scholarly journals In A Mindful Moral Voice: Mindful Compassion, The Ethic of Care and Education

Paideusis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
Deborah Orr
Keyword(s):  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Ethic Of Care ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Buddhist Philosophy ◽  
Professional Life ◽  
Language Games ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
Compassionate Care ◽  
Moral Voice ◽  
Central Argument

This paper argues that Carol Gilligan’s Ethic of Care has strong affinities with the Buddhist concept of karuna (compassion) which, Jay Garfield has argued, is the necessary foundation of rights theory. Its central argument is that both moral compassion and thus rights theory are grounded in the natural compassionate care a mother exercises in order to promote the flourishing of her child without which children, and consequently adult society, would not survive in any form. Wittgenstein’s concept of language-games is brought to bear on Buddhist philosophy to foreground the rootedness of human experience in connection and empathy. This further supports the naturalness of compassionate care, the Ethic of Care and karuna. Finally, mindfulness meditation is proposed as a practice appropriate for the educational context for the development of karuna as a moral resource for personal, civil and professional life.

What Do We Mean “Human Experience”?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Varela ◽  
Evan Thompson ◽  
Eleanor Rosch
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
The Self ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Phenomenological Philosophy ◽  
Buddhist Doctrine ◽  
Subject And Object ◽  
Human Embodiment

This chapter examines human experience. It is necessary to have a disciplined perspective on human experience that can enlarge the domain of cognitive science to include direct experience. Such a perspective already exists in the form of mindfulness/awareness meditation. Mindfulness/awareness practice, phenomenological philosophy, and science are human activities; each is an expression of human embodiment. The chapter then looks at the Buddhist method of examining experience called mindfulness meditation. Mindfulness/awareness meditation can provide a natural bridge between cognitive science and human experience. Particularly impressive is the convergence among some of the main themes of Buddhist doctrine, phenomenology, and cognitive science—themes concerning the self and the relation between subject and object.

scholarly journals On Logic and Moral Voice

1995 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Orr
Keyword(s):  
Ethic Of Care ◽  
Language Game ◽  
Moral Deliberation ◽  
Universal Logic ◽  
Natural Logic ◽  
Patriarchal Culture ◽  
Moral Voice ◽  
Concept Logic ◽  
Moral Talk ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores some aspects of the concept 'logic' and its relation to moral voice, and argues that Menssen uses it too narrowly in her respone to Orr's "Just the Facts. Ma'am" and the work of Carol Gilligan. Grounded in the work of the later Wittgenstein, it is argued that formalized logic misses much of natural logic: the concept of 'moral talk' is developed to theorize Gilligan's ethic of care; it is argued that this form of moral deliberation is not argumentation in the formal sense; and the relationship between logic and epistemology is explored through the consideration of moral talk as a language-game which is woven into gendered forms of life. Finally, it is argued that the notion of a universal logic is the product of an oppressivc patriarchal culture and should not be defended by feminists.

scholarly journals Generative Meditations: Exploring Generative Art From the Perspective of Tibetan Buddhist Philosophy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Benjamin Jack
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Buddhism ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Buddhist Philosophy ◽  
Computational Creativity ◽  
Tibetan Buddhist ◽  
Generative Art ◽  
Generative Processes

<p>the purpose of this thesis is to document and explore the subjective struggles I have encountered in my own practise as a generative artist rather than to provide an objective overview of computational generative art. Hopefully this process will give some context from the ground up (from an artist’s perspective) to some of the larger questions that I and others in the field are asking about generative art.  From the preliminary questions arising from these struggles I begin to explore and develop a generative art practise that primarily focuses on the topics of human experience and ideas directly related to human experience. This is opposed to using generative processes to explore ideas fundamentally based on computation (a-life, emergence, computational creativity, and data etc..). The foundation of, and reasons behind, such a focus are based on the non-realist and non-materialist philosophical tenets of Tibetan Buddhism, in particular the philosophy of the Madhyamika-Prasangika school of thought. The purpose of developing a generative practise based on the philosophy and symbolism of Tibetan Buddhism is to find a method to create personally relevant artwork with a firm foundation in a well established culture of art and philosophy. I might add however, that this isn’t merely a self-reflective exercise but rather it should be of interest to others in the field of (and study of) Generative art to see how this artistic method might be approached from a vastly different philosophical stance to the materialist view that receives the majority of attention in the field.</p>

scholarly journals Is Mindfulness Buddhist? (And Why It Matters)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Sharf
Keyword(s):  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Buddhist Philosophy ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Buddhist Practice ◽  
Buddhist Doctrine ◽  
Meditative Practice ◽  
The Moment

