scholarly journals SOSIALISASI DAN EFEKTIVITAS KOMUNIKASI PROGRAM PERUMAHANAHAN BERSUBSIDI TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
Fitri Syakinah
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Subsidized Housing ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
The Social ◽  
Housing Needs ◽  
The Government

AbstrakRumah merupakan kebutuhan primer setelah pangan dan sandang. Setiap orang dalam strata sosial ekonomi akan berusaha memenuhi kebutuhan akan rumah. Bagi kebanyakan masyarakat berpengahasilan rendah, pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar ini sangat sulit untuk terpenuhi, yang apabila tidak ada solusi untuk mengatasinya akan menimbulkan masalah kesejahteraan sosial. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, pemerintah beserta bank bekerja sama mengeluarkan skema pembiayaan yang terjangkau bagi masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah. Selain itu program ini diharapkan mampu mengejar kebutuhan perumahan yang terus naik dan sekaligus bisa meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Oleh karena itu, dalam studi ini peneliti berniat menganalisis efektivitas program perumahan bersubsidi terhadap kesejahteraan sosial masyarakat di  kabupaten Garut. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh konsumen perumahan bersubsidi di kabupaten Garut. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui purposive sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 200. Sementara variabel dalam penelitian ini yang terlibat ada dua. Pertama, program perumahan bersubsidi diperlakukan sebagai variabel laten eksogen. Kedua, kesejahteraan sosial bertindak sebagai variabel laten endogen. Kemudian penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif eksplanatori. Metode PLS-SEM dengan bantuan perangkat lunak XLSTAT 2014 digunakan untuk menjawab hipotesis penelitian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa program perumahan bersubsidi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraan sosial dengan kontribusi sebesar 60,63%. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi evaluasi program perumahan bersubsidi bagi pemerintah, bank, dan stakeholder dalam rangka menyelesaikan masalah kesejahteraan sosial masyarakat.Kata-kata kunci: Kesejahteraan Sosial; Kredit Pemilikan Rumah; Perumahan Bersubsidi; Sosialisasi. AbstractHouses are the primary needs after food and clothing. Everyone in the socioeconomic strata will try to meet the house needs. For most low-income people, the meeting of this basic needs is very difficult to suffice. It will cause social welfare problems if there are no solutions to overcome housing needs in the low-income people. To overcome the social welfare problems, the government and banks work together to issue affordable financing schemes for low-income people. This program is expected to be able to catch up with the increasing housing needs and at the same time be able to increase economic growth. In this study, therefore, the researcher intends to analyze the effectiveness of the subsidized housing program on the social welfare of the people in Kabupaten Garut. The population in this study is all consumers of subsidized housing in Kabupaten Garut. Data collection technique was carried out through purposive sampling with a total of 200 respondents. While the variables in this study involved two variables. First, the subsidized housing program is treated as an exogenous latent variable. Second, social welfare acts as an endogenous latent variable. Then this research uses a descriptive explanatory method. The PLS-SEM method using XLSTAT 2014 software is used to answer the research hypothesis. The results show that the subsidized housing program has a significant effect on improving social welfare with a contribution of 60.63%. The results of this study are expected to be an evaluation of the subsidized housing program for the government, banks, and stakeholders in order to resolve the problem of social welfare.Keywords: Communication tool; new language; community; variety of languages; shemale.

scholarly journals Analysis of the residential space transformation of government-subsidized housing program

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Agustina Sri Rezeki Simbolon ◽  
Dwira Nirfalini Aulia ◽  
Hilma Tamiami Fachrudin
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Subsidized Housing ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Space Transformation ◽  
Floor Plans ◽  
The Government ◽  
Residential Space

The government is currently conducting programs to provide subsidized housing in order to meet the needs of low-income people. Some of the houses provided have, however, been modified by the residents to ensure proper and effective implementation of their activities and this indicates a benchmark of the dissatisfaction of the residents and omission of a particular thing in the initial design of the subsidized housing program provided by the government. The Grand Permata Residence II Housing used as a case study has a house with type 36/91 m2 and 13 out of 14 respondents have transformed their residential space according to their economic capacity as low-income people. This study was, therefore, conducted to map the residential space transformation of the subsidized housing program provided by the government and determine the causative factors. Primary data were obtained in the form of designs and photos of space transformation through direct observation and interviews with residents while secondary data were in the form of initial floor plans retrieved from the housing manager and analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques. The findings serve as an evaluation for the government in designing subsidized housing which meets the target and needs of low-income people.

