Distributing the eric database on compact disc: A case history of private sector involvement in the distribution of public sector data

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-557
Author(s):  
Ted Brandhorst
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin G. Mixon ◽  
Robert Shaw Bridges

With the 1974 publication of his study titled 'The lighthouse in economics', Nobel Laureate Ronald Coase demonstrated that England's history of lighthouse services provision includes examples of private sector involvement, dating back to 1614 and going forward to 1816. Critics argue, however, that Coase perhaps overstated the case in concluding that most lighthouse services during this period were 'privately provided', and instead explain that this particular industry provides an example of a mixed system of private-public partnerships. This study integrates these critiques into a Coase-type examination of the existence of 'private-ness' in lighthouse services provision in colonial American history. In doing so, it fills a hole in the literature that has existed since Coase's examination of the history of lighthouse services provision in England.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Bergtora Sandvik

This is an initial exploration of an emergent type of humanitarian goods – wearables for tracking and protecting the health, safety and nutrition of aid recipients. Examining the constitutive process of ‘humanitarian wearables’, the article reflects on the ambiguous position of digital humanitarian goods developed at the interface of emergency response contexts, the digitisation of beneficiary bodies and the rise of data and private-sector involvement in humanitarian aid. The article offers a set of contextual framings: first, it describes the proliferation and capabilities of various tracking devices across societal domains; second, it gives a brief account of the history of wristbands in refugee management and child nutrition; third, an inventory is given of prototype products and their proposed uses in aid. It is argued that what needs to be understood is that, in ‘the making’ of humanitarian wearables, the product is the data produced by digitised beneficiary bodies, not the wearables themselves.


2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1170-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Houman Ellersgaard ◽  
Jacob Aagaard Lunding ◽  
Lasse Folke Henriksen ◽  
Anton Grau Larsen

To capture elites, we must map out the organizational landscape through which they pass during their careers. This organizational landscape moulds the character of elites, tells us about the prestige of organizations that are elite incubators and provides valuable indicators about how different sectoral experiences serve to accumulate capital for the elite. Unpacking the organizational experience challenges theoretical and methodological understandings of the elite character, calling for a renewed focus on the organizational embedding of elites after school. By analysing the occupational history of 416 highly central individuals in a Danish elite network, what we term ‘the power elite’, a very distinct set of career trajectories, running through a subset of large, well-established, interconnected organizations, is mapped and analysed. To understand the different ways in which the members of this power elite accumulate ‘organizational capital’ in different fields, sequence analysis on six distinct channels, sector, subsector, size, level, rhythm and geography, is applied. Through this multi-channel sequence analysis, 10 distinct clusters of career trajectories are identified, distinguishing primarily between four private sector clusters: corporate ambassadors, industrial inner circle, bankers and landed gentry; and six public sector clusters: state nobility, professional politicians, lobbyists, scientists, unionists, and education and local politics. Analysing the careers, private sector careers are shown to be more homogeneous than public sector careers, while careers based on positions with a democratic mandate, mainly politicians and union leaders, are more turbulent and unpredictable. We link pathways to social backgrounds, showing preference for pathways for the natives in the upper class.


Recycling ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olukanni ◽  
Nwafor

This paper reviews the partnership between the public and the private sectors in providing efficient solid waste management (SWM) services. While the responsibility of providing SWM services lies with the public sector, the sector has not been able to meet the demand for efficient service delivery, especially in developing countries. In a bid to increase efficiency and lower costs incurred in rendering these services, the involvement of the private sector has been sought. With a focus on major Nigerian cities, partnerships between the local government and private operators in SWM have been analysed based on the level to which the partnership has improved the SWM services. This paper provides an understanding that the success of any public-private partnership relies on the extent to which all stakeholders perform their duties. If the public sector is slack in monitoring and supervising the activities of the private operators, the latter may focus on profit generation while neglecting efficient service delivery. Also, legislation is an important part of SWM. Without the right legislation and enforcement, waste generators will not be mandated to dispose their waste properly. The public sector as a facilitator is responsible for creating an environment for private operators to function, particularly through legislation, enforcement and public sensitization.


Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1612
Author(s):  
Tereza Rogić Lugarić ◽  
Domagoj Dodig ◽  
Jasna Bogovac

Over the past twenty years, many countries have been looking for alternative procurement models in providing public sector energy efficiency (EE) projects because of high public sector debt and budget deficit. These projects have traditionally been procured and financed by the public sector. While the majority of EU funding resources will be realized in more traditional, purely grant-funded procurement models, a new Investment Plan for Europe for the programming period 2014–2020 has focused on supporting higher private sector involvement in infrastructure investments for achieving the EU Strategy 20/20/20 goals. Seeing that the fundamental purpose of investing in infrastructure is investing in providing public services, the involvement of the private sector is only possible through some alternative procurement models. In these initiatives both the public and the private sector retain their own identities and responsibilities, while their co-operation is based on clearly defined divisions of tasks and risks. The main objective of this paper is to assess the effectiveness of blending alternative procurement models with available EU funding mechanisms in EE sector by applying case study simulation. The findings will show the effectiveness of alternative options and the use of blending solutions in EE investments.


2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.W. Von Bergen ◽  
William (Will) T. Mawer ◽  
Barlow Soper

During the last decade more than 100 governmental units (primarily cities) have implemented living wage ordinances. These regulations require private sector employers who receive public funds through subsidies and contracts to pay their workforces a wage based on “need” rather than “skill.” Such ordinances feature a minimum wage floor that is higher—often much higher—than the traditional minimum wages set by state and federal legislation. This paper provides a history of the living wage movement and presents its benefits and challenges to assist local authorities in decision-making regarding this controversial and politicized issue.


2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack E James

Abstract Public financing to incentivise private sector innovation in antimicrobial pharmaceuticals is believed by many to be necessary to defeat growing threats from antimicrobial resistance. Large cash incentives from the public sector are said to be essential to stimulate ‘normal’ market forces capable of unleashing much-needed innovation. However, there is little evidence to suggest that lack of innovation in drug development is peculiar to antimicrobials or that current deficits in the supply of antimicrobials is due to unique inefficiencies in the antimicrobial market. Neither the history of drug development in general nor of antimicrobial innovation in particular supports economic interventions intended to stimulate private sector supply of new antimicrobials. On the contrary, public underwriting of the private sector, which by definition is compelled to prioritise profit, risks dire consequences for future global health.


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