Modern exponents of mindfulness meditation promote the therapeutic effects of “bare attention”—a sort of non-judgmental, non-discursive attending to the moment-to-moment flow of consciousness. This approach is arguably at odds with more traditional Theravāda Buddhist doctrine and meditative practice, but the cultivation of present-centered awareness is not without precedent in Buddhist history; similar innovations arose in medieval Chinese Zen (Chan) and Tibetan Dzogchen. These movements have several things in common. In each case the reforms were, in part, attempts to render Buddhist practice and insight accessible to laypeople unfamiliar with Buddhist philosophy and/or unwilling to adopt a renunciatory lifestyle. They also promised quick results. And finally, the innovations were met with suspicion and criticism from traditional Buddhist quarters. Those interested in the therapeutic effects of mindfulness and bare attention are often not aware of the existence, much less the content, of the controversies surrounding these practices in Asian Buddhist history.

scholarly journals Generative Meditations: Exploring Generative Art From the Perspective of Tibetan Buddhist Philosophy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Benjamin Jack
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Buddhism ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Buddhist Philosophy ◽  
Computational Creativity ◽  
Tibetan Buddhist ◽  
Generative Art ◽  
Generative Processes

<p>the purpose of this thesis is to document and explore the subjective struggles I have encountered in my own practise as a generative artist rather than to provide an objective overview of computational generative art. Hopefully this process will give some context from the ground up (from an artist’s perspective) to some of the larger questions that I and others in the field are asking about generative art.  From the preliminary questions arising from these struggles I begin to explore and develop a generative art practise that primarily focuses on the topics of human experience and ideas directly related to human experience. This is opposed to using generative processes to explore ideas fundamentally based on computation (a-life, emergence, computational creativity, and data etc..). The foundation of, and reasons behind, such a focus are based on the non-realist and non-materialist philosophical tenets of Tibetan Buddhism, in particular the philosophy of the Madhyamika-Prasangika school of thought. The purpose of developing a generative practise based on the philosophy and symbolism of Tibetan Buddhism is to find a method to create personally relevant artwork with a firm foundation in a well established culture of art and philosophy. I might add however, that this isn’t merely a self-reflective exercise but rather it should be of interest to others in the field of (and study of) Generative art to see how this artistic method might be approached from a vastly different philosophical stance to the materialist view that receives the majority of attention in the field.</p>

scholarly journals Buddhism and Cognitive Science: How Can the Dialogue Move Forward?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Buddhist Philosophy ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Keynote Lecture ◽  
Behavioural Effects ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The University

This paper is the text of a keynote lecture for the conference "Buddhism, Mind, and Cognitive Science" at the University of California, Berkeley, April 25, 2014. The main proposition is that the Buddhism-cognitive science encounter needs to be fundamentally reoriented in order to have a chance of becoming a genuine dialogue. At present, the encounter takes its direction from scientific research on meditation and gives primacy to the measurable biological and behavioural effects of meditation practices in controlled experimental and clinical situations. Although this research is worthwhile, it is neither the same as nor sufficient for a dialogue between Buddhism and cognitive science about the mind. I argue that the Buddhism cognitive science encounter should take its direction from philosophy and give primacy to the constitution of meaning in human experience. Buddhist philosophy especially must be central to this dialogue.

From words and sentences to interjections: The anatomy of exclamations in Peirce and Wittgenstein

Semiotica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (205) ◽  
pp. 37-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinda L. Gorlée
Keyword(s):  
Ludwig Wittgenstein ◽  
Charles Sanders Peirce ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Language Games ◽  
Metaphorical Language ◽  
Degenerate Form ◽  
Forms Of Life ◽  
Cultural Forms ◽  
Mixed Languages

