Natalizumab (Tysabri) in multiple sclerosis patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Viola Sacchi
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Interferon Β ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapies ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Immunomodulating Drugs

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease where dysregulated immune system elements (i.e. leucocytes) react against different components of the central nervous system (CNS), in particular myelin structures, causing several physical and mental symptoms,often progressing to total disability. While some treatments for MS provide only symptom relief, the most commonly drugs administered for altering the course of the disease are DMTs (disease-modifying therapies); nevertheless for more than ten years the only DMTs available were interferon β, glatiramer acetate (two immunomodulating drugs) and mitoxantrone (an immunosuppressant).

scholarly journals Erythrocytes in multiple sclerosis – forgotten contributors to the pathophysiology?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 205521731664998
Author(s):  
Kira Groen ◽  
Vicki E Maltby ◽  
Katherine A Sanders ◽  
Rodney J Scott ◽  
Lotti Tajouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Genetic Predisposition ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Disease Modifying

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterised by lymphocytic infiltration of the central nervous system and subsequent destruction of myelin and axons. On the background of a genetic predisposition to autoimmunity, environmental triggers are assumed to initiate the disease. The majority of MS research has focused on the pathological involvement of lymphocytes and other immune cells, yet a paucity of attention has been given to erythrocytes, which may play an important role in MS pathology. The following review briefly summarises how erythrocytes may contribute to MS pathology through impaired antioxidant capacity and altered haemorheological features. The effect of disease-modifying therapies on erythrocytes is also reviewed. It may be important to further investigate erythrocytes in MS, as this could broaden the understanding of the pathological mechanisms of the disease, as well as potentially lead to the discovery of novel and innovative targets for future therapies.

scholarly journals Onset of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis is not influenced by current relapsing multiple sclerosis therapies

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 205521731878334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Coret ◽  
Francisco C Pérez-Miralles ◽  
Francisco Gascón ◽  
Carmen Alcalá ◽  
Arantxa Navarré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Secondary Progressive ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapies ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Background Disease-modifying therapies are thought to reduce the conversion rate to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Objective To explore the rate, chronology, and contributing factors of conversion to the progressive phase in treated relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients. Methods Our study included 204 patients treated for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis between 1995 and 2002, prospectively followed to date. Kaplan–Meier analysis was applied to estimate the time until secondary progressive multiple sclerosis conversion, and multivariate survival analysis with a Cox regression model was used to analyse prognostic factors. Results Relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients were continuously treated for 13 years (SD 4.5); 36.3% converted to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis at a mean age of 42.6 years (SD 10.6), a mean time of 8.2 years (SD 5.2) and an estimated mean time of 17.2 years (range 17.1–18.1). A multifocal relapse, age older than 34 years at disease onset and treatment failure independently predicted conversion to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis but did not influence the time to reach an Expanded Disability Status Scale of 6.0. Conclusions The favourable influence of disease-modifying therapies on long-term disability in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis is well established. However, the time to progression onset and the subsequent clinical course in treated patients seem similar to those previously reported in natural history studies. More studies are needed to clarify the effect of disease-modifying therapies once the progressive phase has been reached.

Assessment and management of infectious risk in multiple sclerosis patients treated with disease-modifying therapies

2021 ◽  
Vol 429 ◽  
pp. 117753
Author(s):  
Maria Antonella Zingaropoli ◽  
Patrizia Pasculli ◽  
Marco Iannetta ◽  
Valentina Perri ◽  
Matteo Tartaglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Infectious Risk ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapies ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Multiple Sclerosis

2018 ◽  
pp. 209-216
Author(s):  
Samuel W. Samuel ◽  
Jianguo Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Spontaneous Pain ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Multiple Treatments ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The diagnosis is based on evidence of at lease two different lesions in the CNS, at least two different episodes in the disease course, and chronic inflammation of the CNS as determined by analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid. Central neuropathic pain is the most common form of pain in patients with MS, with an estimated prevalence of about 50%. Along with the classical neuropathic pain features, such as spontaneous pain (dysesthesia and burning) and evoked pain (allodynia and hyperalgesia), patients with MS may also suffer from intermittent neuropathic pain, such as trigeminal neuralgia, Lhermitte sign, and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. In addition to disease-modifying therapies of MS, multiple treatments are available to manage neuropathic pain secondary to MS, including medical, interventional, and surgical treatments with varying levels of evidence.

HLA-DRB1*1501 intensifies the impact of IL-6 promoter polymorphism on the susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in an Iranian population

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1173-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shahbazi ◽  
H. Ebadi ◽  
D. Fathi ◽  
D. Roshandel ◽  
M. Mohamadhosseni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Promoter Polymorphism ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
The Impact

Background: The multifunctional cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is involved in inflammatory processes in the central nervous system. It is well documented that amount of IL-6 is increased in serum, cerebrospinal fluid and central nervous system lesions of patients with multiple sclerosis. A single nucleotide polymorphism at position -174 in the IL-6 gene promotor appears to influence IL-6 expression. Recently, several researchers have focused on HLA-DRB alleles, specifically HLA-DRB1*1501, as a potential risk allele in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Objective: To investigate the possible influence of IL-6/-174 polymorphisms on susceptibility to multiple sclerosis and its integration with HLA-DRB1*1501. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood of 345 patients with multiple sclerosis and 426 control subjects. Method: The SSP-PCR method was used to determine genotypes and Fisher’s exact test was applied to determine differences between groups. HLA-DRB1*1501 was observed more frequently among multiple sclerosis patients compared with healthy subjects (45% and 34%, respectively; OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.2—2.2, p = 0.0018). At the IL-6/-174 position, the G allele had higher frequency among multiple sclerosis patients compared with controls (77% and 70%, respectively; OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1—1.8, p = 0.0038). This difference was more significant among HLA-DRB1*1501-positive patients and controls (81% and 67%, respectively; OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.5—2.5, p < 0.0001). Results: Our results have shown that the G allele at the IL-6/-174 promoter polymorphism may be associated with development of multiple sclerosis in this population, and may be strengthened by HLA-DRB1*1501. Conclusions: We suggest more studies to confirm these results in other populations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document