Living on a low income as a systemic impediment to socio-economic development of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
NATALIIA TOLSTYKH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Government

The article sheds light on various approaches that seek to determine how widespread poverty and life on a low income are in Ukraine nowadays. As a social phenomenon, poverty has traditionally been associated with destitution and living below the subsistence level set by the government. However, the author holds the view that life on a low income not only means living near or below the poverty line. There is another part of Ukraine’s population that should also be considered needy — those whose income is less than twice as the subsistence level, and most of them are also subject to socio-economic deprivation. Drawing upon the findings of a social survey conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the NAS of Ukraine in 2019, the paper analyses the standard of living among different income groups. Particular attention is given to consumption patterns and social well-being of respondents in the lower income brackets. From the data, it can be inferred that living conditions of many Ukrainians are inadequate to sustain and develop human potential; furthermore, the low-income households have literally to struggle every day to make ends meet. The author brings into focus the main macroeconomic factors contributing to this situation and its adverse effect on the nation’s social potential. Some of the most common social consequences of living on a low income have been identified, such as limited consumption, a person’s dissatisfaction with life and his/her position in society. The above-mentioned survey also provides the estimates of how much the current subsistence level (with regard to Ukraine) should be. Having been made by different socio-demographic and occupational groups of Ukraine’s population, these estimates are a useful source of information — given that subsistence level is considered the basic social standard. According to the survey, all these figures are at variance with the official subsistence level, which is noticeably lower, and this indicates that the current subsistence level needs an upward revision. Today, the overall socio-economic situation in Ukraine is unfavourable for neoliberal economic reforms initiated by the government. Since these policies are primarily designed to reduce the role of state in managing the economy and implementing social welfare programmes, following this path will inevitably result in the entrenchment of mass poverty and in a major loss of Ukraine’s human potential, as well as labour force. The author argues that tackling the country’s chronic low income problem is only possible if a new strategy for socio-economic development is adopted, where social welfare is prioritised.

scholarly journals Housing Programs for the Poor in Addis Ababa: Urban Commons as a Bridge between Spatial and Social

2021 ◽  
pp. 009614422198997
Author(s):  
Marianna Charitonidou
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Government

The article presents the reasons for which the issue of providing housing to low-income citizens has been a real challenge in Addis Ababa during the recent years and will continue to be, given that its population is growing extremely fast. It examines the tensions between the universal aspirations and the local realities in the case of some of Ethiopia’s most ambitious mass pro-poor housing schemes, such as the “Addis Ababa Grand Housing Program” (AAGHP), which was launched in 2004 and was integrated in the “Integrated Housing Development Program” (IHDP) in 2006. The article argues that the quotidian practices of communities and their socio-economic and cultural characteristics are related to the spatial attributes of co-housing practices. Drawing upon the idea that there is a mutual correspondence between social and spatial structures, it places particular emphasis on the analysis of the IHDP and aims to show that to shape strategies that take into account the social and cultural aspects of daily life of the poor citizens of Addis Ababa, it is pivotal to invite them to take part in the decision-making processes regarding their resettlement. Departing from the fact that a large percentage of the housing supply in Addis Ababa consists of informal unplanned housing, the article also compares the commoning practices in kebele houses and condominium units. The former refers to the legal informal housing units owned by the government and rented to their dwellers, whereas the latter concerns the housing blocks built in the framework of the IHDP for the resettlement of the kebele dwellers. The article analyzes these processes of resettlement, shedding light of the fact that kebele houses were located at the inner city, whereas the condominiums are located in the suburbs. Despite the fact that the living conditions in the condominium units are of a much higher quality than those in the kebele houses, their design underestimated or even neglected the role of the commoning practices. The article highlights the advantages of commoning practices in architecture and urban planning, and how the implementation of participation-oriented solutions can respond to the difficulties of providing housing. It argues that understanding the significance of the endeavors that take into account the opinions of dwellers during the phase of decision-making goes hand in hand with considering commoning practices as a source of architecture and urban planning frameworks for low-cost housing in this specific context. The key argument of the article is that urban planning and architecture solutions in Addis Ababa should be based on the principles of the so-called “negotiated planning” approach, which implies a close analysis of the interconnections between planning, infrastructure, and land.