AbstractInterjections are exclamatory signs fostering a realistic conception of the perils and uncertainties of human experience. Natural interjections are reactionary signs in degenerate pre-signs (preverbs or prenouns), unconnected to other syntactic forms of grammar. The simplicity of natural interjections are distinguished from the more complex occasional interjections, expressed in full pseudo-sentences with grammatical constructions. The prehistory of the natural interjections are first the simple cries of babies, and second the artificial construction of pidgin (creolization) of mixed languages. In interjections, literal language becomes transformed into figurative and metaphorical “language,” that is intermedial speech with vocalization and gestures. Peirce’s “syntax” (Charles Sanders Peirce 1839–1914) argues for the pragmatic interjections in the exclamations of spontaneous cries and shouts. In the framework of Peirce’s logical categories, interjections represent first of secondness. The degenerate form analyzes the vague or indeterminate meaning through pictures of diagrams. Wittgenstein’s social “grammar” (Ludwig Wittgenstein 1889–1951) of language-games is subject to cultural forms of life. Wittgenstein disagrees on accepting the “nonsensical” or meaningless interjections, but in his later writings he will agree to giving the interjections fuzzy meanings.

Doctor-Patient Relationship: The impact of Mindfulness on Empathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s774-s774
Author(s):  
S. Darbeda ◽  
M. Etchevers
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Compassionate Care ◽  
Doctor Patient Relationship ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Impact

Introduction..The doctor-patient relationship has an increasingly important place in medical studies. Empathy is one of the quality criteria of the relationship. The development of mindfulness in medical schools is booming.ObjectivesTo investigate the relation between empathy and mindfulness among residents and doctors.Methods.Doctors and residents were asked to complete a demographic questionnaire – questions on their personal development practices – and two scales. The Mindful Awareness Warning Scale (MAAS) is a unidimensional scale measuring attention and mindfulness and Jefferson Physician Empathy Scale (JSPE) is a scale measuring the clinical empathy across 3 dimensions: “perspective taking”, “compassionate care” and “in the patient's shoes”. Multivariate linear regressions were performed to analyse the correlation between each score of JSPE and explanatory variables.Results.One hundred ninety-three questionnaires were analyzed: 87% were general practitioners, the average age was 34 years old (SD 11) and 69% were women. Regarding personal development practices, 18% practised mindfulness meditation regularly or occasionally (23% for yoga and 31% for relaxation). No correlation between the scores of JSPE and the MAAS score was found. However, doctors who practiced mindfulness had a highest score of “compassionate care” (95% CI [1.26; 4.91], P = 0.0012).Conclusions.The mindfulness would be an effective tool for the development of the welfare of the doctors, and improving the quality of empathy and therapeutic efficacy. To support these data, it would be interesting to conduct an interventional study by offering French doctors and interns the possibility of following courses of mindfulness.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Educational context of Berdyaev's personalism

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Pavol Dancák
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Education ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Kingdom Of God ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
Human Personality ◽  
Philosophical Reflection ◽  
The Creation

Educational context of Berdyaev's personalism Berdyaev is with his considerations of man rated among multitude of personalists who view man in subtle philosophical - religious reflection. In his philosophical reflection, human personality materializes in transcendence which is an essential part of human being and which characterizes whole world of human experience. Personality is not only any general substantial designation but it is a manifestation of man's uniqueness. Maieutic change of man's thinking and acting is clearly teleologicaly oriented to the creation of Kingdom of God on this earth, in cooperation with the holy Personality. Berdyaev's personalism presents precious contribution to the discourse on philosophy of education about inner certainty of purpose.

scholarly journals Towards Compassionate Care: A Critical Race Analysis of Teaching in Township Schools

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal Kennemer ◽  
Christopher B. Knaus
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Instructional Strategies ◽  
Ethic Of Care ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Compassionate Care ◽  
School Day ◽  
Analysis Of Teaching ◽  
Race Analysis

This article presents findings from a critical race theory-informed qualitative study of three teachers in a township secondary school outside of Cape Town, South Africa. Based on a series of interviews conducted throughout the school day, this study demonstrates how teachers intentionally empower learners to navigate school infrastructures that reinforce racial disparities. Findings centre a commitment to empowering instructional strategies, including code-switching and an ethic of compassionate care for learners of colour navigating resource-poor schools. The article concludes by arguing for immediate attention to remedying historic racialised disparities, fostering code-switching as intentional instructional approaches, and considering an ethic of care that helps learners navigate the daily conditions of township life.

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