scholarly journals Making Wearables in Aid

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Bergtora Sandvik
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Constitutive Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tracking Devices ◽  
Ambiguous Position ◽  
Initial Exploration ◽  
Private Sector Involvement

This is an initial exploration of an emergent type of humanitarian goods – wearables for tracking and protecting the health, safety and nutrition of aid recipients. Examining the constitutive process of ‘humanitarian wearables’, the article reflects on the ambiguous position of digital humanitarian goods developed at the interface of emergency response contexts, the digitisation of beneficiary bodies and the rise of data and private-sector involvement in humanitarian aid. The article offers a set of contextual framings: first, it describes the proliferation and capabilities of various tracking devices across societal domains; second, it gives a brief account of the history of wristbands in refugee management and child nutrition; third, an inventory is given of prototype products and their proposed uses in aid. It is argued that what needs to be understood is that, in ‘the making’ of humanitarian wearables, the product is the data produced by digitised beneficiary bodies, not the wearables themselves.

The lighthouse in economics: colonial America's experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin G. Mixon ◽  
Robert Shaw Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
American History ◽  
Nobel Laureate ◽  
Mixed System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Private Sector Involvement ◽  
Public Partnerships

With the 1974 publication of his study titled 'The lighthouse in economics', Nobel Laureate Ronald Coase demonstrated that England's history of lighthouse services provision includes examples of private sector involvement, dating back to 1614 and going forward to 1816. Critics argue, however, that Coase perhaps overstated the case in concluding that most lighthouse services during this period were 'privately provided', and instead explain that this particular industry provides an example of a mixed system of private-public partnerships. This study integrates these critiques into a Coase-type examination of the existence of 'private-ness' in lighthouse services provision in colonial American history. In doing so, it fills a hole in the literature that has existed since Coase's examination of the history of lighthouse services provision in England.

scholarly journals History of Pharmaceutical Development in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Dharma Prasad Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Hospital Pharmacy ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Allopathic Medicine ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Pharmaceutical Development ◽  
Mission Hospital ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pharmaceutical Education

The historical event of the development of pharmacy was started during ancient Lichchhavi ruler Amshu Berma date back to 605-620 AD when a Ayurvedic hospital was established. In 1641-1674 AD, King Pratap Malla started ayurvedic medicine production unit in the royal place. Modern allopathic medicines were introduced in Nepal in 1816 AD after Suguali Treaty and establishment of British residency in Nepal. Allopathic medicine manufacturing was started in 1969 in private sector and a government undertaking Royal Drug Limited was established in 1972.  Department of Drug Administration (DDA), a drug regulating Agency of the country was established according to the Drug Act in 1979. The pharmaceutical education was started in Nepal with the commencement of the Proficiency Certificate Level, a two and half year program (Intermediate in Pharmacy that is similar to Diploma of Pharmacy) at the Institute of Medicine, Tribhuban University in 1972. Santabhavan Hospital (present patan Hospital that was established in 1956) is pioneer to start hospital Pharmacy service in Nepal followed by Tansen Mission hospital Palpa that was started operation in 1959.Journal of Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health SciencesVol. 3, No. 1, 2017, page: 86-93 

scholarly journals Potential Private Sector Involvement in Supporting Refugee Livelihoods and Self-reliance in Uganda: Annotated Bibliography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Louise Strachan
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Project Impact ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
Investment Opportunities ◽  
Development Programming ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Private Sector Involvement

There is some evidence of the private sector playing a role in supporting refugee livelihoods and self-reliance in Uganda during the period 2016-2020. However, a number of evaluations and research reports highlight the potential for greater private sector involvement, if existing constraints are addressed. Key lessons identified in the literature include the need for more research, especially on market potential, to address the existing knowledge gaps on the role the private sector can play in supporting refugee livelihoods and self-reliance in Uganda. The literature notes that limited access to capital, as well as appropriate financing schemes, are key constraints to the growth of the agribusiness sector. Furthermore, access to natural resources required for agri-business, such as land and water needs to receive more attention from NGOs and donors. The evidence also shows that there is a need for guidelines on the monitoring and evaluation of humanitarian adaptations of market systems development programming. The literature also notes that local actors should be involved in the design and assessment of investment opportunities and risk of interventions to increase project impact.

The social context of iron forging on the Kenya coast

Africa ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chapurukha M. Kusimba
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Power ◽  
High Status ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ambiguous Position

Ironsmiths occupy an important yet ambiguous position in many African societies. They are both revered and feared, because they wield social power which arises from their access to occult knowledge, not only of metallurgy but of healing, divination, circumcision and peacemaking. In some societies smiths enjoy high status and are the wealthiest people. In others they are feared, covertly maligned, and blamed for societal misfortunes. In still others the smiths' position is often marginal except when they are needed to intercede on their society's behalf to solve natural or cultural predicaments. The forge or smithy plays a central role in the community as tool-making centre, a place of refuge from violence, of purification, and for healing. This article examines the social context of iron forging among the ironsmiths of the Kenya coast, focusing on the role of iron forging in the coastal economy, the forge, the smiths' life cycle, the institution of apprenticeship, the ritual and technical power of smiths, the role of women in the smiths' community, and the future of iron forging on the coast. It is argued that, while coastal smiths are marginal and despised, they hold important ritual and spiritual powers in coastal society. The article concludes that a detailed understanding of the traditional crafts historically practised on the coast can do much to illuminate the complex history of coastal society.

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