scholarly journals Content Analysis of International Standards for Human Factors in Ship Design and Operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-465
Author(s):  
Farizha Ibrahim ◽  
Mohd Norsyarizad Razali ◽  
Noh Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Human Error ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Ship Design ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Standards And Guidelines

Human-related factors account for more than 80% of accidents at sea, based on studies. According to Global Claims Review 2017 released by Allianz Global Corporate & Specialty, an estimated 75-96% of shipping accidents have a high probability of involving human error (AGCS, 2017). Designs that do not meet human factors' needs play a significant role in contributing to human error. Documents in terms of design standards and guidelines, rules, and laws are analyzed. As a result, several documents related to human factors have been identified. These documents are based on whether to implement it, even if some are prescriptive, and others are mandatory, being published at different enforcement levels. In ensuring the consistent implementation of human factors, regulators and authorities need to take stricter measures in all the processes involved in designing and building such ships.

scholarly journals Design and evaluation of UAV ground control station by considering human factors standards and guidelines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiwo Amida
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Ground Control Station ◽  
Programming Techniques ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Standards And Guidelines ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index

The majority of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) accidents can be directly related to human error. For this reason, standards and guidelines focusing on human factors have been published by various organizations such as Transport Canada, FAA, EASA, NASA and military agencies. The objective of this thesis is to present a methodology for designing a Ground Control Station (GCS) using available standards and guidelines for human factors. During the design process, a detailed analysis was performed using human factors methods to ensure all requirements were met; each phase of the design follows the guidelines presented in the compiled human factors standards and guidelines. The GCS interface was developed using advanced programming techniques and commercial off-the-shelf software. Moreover, an operator workload evaluation was carried out using NASA task load index for validation of design methodology. It was found that the applied methodology not only improved the pilot workload, but also ensured that all user and stakeholders’ requirements are met.

A Content Analysis of Human Factors in Ships Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 156 (A3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Design Specification ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Marine Systems ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
A Site ◽  
Adequate Design

Research shows that more than 80% of accidents at sea were caused by human related factors. Some experts implied that less than adequate design is one significant element that may lead to human errors. There are several ways to discover whether a design has considered human factors, i.e., to refer to the design specification, to consult the designers, to conduct a direct observation through a site visit or through a model, to interview the users, or to look into the system that regulates the design. This paper applied a content analysis methodology to explore how human factors have been covered in the design of marine systems. Various documents such as rules, regulations, design guidelines, standards and other texts have been analysed. The results indicate that there are extensive references that cover human factors in designing ships. They are published with different degrees of enforcement, some are prescriptive and some are obligatory but still optional. The topic is developing very rapidly. A more assertive measure is required from the regulators to endorse human factors into implementation.

Human Factors Applications to Health Care Systems

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (17) ◽  
pp. 1167-1167
Author(s):  
Susan Meadows
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Demonstration Program ◽  
Care Systems

This demonstration program shows how human factors design and evaluation principles can be applied to the area of medical device and healthcare systems. The objective is to provide examples of evaluations and new designs for healthcare products which reduce human error and improve medical devices and instructional materials. International performance and design standards incorporating human factors principles are gaining more attention because of the efforts of the European medical device industry to standardize products.

scholarly journals Design and evaluation of UAV ground control station by considering human factors standards and guidelines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiwo Amida
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Ground Control Station ◽  
Programming Techniques ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Standards And Guidelines ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index

The majority of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) accidents can be directly related to human error. For this reason, standards and guidelines focusing on human factors have been published by various organizations such as Transport Canada, FAA, EASA, NASA and military agencies. The objective of this thesis is to present a methodology for designing a Ground Control Station (GCS) using available standards and guidelines for human factors. During the design process, a detailed analysis was performed using human factors methods to ensure all requirements were met; each phase of the design follows the guidelines presented in the compiled human factors standards and guidelines. The GCS interface was developed using advanced programming techniques and commercial off-the-shelf software. Moreover, an operator workload evaluation was carried out using NASA task load index for validation of design methodology. It was found that the applied methodology not only improved the pilot workload, but also ensured that all user and stakeholders’ requirements are met.

A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF HUMAN FACTORS IN SHIPS DESIGN

2021 ◽  
Vol 156 (A3) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Rumawas ◽  
B E Asbjørnslett
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Design Specification ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Marine Systems ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
A Site ◽  
Adequate Design

Research shows that more than 80% of accidents at sea were caused by human related factors. Some experts implied that less than adequate design is one significant element that may lead to human errors. There are several ways to discover whether a design has considered human factors, i.e., to refer to the design specification, to consult the designers, to conduct a direct observation through a site visit or through a model, to interview the users, or to look into the system that regulates the design. This paper applied a content analysis methodology to explore how human factors have been covered in the design of marine systems. Various documents such as rules, regulations, design guidelines, standards and other texts have been analysed. The results indicate that there are extensive references that cover human factors in designing ships. They are published with different degrees of enforcement, some are prescriptive and some are obligatory but still optional. The topic is developing very rapidly. A more assertive measure is required from the regulators to endorse human factors into implementation.

