scholarly journals Gram-Negative Bacteria and Antibiotic Resistances Isolated from Endotracheal Aspirate Samples of Patients Hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit: 3-Years Retrospective Analysis

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Endotracheal Aspirate ◽  
Gram Negative

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE IN NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT AT THE CENTRAL JAVA HOSPITAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ika Puspita Sari ◽  
Titik Nuryastuti ◽  
Djoko Wahyono
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity

Objective: Multidrug-resistance (MDR) is defined as an acquired non-susceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories. MDR can be caused by several factors, including the misuse of antibiotics.  Resistance to antibiotics still poses a global challenge, especially in Indonesia. This study aimed to identify patterns of MDR in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at the Central Java Hospital, during the period of January 2014 to December 2015.Methods: The study was conducted using a descriptive retrospective design. The research population comprised of 225 patients. Patient inclusion criteria were neonatal patients treated in NICU ward with infection diagnosis. All patients had culture and sensitivity examinations on their bloods. The culture and sensitivity examinations were performed by microbiology clinicians.Results: The most common infection type was sepsis (60%). The most common bacteria found in the blood specimen of patients in the NICU ward was Gram-negative bacteria with a 72% rate, the other was Gram-positive bacteria. Bacteria which infected patients include; Klebsiellapneumoniaessppneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bulkholderiacepacia, Acinetobacterbaumannii, Enterobactercloacae ssp cloacae, Serratiamarcescens, Staphylococcus haemolyticusand Staphylococcus epidermidis. The research result showed that 97.8% MDR cases were reported in the NICU ward. Antibiotics which were still potent for all bacteria found in NICU patients were tigecycline, meropenem and ciprofloxacin (for Gram-negative bacteria) and tigecycline, linezolid, nitrofurantoin, moxifloksacin and vancomycin (for Gram-positive bacteria).Conclusion: A high percentage of MDR occurred in NICU patients. Sepsis is the most common diagnosis in NICU patients. The usage of third generation antibiotics should be limited and regulated systematically.   

scholarly journals PATIENTS' MICROFLORA COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS AT THE NATIONAL HOSPITAL OF PEDIATRICS IN HANOI, VIETNAM

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
L.V. Kataeva ◽  
A.P. Rebeshchenko ◽  
T.F. Stepanova ◽  
O.V. Posoiuznykh ◽  
Le Thanh Hai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

We studied the microflora structure and resistance gathered from the biomaterial of patients and the environment objects of various departments at the National hospital of Pediatrics in Hanoi. 140 clinical samples of biomaterials from 74 patients treated in the intensive care unit, the infectious diseases and the gastroenterology departments were studied. A systematic approach including microbiological, epidemiological and statistical research methods was used in carrying out the study. Bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family (38.5 per cent) prevailed in the biomaterial of intensive care unit patients. Nonfermentative Gram-negative bacteria (46.5 per cent) occupied the leading positions in the infectious diseases department and Gram-positive bacteria (39.3 per cent) were in the gastroenterology department. Gram-positive flora (60.2 per cent in the intensive care unit and 50.7 per cent in the infectious diseases department) prevailed in the microflora structure gathered from hospital environment objects. We identified the prevalence of bacteria of the genus Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria with a wide spectrum of resistance in the departments of the National Hospital of Pediatrics.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM INFANTS – PATIENTS OF NATIONAL HOSPITAL PEDIATRICS HANOI, VIETNAM

2017 ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
T.F. Stepanova ◽  
L.V. Kataeva ◽  
A.P. Rebeshchenko ◽  
Le Thanh Hai ◽  
Khu Thi Khanh Dung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Resistance To Antibiotics ◽  
Pure Block ◽  
Carbapenem Antibiotic

The results of studies of resistance to antibiotics microflora isolated from mucous pharynx and rectum of patients intensive care unit newborns of National Hospital of Pediatrics, Hanoi are presented. It is shown that gram-negative bacteria isolated from children have a high resistance to penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenem. Antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from children receiving treatment in «pure» block did not differ from sustainability of the strains, selected from children in «dirty» block.

Predictive Factors for the Development of Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infection Due to Gram-Negative Bacteria in Intensive Care Unit Patients After Surgery

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranavi V. Sreeramoju ◽  
Jocelyn Tolentino ◽  
Sylvia Garcia-Houchins ◽  
Stephen G. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Objectives.To examine the relative proportions of central line-associated bloodstream infection (BSI) due to gram-negative bacteria and due to gram-positive bacteria among patients who had undergone surgery and patients who had not. The study also evaluated clinical predictive factors and unadjusted outcomes associated with central line-associated BSI caused by gram-negative bacteria in the postoperative period.Design.Observational, case-control study based on a retrospective review of medical records.Setting.University of Chicago Medical Center, a 500-bed tertiary care center located on Chicago's south side.Patients.Adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients who developed central line-associated BSI.Results.There were a total of 142 adult patients who met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System definition for central line-associated BSI. Of those, 66 patients (46.5%) had infections due to gram-positive bacteria, 49 patients (34.5%) had infections due to gram-negative bacteria, 23 patients (16.2%) had infections due to yeast, and 4 patients (2.8%) had mixed infections. Patients who underwent surgery were more likely to develop central line-associated BSI due to gram-negative bacteria within 28 days of the surgery, compared with patients who had not had surgery recently (57.6% vs 27.3%; P = .002). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, diabetes mellitus (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 4.6 [95% CI, 1.2-18.1]; P = .03) and the presence of hypotension at the time of the first blood culture positive for a pathogen (adjusted OR, 9.8 [95% CI, 2.5-39.1]; P = .001 ) were found to be independently predictive of central line-associated BSI caused by gram-negative bacteria. Unadjusted outcomes were not different in the group with BSI due to gram-negative pathogens, compared to the group with BSI due to gram-positive pathogens.Conclusions.Clinicians caring for critically ill patients after surgery should be especially concerned about the possibility of central line-associated BSI caused by gram-negative pathogens. The presence of diabetes and hypotension appear to be significant associated factors.

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