scholarly journals The Garden Suburb of Lindenlea, Ottawa

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Delaney
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Subsidized Housing ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
World War ◽  
Urban Reform ◽  
World War One ◽  
Low Income Housing

The garden suburb of Lindenlea in Ottawa was designed by Thomas Adams and built by the Ottawa Housing commission to provide a model of low-income housing to municipalities across Canada in the post-World War One period. The planning of the suburb and the design of its houses reveal many of the ideological premises of the urban reform movement in Canada, and of the federal government's attitude toward publicly subsidized housing, in this early period of social welfare. Modern theories of rationalization, efficiency, and standardization, combined with late Victorian notions about physical, social and moral health, to produce housing designs that were technologically modern yet ideologically traditional.

Demobilised Soldiers, Small Holdings Colonies and the Compulsory Acquisition of Land after World War One: Scotland and Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-187
Author(s):  
Barbara Arneil
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
World War ◽  
Land Settlement ◽  
World War One ◽  
Colonization Process ◽  
Demobilized Soldiers ◽  
Settler Colonization ◽  
Negative Impacts

This article compares the Small Holdings Colonies Acts (1916 and 1918) for demobilized WWI soldiers in Britain upon which the Land Settlement (Scotland) Act of 1919 was established; and similar small holdings colonies for demobilized soldiers in Canada with a particular focus on provisions for the state to engage in compulsory acquisition of land for this purpose. My research shows in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland, colonies and compulsory acquisition of land under the 1919 Act were part of a larger land reform movement (breaking up large estates) and represent progressive advances for traditional occupants – the crofters and tenant farmers – to have rights over their own lands. In Canada, on the other hand, domestic colonies for British soldiers served to displace indigenous peoples from their reserves already vastly diminished compared to traditional territories. The compulsory acquisition of land through surrenders from reserves compounded the problem. As such colonies in Canada had negative impacts on indigenous peoples as part of an ongoing settler colonization process. Thus I show that small holdings colonies particularly when combined with compulsory acquisition of land work in opposite directions normatively and materially in each country.

scholarly journals SOSIALISASI DAN EFEKTIVITAS KOMUNIKASI PROGRAM PERUMAHANAHAN BERSUBSIDI TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
Fitri Syakinah
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Subsidized Housing ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
The Social ◽  
Housing Needs ◽  
The Government

AbstrakRumah merupakan kebutuhan primer setelah pangan dan sandang. Setiap orang dalam strata sosial ekonomi akan berusaha memenuhi kebutuhan akan rumah. Bagi kebanyakan masyarakat berpengahasilan rendah, pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar ini sangat sulit untuk terpenuhi, yang apabila tidak ada solusi untuk mengatasinya akan menimbulkan masalah kesejahteraan sosial. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, pemerintah beserta bank bekerja sama mengeluarkan skema pembiayaan yang terjangkau bagi masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah. Selain itu program ini diharapkan mampu mengejar kebutuhan perumahan yang terus naik dan sekaligus bisa meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Oleh karena itu, dalam studi ini peneliti berniat menganalisis efektivitas program perumahan bersubsidi terhadap kesejahteraan sosial masyarakat di  kabupaten Garut. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh konsumen perumahan bersubsidi di kabupaten Garut. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui purposive sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 200. Sementara variabel dalam penelitian ini yang terlibat ada dua. Pertama, program perumahan bersubsidi diperlakukan sebagai variabel laten eksogen. Kedua, kesejahteraan sosial bertindak sebagai variabel laten endogen. Kemudian penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif eksplanatori. Metode PLS-SEM dengan bantuan perangkat lunak XLSTAT 2014 digunakan untuk menjawab hipotesis penelitian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa program perumahan bersubsidi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraan sosial dengan kontribusi sebesar 60,63%. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi evaluasi program perumahan bersubsidi bagi pemerintah, bank, dan stakeholder dalam rangka menyelesaikan masalah kesejahteraan sosial masyarakat.Kata-kata kunci: Kesejahteraan Sosial; Kredit Pemilikan Rumah; Perumahan Bersubsidi; Sosialisasi. AbstractHouses are the primary needs after food and clothing. Everyone in the socioeconomic strata will try to meet the house needs. For most low-income people, the meeting of this basic needs is very difficult to suffice. It will cause social welfare problems if there are no solutions to overcome housing needs in the low-income people. To overcome the social welfare problems, the government and banks work together to issue affordable financing schemes for low-income people. This program is expected to be able to catch up with the increasing housing needs and at the same time be able to increase economic growth. In this study, therefore, the researcher intends to analyze the effectiveness of the subsidized housing program on the social welfare of the people in Kabupaten Garut. The population in this study is all consumers of subsidized housing in Kabupaten Garut. Data collection technique was carried out through purposive sampling with a total of 200 respondents. While the variables in this study involved two variables. First, the subsidized housing program is treated as an exogenous latent variable. Second, social welfare acts as an endogenous latent variable. Then this research uses a descriptive explanatory method. The PLS-SEM method using XLSTAT 2014 software is used to answer the research hypothesis. The results show that the subsidized housing program has a significant effect on improving social welfare with a contribution of 60.63%. The results of this study are expected to be an evaluation of the subsidized housing program for the government, banks, and stakeholders in order to resolve the problem of social welfare.Keywords: Communication tool; new language; community; variety of languages; shemale.