Human Factors to Minimize the Human Error and Improving Patient Safety

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
Sanjay Saproo ◽  
◽  
Dr. Sanjeev Bansal ◽  
Dr. Amit Kumar Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Error

scholarly journals THE FUTURE OF PASSENGER AIR TRANSPORT – VERY LARGE AIRCRAFT AND OUT KEY HUMAN FACTORS AFFECTING THE OPERATION AND SAFETY OF PASSENGER AIR TRANSPORT

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Petra Skolilova
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fuel Burn ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

The article outlines some human factors affecting the operation and safety of passenger air transport given the massive increase in the use of the VLA. Decrease of the impact of the CO2 world emissions is one of the key goals for the new aircraft design. The main wave is going to reduce the burned fuel. Therefore, the eco-efficiency engines combined with reasonable economic operation of the aircraft are very important from an aviation perspective. The prediction for the year 2030 says that about 90% of people, which will use long-haul flights to fly between big cities. So, the A380 was designed exactly for this time period, with a focus on the right capacity, right operating cost and right fuel burn per seat. There is no aircraft today with better fuel burn combined with eco-efficiency per seat, than the A380. The very large aircrafts (VLAs) are the future of the commercial passenger aviation. Operating cost versus safety or CO2 emissions versus increasing automation inside the new generation aircraft. Almost 80% of the world aircraft accidents are caused by human error based on wrong action, reaction or final decision of pilots, the catastrophic failures of aircraft systems, or air traffic control errors are not so frequent. So, we are at the beginning of a new age in passenger aviation and the role of the human factor is more important than ever.

A Comparison of Rule-Based and Machine Learning Models for Classification of Human Factors Aviation Safety Event Reports

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Katherine Darveau ◽  
Daniel Hannon ◽  
Chad Foster
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
Safety Event

There is growing interest in the study and practice of applying data science (DS) and machine learning (ML) to automate decision making in safety-critical industries. As an alternative or augmentation to human review, there are opportunities to explore these methods for classifying aviation operational events by root cause. This study seeks to apply a thoughtful approach to design, compare, and combine rule-based and ML techniques to classify events caused by human error in aircraft/engine assembly, maintenance or operation. Event reports contain a combination of continuous parameters, unstructured text entries, and categorical selections. A Human Factors approach to classifier development prioritizes the evaluation of distinct data features and entry methods to improve modeling. Findings, including the performance of tested models, led to recommendations for the design of textual data collection systems and classification approaches.

Cultural societies and information needs: Croats in New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (8/9) ◽  
pp. 652-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Krtalić ◽  
Ivana Hebrang Grgić
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper was to explore how small immigrant communities in host countries collect, disseminate and present information about their home country and their community, and the role of formal societies and clubs in it. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents the results of a case study of the Croatian community in New Zealand. To illustrate how cultural and technological changes affected information dissemination and communication within the community, the case study presents both historical and current situations. Methods used in this case study included a content analysis of historical newspapers published in New Zealand by the Croatian community, content analysis of current webpages and social networking sites, and interviews with participants who have management roles in Croatian societies and communities in New Zealand. Data were collected from December 2018 to February 2019. Findings Formally established clubs and societies, but also informal groups of immigrants and their descendants can play a significant role in providing their members with information about the culture, social life and events of the home country. They also play a significant role in preserving part of the history and heritage which is relevant, not only for a specific community but also for the history and culture of a home country. Originality/value The methodology used in the research is based on data from community archives and can be used for studying other small immigrant communities in New Zealand or abroad. The case study presented in the paper illustrates how the information environment of small immigrant communities develops and changes over the years under the influence of diverse political, social and technological changes.

The Prevention of Laparoscopic Bile Duct Injuries: An Analysis of 300 Cases of from a Human Factors and Cognitive Psychology Perspective

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 617-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lygia Stewart ◽  
Lawrence W. Way
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Bile Duct Injury ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Perceptual Illusion ◽  
Bile Duct Injuries ◽  
Psychology Perspective ◽  
Cause Of Error ◽  
Key Steps

Application of human factors concepts to high-risk activities has facilitated reduction in human error. With introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the incidence of bile duct injury increased. Seeking ideas for prevention, we analyzed 300 laparoscopic bile duct injuries within the framework of human error analysis. The primary cause of error (97%) was a visual perceptual illusion. The laparoscopic environment contributed to 75% of injuries, poor visibility 22%. Most injuries involved deliberate major bile duct transection due to misperception of the anatomy. This illusion was so compelling that the surgeon usually did not recognize it. Even when irregular cues were detected, improper rules were employed, eliminating feedback. Since the complication-causing error occurred at few key steps during laparoscopic cholecystectomy; we instituted focused training to heighten vigilance, and have formulated specific rules to decrease the incidence of bile duct injury. In addition, factors in the laparoscopic environment contributing to this illusion are discussed.

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