Self-employed surfers, universal credit and the minimally decent life

Legal Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Christopher Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
The Self ◽  
Tax Credits ◽  
Minimum Income ◽  
Wage Labour ◽  
The Social ◽  
Decent Life ◽  
The Government

Abstract As part of its response to Covid-19 the government paused the use of the ‘Minimum Income Floor’ (MIF), which restricts the Universal Credit (UC) entitlement of the self-employed. This paper places the MIF in the wider context of conditionality in the social security system and considers a judicial review which claimed that the MIF was discriminatory. The paper focuses on how UC affects the availability of real choices for low-income citizens to limit or escape from wage labour, with two implications of the move to UC highlighted. First, the overlooked labour decommodifying aspect of tax credits, which provided a minimum income guarantee and a genuine alternative to wage labour for people who self-designated as ‘self-employed’, even if their earnings were minimal or non-existent, has been removed. Secondly, UC has in some respects improved the position of low-paid wage labourers in ‘mini-jobs’, who are not subject to conditionality once they work for the equivalent of approximately nine hours a week on the minimum wage.

scholarly journals Capacity Choice and Government Regulation in a Vertical Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-524
Author(s):  
Junlong Chen ◽  
Yajie Wang ◽  
Jiali Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Excess Capacity ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Government Failure ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Capacity Choice ◽  
The Government

This paper sets up an industry competition model consisting of two upstream enterprises and two downstream enterprises. Then we rely on the model to explore how non-regulation and different regulatory policies (maximizing the total profits of the upstream enterprises, the social welfare of the upstream industry or the overall social welfare) affect the following factors: the excess capacity, enterprise profits, consumer surpluses, social welfare in the upstream and downstream enterprises and the overall social welfare. The following conclusions are drawn from our research. First, whether and how the government regulates the capacity choice greatly affect the equilibrium outcomes, as well as the welfare distribution among the upstream enterprises, downstream enterprises, and consumers. The specific effects are dependent on market demand and enterprise cost. Second, the government should formulate its regulatory policies on capacity choice based on the overall social welfare of the entire supply chain. If the government aims to maximize the profits of the upstream enterprises, the social welfare of the downstream industry will be negatively affected. Third, excess capacity does not necessarily suppress social welfare. Under certain conditions, the worst scenario of excess capacity may occur under the pursuit of the maximal overall social welfare. Excess capacity may arise from various causes, rather than market competition or government regulation alone. Excess capacity cannot be attributed solely to government failure. These conclusions have some significance for optimizing capacity regulation policies.

scholarly journals Implikasi dan Arah Kebijakan Pemberian Anggaran APBN/APBD Untuk Operasional Pengelola Zakat dalam Meningkatkan Fungsi Pemerintah

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Cucu Solihah
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
State Development ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

The commitment in building Indonesia as a prosperous country gives consequence to the role of government in prospering the community. It is conducted by empowering the programs having potency of financial sources for developing this state. Beside the tax as the financial source of state development, the government enforces the policy of zakat management.  The policy is the act number 23 in 2011 concerning zakat management in which the fund derives from the national / regional budget. In this case, the national or regional zakat council manages the zakat management. It is expected, it can help the process of state development and be a media in improving the social welfare as one of the government’s roles

scholarly journals Payment for Rice Growers to Reduce Using N Fertilizer in the GHG Mitigation Program Driven by the Government: Evidence from Shanghai

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1927
Author(s):  
Hai-Ying Gu ◽  
Qing-Mi Hu ◽  
Tian-Qiong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Shadow Prices ◽  
Ghg Mitigation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Directional Output Distance Function ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

The overuse of N fertilizer by rice growers triggers excessive greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, leading to the environmental and climatic problem. However, growers will probably suffer loss in profits if they reduce the use of N fertilizer under the existing technology condition. The payment in market-based or government-driven way may overcome the potential barrier. For the appropriate carbon trading market is absent, the government-driven program will play a role in the payment. Three key issues in the designed program are the price of the payment, the participation rate of rice growers, and the variation of items associated with the social welfare. Due to the difficulty in estimating the economic value, prices of the payment can be set according to shadow prices. This paper applies the parametric directional output distance function to derive shadow prices of CO2 for 308 rice growers in Shanghai from 2008–2015. Average shadow prices range from RMB 1130 to 3769 yuan/ton (or US 163 to 618 $/ton). Taking the year of 2015 as sample, this paper predicts the participation rate (97.08%) of rice growers with the aim of 10% N fertilizer reduction and the specific price of the payment (7.47 yuan/kg). Moreover, this paper discusses on the variation of factors linked with the social welfare, and derive two important relationships from it. In detail, the relationship between the yield of the rice and the reduction of the N fertilizer should be balanced; the relationship between the improvement on the profit of rice growers (or the participation rate) in the program and the payment by the government should also be balanced.

