Reviews: Science and Technology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland, Rooted in the Soil: A History of Cottage Gardens and Allotments in Ireland since 1750, Gladstone and Ireland: Politics, Religion and Nationality in the Victorian Age, Cultures of Care in Irish Medical History, 1750–1970, Economy, Trade and Irish Merchants at Home and Abroad, 1600–1988, The Annals of the Four Masters: Irish History, Kingship and Society in the Early Seventeenth Century, Aloys Fleischmann (1880–1964): Immigrant Musician in Ireland, Lordship in Medieval Ireland: Image and Reality, Fighting like the Devil for the Sake of God: Protestants, Catholics and the Origins of Violence in Victorian Belfast, Sean Lemass: Democratic Dictator, Clanricard's Castle: Portumna House, Co. Galway, The Quirky Dr Fay: A Remarkable Life, The Goodbodys: Millers, Merchants and Manufacturers. The Story of an Irish Quaker Family, 1630–1950, Irish Socialist Republicanism, 1909–36, The Irish Lord Lieutenancy c.1541–1922, Ulster Liberalism, 1778–1876, Glassmaking in Ireland from the Medieval to the Contemporary, Ireland and Medicine in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, Irish and English: Essays on the Irish Linguistic and Cultural Frontier, 1600–1900, The Irish Defence Forces 1940–1949: The Chief of Staff's Reports, Anglo-Irish and Gaelic Women in Ireland c.1170–1540, Cardinal Paul Cullen and His World, The Society of the Sacred Heart in Nineteenth-Century France, 1800–1865, Regulating Sexuality: Women in Twentieth-Century Northern Ireland, Françoise Henry in Co. Mayo, Estates and Landed Society in Galway, Longford History and Society: Interdisciplinary Essays in the History of an Irish County, Irish Novelists and the Victorian Age, The Great War and Memory in Irish Culture, 1918–2010, Irish Nationalists and the Making of the Irish Race, The Friars in Ireland, 1224–1540, a Labour History of Ireland, 1824–2000, in Search of Fame and Fortune: The Leahy Family of Engineers, 1780–1888, Making Ireland English: The Irish Aristocracy in the Seventeenth Century, Military Aviation in Ireland, 1921–1945, Coercive Confinement in Ireland: Patients, Prisoners and Penitents, a Guide to Sources for the History of Irish Education 1780–1922, William Monsell of Tervoe 1812–1894: Catholic Unionist, Anglo-Irishman, Youth Policy, Civil Society and the Modern Irish State, Gender and Medicine in Ireland, 1700–1950, a Loss of Innocence? Television and Irish Society 1960–72, The Old Library, Trinity College Dublin, 1712–2012, Gladstone: Ireland and Beyond, William O'Brien, 1881–1968

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-211
Author(s):  
Finnian O'Cionnaith ◽  
Jeremy Burchardt ◽  
Carla King ◽  
Susan Mullaney ◽  
Brian Gurrin ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
Peter Rowley-Conwy

On 9 January 1843, Richard Griffith addressed the Royal Irish Academy (RIA) about some antiquities found in the River Shannon. The river was being dredged to render it navigable, and the artefacts were discovered during the deepening of the old ford at Keelogue. Griffith was the chairman of the Commissioners carrying out the work, and his expertise was in engineering rather than ancient history. He stated that the finds came from a layer of gravel; in its upper part were many bronze swords and spears, while a foot lower were numerous stone axes. Due to the rapidity of the river’s flow there was very little aggradation, so despite the small gap the bronze objects were substantially later than the stone ones. The river formed the border between the ancient kingdoms of Connaught and Leinster. The objects had apparently been lost in two battles for the ford that had taken place at widely differing dates; stressing that he was no expert himself, Mr Griffith wondered whether ancient Irish history might contain records of battles at this spot (Griffith 1844). This was probably the earliest non-funerary stratigraphic support for the Three Age System ever published, but it did not signal the acceptance of the Three Age System. Just as telling as Griffith’s stratigraphic observation was his immediate recourse to ancient history for an explanation; for, as we shall see, ancient history provided the dominant framework for the ancient Irish past until the end of the nineteenth century. The Irish had far more early manuscript sources than the Scots or the English, although wars and invasions had reduced them; the Welsh scholar Edward Lhwyd wrote from Sligo on 12 March 1700 to his colleague Henry Rowlands that ‘the Irish have many more ancient manuscripts than we in Wales; but since the late revolutions they are much lessened. I now and then pick up some very old parchment manuscripts; but they are hard to come by, and they that do anything understand them, value them as their lives’ (in Rowlands 1766: 315). In the seventeenth century various Irish scholars brought together the historical accounts available to them. Geoffrey Keating (Seathrú n Céitinn, in Irish) wrote the influential Foras Feasa ar Éirinn or ‘History of Ireland’ in c.1634, and an English translation was printed in 1723 (Waddell 2005).


