  
pp. 258-268
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Aceves ◽  
Robert I. Aceves ◽  
Shannon Watson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
General Education ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Higher Education Access ◽  
Education Access ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Geographically Dispersed ◽  
Education Delivery ◽  
General Education Courses

This case study outlines the partnership between the Minnesota Department of Corrections and St. Cloud State University. As higher education underwent significant changes in technology and distance education delivery during the 1990s, the print-based correspondence course was rapidly being converted to online delivery, leaving offender students without higher education access or options. The university-corrections partnership created an innovative and unique program through reverse-engineering online general education courses into print-based materials. The inability to use technology to provide cost effective education to many geographically dispersed students indicates that as a society, available technologies cannot yet be trusted to provide offender access to family, education and jobs while providing safety and security for citizens. What will make programs and partnerships like this successful in the future is the openness of corrections, education, and innovative technology partners to reexamine technology’s role and allow for changes in operational procedures that can satisfy the needs of all societal stakeholders.

Religious vs secular nationhood: ‘Multiple secularities’ in post-Soviet Armenia

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Burchardt ◽  
Hovhannes Hovhannisyan
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Religious Change ◽  
Religious Nationalism ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Multiple Secularities ◽  
Cultural Defense ◽  
Post Soviet Space

This article draws on the notion of ‘cultural defense’ to examine how nationalism shapes contemporary contestations around religion and secularity in Armenia. While clearly relevant, this framework has rarely been used for the analysis of religious change in the Caucasus region as part of the broader post-Soviet space. This article fills this lacuna. Simultaneously, it moves beyond the relatively narrow interest in the degree of secularization or reinforced religious nationalism as social outcomes of cultural defense situations. Instead, we are interested in how boundaries between religion and secular spheres in society are drawn in particular ways, how the resulting religious – secular configurations have evolved since the end of the Soviet Union – of which Armenia was a part – and how concepts of nationhood and nationalist mobilizations have shaped this process.

scholarly journals Post-Soviet Heritages in the Making

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1080-1088
Author(s):  
Gertjan Plets
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Special Collection ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Sphere Of Influence ◽  
Made In ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Despite the growing interest in post-Soviet space (the countries formerly located in the Soviet Union or its sphere of influence) in the field of memory studies, researchers have only just begun to the study how ‘things and practices’ from the past are mobilized, institutionalized and repackaged in this particular part of the world. This special collection explores how heritage is being made in a highly diverse and multicultural space where Soviet modernist conceptions of culture and identity interact with local deeply rooted attitudes as well as post-Soviet economic and political challenges.

scholarly journals Higher Education Transformation, Institutional Diversity and Typology of Higher Education Institutions in Azerbaijan

2018 ◽  
pp. 97-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamlet Isakhanli ◽  
Aytaj Pashayeva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Private Higher Education ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Education Market ◽  
Higher Education Market

AbstractThe development of higher education system of Azerbaijan reflects the country’s historical transformations. The system started developing with the foundation of the first higher education institution before the establishment of the Soviet Union, expanded during the Soviets and grew into current systems of 52 institutions since independence. Institutions changed in number and nature with the entrance of private universities into the higher education market and increase in number of state universities. Three-cycle higher education was introduced and institutions utilising Western university practices of management and teaching emerged. Despite the changes, the system still reflects much of the Soviet period. The typology of higher education institutions (HEIs) in Azerbaijan was built based on their educational, research, internationalisation activities and financial capacity. Institutions were classified as leading state and private higher education institutions, which excel in research and rank high in country ranking lists. The second group of institutions are known for good quality education but do not give a heavy weight on research. The last type of higher education institutions serve the purpose of preparing teachers and other public sector employees.

scholarly journals Russia’s Soft Power as a Limited Efficiency Tool in Lithuania

Politologija ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-97
Author(s):  
Giedrius Česnakas ◽  
Vytautas Isoda
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hard Power ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Article Abstract ◽  
Post Soviet Space

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] Lithuania has been a target of Russia’s soft power efforts for the past two decades. The aim of this article is to analyse Russia’s soft power influence possibilities in Lithuania. First, it analyzes how soft power is interpreted in Russia compared to the Western conception. Then, Russia’s soft power instruments and their core goals are reviewed, not all of which fall under the category of “soft power instruments” according to the Western understanding. The article proceeds with demographic changes in Lithuania and trends of consumption of Russian culture and information in Lithuania. The main argument is that Russia is not aiming to apply soft power to the general Lithuanian society but to particular groups within the population (Russophone minorities and residents with sentiments for the Soviet Union). It can be assumed that demographic trends and Russia’s aggressive actions will increasingly limit its soft power capabilities. However, the greatest setback to Russia’s soft power in Lithuania is arguably caused by its continuing reliance on hard power when it comes to countries of the post-Soviet space.

The Commonwealth of Independent States: an example of failed regionalism?

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. 237-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL KUBICEK
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Commonwealth Of Independent States ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
In Cis ◽  
Domestic Level ◽  
Post Soviet Space

AbstractThe Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) was designed to manage the collapse of the Soviet Union and foster post-Soviet cooperation in political, economic, and security spheres. Over a decade into its existence, most analysts would rate it a failure: many post-Soviet states do not participate in CIS ventures, the institutional machinery of the CIS is weak, and Russia, the most dominant post-Soviet state, has tended to favour bi-lateral relationships over multi-lateral institutions. Why is this the case? This article looks at the CIS through the prism of theories of regionalism, demonstrating that the CIS was handicapped on many fronts, including emergent multi-polarity in the post-Soviet space and domestic-level political considerations in many post-Soviet states.

scholarly journals Integration processes in the post-Soviet space: achievements and problems

Polylogos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (№ 4 (18)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Artur Avakov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Eastern Partnership ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article is devoted to the most famous integration organizations and programs in the post-Soviet space: CIS, CSTO, EAEU, GUAM, Union State of Belarus and Russia, Eastern Partnership. The work analyzes the stages of their formation, achievements and problems. For this, a systematic approach, a method of critical analysis, comparative historical and other scientific methods of cognition were used. Despite the collapse of the Soviet Union, political, economic and cultural ties between the new republics were preserved. After the USSR ceased to exist, a demand arose in the states of the post-Soviet space for new legal mechanisms and organizational formalization of these ties. The coexistence and struggle of various interests in the post-Soviet space predetermined a number of features in the emergence and functioning of integration projects.  

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