scholarly journals Managing corporate identities of non-profit organisations in the social welfare sector

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lida Holtzhausen
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Identity Management ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Corporate Identity ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

Present-day South Africa is characterised by many societal and developmental issues, such as HIV awareness and prevention, child-headed households, environmental protection, poverty alleviation, violence and victim aid. However, it is widely acknowledged that government alone cannot address these issues effectively. The role of non-profit organisations (NPOs) in addressing social and development issues is increasingly emphasised. NPOs work at grass-roots level and they can therefore, on the whole, identify societal vulnerabilities and risks earlier than the government sector. However, due to the economic recession, NPOs operate in a competitive environment where an increasing number of NPOs rely on a small number of donors and other resources. NPOs should therefore differentiate themselves from the competition in order to obtain public legitimacy and funding. Corporate identity management is important for NPOs to fulfil their role in social welfare and thus contribute to disaster risk reduction. The exploratory nature of this study dictates a qualitative research approach. Semi-structured interviews with management of five NPOs in the social welfare sector were conducted in order to provide an answer to the study’s research question: ‘To what extent do NPOs in the social welfare sector practise corporate identity management, in order to prevent and address social welfare risks?’ The research found that NPOs do not realise the full potential of managing their corporate identities. NPOs therefore do not take advantage of a strong and distinct corporate identity which would allow them to ensure their ability to assess, address, reduce and/or alleviate vulnerabilities and disaster risks.

Equilibrium Strategies and Optimal Control for a Double-Ended Queue

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 1650022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Shi ◽  
Zhaotong Lian
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Birth And Death Process ◽  
Individual Utility ◽  
Decentralized System ◽  
Taxi Drivers ◽  
Equilibrium Strategies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Centralized System

In this paper, we study a passenger–taxi matching queue system. The system is modeled as a birth-and-death process. Since the system is so complex, we mainly focus on numerical analysis. A centralized system and a decentralized one are considered. In the centralized system, the government sets thresholds for both passengers and taxis to maximize the social welfare. We analyze the performance measures of this model, discuss the range of two thresholds that ensures positive social welfare, and numerically give the upper bound of threshold. In the decentralized system, passengers and taxis determine whether to join the system or balk based on their individual utility functions. Further, we consider the government’s tax and subsidy to the taxi drivers. Numerical results show that the social welfare function in the centralized system is concave with respect to the thresholds and the government central planning benefits the society. In the decentralized system, no matter what the passenger and taxi arrival rates are, the social welfare is concave with respect to the taxi fare. Moreover, we analyze the effect of the arrival rates and the benefits of the tax and subsidy.

scholarly journals THE APPLICATION OF THE BALANCE PRINCIPAL IN THE NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN MARINE AND COASTAL AREAS

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Jantje Tjiptabudy
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Natural Resources Management ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Balance Principle ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Authority

This research aims to discuss the implementation of balance principle of marine and coastal resources management.  The type of this research is a normative research by way of applying the provisions and conceptual approach. The result of the research shows that the government authority is more dominant than protect the interest of adat law society. In the implementation of balance principle with regards to the coastal and natural resources management has not yet fully provided the positive impact for the social welfare. Besides, both parties have different concept of balance principle, so that it is incompatible with the substance and interpretation in its implementation. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji penerapan asas keseimbangan dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya alam laut dan pesisir. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kewenangan pemerintah lebih dominan dalam pengelolaan sumber daya alam, namun kurang memberikan perlindungan terhadap kepentingan masyarakat hukum adat. Penerapan prinsip keseimbangan dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya alam di wilayah laut dan pesisir belum sepenuhnya memberikan pengaruh positif bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat. Selain itu, kedua belah pihak mempunyai konsep yang berbeda tentang prinsip keseimbangan sehingga dalam penerapannya belum sesuai dengan makna atau hakekatnya.

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