Author(s):  
Jonathan Hehn

This chapter outlines the history of Presbyterian worship practice from the sixteenth century to the present, with a focus on North American Presbyterians. Tracing both their hymnody and their liturgy ultimately to John Calvin, Presbyterian communions have a distinct heritage of worship inherited from the Church of Scotland via seventeenth-century Puritans. Long marked by metrical psalmody and guided by the Westminster Directory, Presbyterian worship underwent substantial changes in the nineteenth century. Evangelical and liturgical movements led Presbyterians away from a Puritan visual aesthetic, into the use of nonscriptural hymnody, and toward a recovery of liturgical books. Mainline North American and Scottish Presbyterians solidified these trends in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries; however, conservative North American denominations and some other denominations globally continue to rely heavily on the use of a worship directory and metrical psalmody.


1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
George D. Sussman

The history of the professions in the West since the French Revolution is a success story, a triumph, but not always an easy one. From the beginning of the nineteenth century in continental Europe the professions had a great attraction as careers presumably open to talent, but the demand for professional services developed more slowly than interest in professional careers and more slowly than the schools that supplied the market. Lenore O'Boyle has drawn attention to this discrepancy and the revolutionary potential of the frustrated careerists produced by it.


Author(s):  
Frank Feder

This chapter examines the history of the famous Bashmuric revolts and introduces the so-called Bashmuric dialect of Coptic. The Bashmuric revolts were recorded by Coptic and Arabic medieval historians and became known to European scholars as early as the beginning of the nineteenth century. In the eighth and ninth centuries, the population of the Delta revolted very successfully for a longer period against the Arab rule and administration. Historians and the History of the Patriarchs attributed the revolts to the insupportable fiscal demands and unjust treatment of the Christian population by the Muslim governors (walis). The appearance of the Bashmuric dialect is first noted in the description of Athanasius of Qus (fourteenth century) in his Coptic grammar written in Arabic. Early scholars (beginning in the seventeenth century) studying Coptic manuscripts then tried to apply Athanasius' division of the Coptic language to the Coptic texts.


2020 ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Kevin Duong

This conclusion reviews the importance of studying redemptive violence in nineteenth century France in light of the political history of the twentieth century. It argues that, despite the increased intensity of violence in the twentieth century, a study of redemptive violence in the nineteenth century is still important for us today. That is because it emphasizes that all democratic revolutions are social revolutions. All democratic revolutions pose the problem of reconstructing democratic social bonds. Redemptive violence’s history underscores that fraternité was always as important as liberty and equality in the French tradition. Critics of fraternité today ignore the importance of democratic solidarity at their peril.


1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-169
Author(s):  
James A. Reilly

The importance of sharī‘a law-court registers as sources for the social and economic history of Syria/Bilād al-Shām in the Ottoman period has been recognized for some time. A number of studies based on them have appeared, but the registers are so vast that scholars have in fact barely begun to investigate them. The Historical Documents Center (Markaz al-Wathā’iq al-Tārīkhīya) in Damascus holds over one thousand volumes. Additional originals exist in Israel/Palestine and a large collection of Syrian and Palestinian registers is available on microfilm at the University of Jordan (Amman). Although it is difficult to use the Lebanese registers nowadays (and those of Sidon may have been destroyed) a volume of the Tripoli registers from the seventeenth century has been published in facsimile by the Lebanese University. Dearth of material, therefore, is not a problem. One obstacle facing researchers, however, is unfamiliarity with the manner in which the registers present information. Persons whose native tongue is not Arabic have the additional problem of language to overcome. Therefore, an orientation to the registers is helpful, and this article is written with that purpose in mind.


1957 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
G. de Bertier de Sauvigny

The political history of France, as usually recorded, appears to be a conflict of parties, ideologies and ideologists: liberals against conservatives, royalists against republicans, and radicals against politicians of moderate tendencies. The Marxian conception of history has fortunately contributed to directing scientific research toward economic factors which might explain the attitude taken by this or that social group in certain circumstances, or might account for the progress of some parties in a specific region. Yet, research in that direction does not appear to have achieved any sensational discovery: to reduce all political history to a struggle between the “haves” and the “have-nots” is oversimplification and does not account for the disconcerting complexity of political strife in nineteenth century France.


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