scholarly journals Fiscally Unsustainable Social Welfare, Untenable Housing Solutions and the Mortgage Default Ratio in South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Viyusani Moss
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Mortgage Default ◽  
Social Instability ◽  
Social Welfare System ◽  
Low Income Housing

This article reflects on social welfare system and governance of housing markets from an end-user perspective. The article criticallyanalyses the way in which social welfare has correlated to unsustainable development and created self entitlement behaviours andattitudes in the South African low income housing market. The phenomenon was demonstrable by empirical research whosefindings confirmed an existence of an association between a fully subsidized social housing model (as underpinned by South Africa’s social welfare) and propensity to default on mortgages. The study found that the risk of default by homeowners in the low income housing market in South Africa is influenced by government’s housing grant model. In other words, the research established that the principle of servicing a mortgaged starter property (that is almost similar to a government free house by both structure and design) is not universally accepted by homeowners of these mortgaged houses. The unintended consequences are that the system has created indefinite expectations that potentially could; (i) erode the country’s balance sheet; (ii) add to non-payment behaviour; (iii) pressurize the economic and credit systems; (iv) propagate entitlement attitudes and mindsets; (v) create social instability and (v) widened the country’s balance of payment deficits.

scholarly journals Leisure Barriers Among Older Adults in Low-Income Housing: Demographic, Health, and Contextual Correlates

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 577-577
Author(s):  
Angela Sardina ◽  
Shyuan Ching Tan ◽  
Alyssa Gamaldo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Subsidized Housing ◽  
Black And White ◽  
State College ◽  
Psychosocial Benefits ◽  
Common Barriers ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Low Income Housing

Abstract Despite increased research pertaining to the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial benefits of leisure engagement, few studies have explored leisure barriers experienced by older adults residing in subsidized housing, and how these barriers relate to sociodemographic, health, and psychosocial characteristics. Thirty-nine Black and White residents (M=68.01, SD=10.26) from two subsidized housing communities (Wilmington, NC and State College, PA) were surveyed as part of the Tailoring Environments for Active Life Engagement study. Findings indicated that lack of available activities and low awareness of activities, limited social connections, and transportation were the most common barriers identified. Additionally, individuals with lesser years of education and poorer quality of education, worse mental and physical health, poorer cognitive function, as well as those experiencing loneliness and social isolation reported significantly more leisure barriers (ps <.05). More research is needed that examines micro-, meso-, and macro-level factors associated with leisure participation for older low-income housing residents.

Antipodean Aftershocks: Group Settlement of Hebridean and non-Hebridean Britons in Western Australia following World War One

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-203
Author(s):  
Roy Jones ◽  
Tod Jones
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
British Empire ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
The Sun ◽  
World War ◽  
World War One ◽  
A Site

In the speech in which the phrase ‘land fit for heroes’ was coined, Lloyd George proclaimed ‘(l)et us make victory the motive power to link the old land up in such measure that it will be nearer the sunshine than ever before … it will lift those who have been living in the dark places to a plateau where they will get the rays of the sun’. This speech conflated the issues of the ‘debt of honour’ and the provision of land to those who had served. These ideals had ramifications throughout the British Empire. Here we proffer two Antipodean examples: the national Soldier Settlement Scheme in New Zealand and the Imperial Group Settlement of British migrants in Western Australia and, specifically, the fate and the legacy of a Group of Gaelic speaking Outer Hebrideans who relocated to a site which is now in the outer fringes of metropolitan Perth.

Living on a low income as a systemic impediment to socio-economic development of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
NATALIIA TOLSTYKH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Government

The article sheds light on various approaches that seek to determine how widespread poverty and life on a low income are in Ukraine nowadays. As a social phenomenon, poverty has traditionally been associated with destitution and living below the subsistence level set by the government. However, the author holds the view that life on a low income not only means living near or below the poverty line. There is another part of Ukraine’s population that should also be considered needy — those whose income is less than twice as the subsistence level, and most of them are also subject to socio-economic deprivation. Drawing upon the findings of a social survey conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the NAS of Ukraine in 2019, the paper analyses the standard of living among different income groups. Particular attention is given to consumption patterns and social well-being of respondents in the lower income brackets. From the data, it can be inferred that living conditions of many Ukrainians are inadequate to sustain and develop human potential; furthermore, the low-income households have literally to struggle every day to make ends meet. The author brings into focus the main macroeconomic factors contributing to this situation and its adverse effect on the nation’s social potential. Some of the most common social consequences of living on a low income have been identified, such as limited consumption, a person’s dissatisfaction with life and his/her position in society. The above-mentioned survey also provides the estimates of how much the current subsistence level (with regard to Ukraine) should be. Having been made by different socio-demographic and occupational groups of Ukraine’s population, these estimates are a useful source of information — given that subsistence level is considered the basic social standard. According to the survey, all these figures are at variance with the official subsistence level, which is noticeably lower, and this indicates that the current subsistence level needs an upward revision. Today, the overall socio-economic situation in Ukraine is unfavourable for neoliberal economic reforms initiated by the government. Since these policies are primarily designed to reduce the role of state in managing the economy and implementing social welfare programmes, following this path will inevitably result in the entrenchment of mass poverty and in a major loss of Ukraine’s human potential, as well as labour force. The author argues that tackling the country’s chronic low income problem is only possible if a new strategy for socio-economic development is adopted, where social welfare is prioritised.

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