The lighthouse in economics: colonial America's experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin G. Mixon ◽  
Robert Shaw Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
American History ◽  
Nobel Laureate ◽  
Mixed System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Private Sector Involvement ◽  
Public Partnerships

With the 1974 publication of his study titled 'The lighthouse in economics', Nobel Laureate Ronald Coase demonstrated that England's history of lighthouse services provision includes examples of private sector involvement, dating back to 1614 and going forward to 1816. Critics argue, however, that Coase perhaps overstated the case in concluding that most lighthouse services during this period were 'privately provided', and instead explain that this particular industry provides an example of a mixed system of private-public partnerships. This study integrates these critiques into a Coase-type examination of the existence of 'private-ness' in lighthouse services provision in colonial American history. In doing so, it fills a hole in the literature that has existed since Coase's examination of the history of lighthouse services provision in England.

scholarly journals Making Wearables in Aid

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Bergtora Sandvik
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Constitutive Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tracking Devices ◽  
Ambiguous Position ◽  
Initial Exploration ◽  
Private Sector Involvement

This is an initial exploration of an emergent type of humanitarian goods – wearables for tracking and protecting the health, safety and nutrition of aid recipients. Examining the constitutive process of ‘humanitarian wearables’, the article reflects on the ambiguous position of digital humanitarian goods developed at the interface of emergency response contexts, the digitisation of beneficiary bodies and the rise of data and private-sector involvement in humanitarian aid. The article offers a set of contextual framings: first, it describes the proliferation and capabilities of various tracking devices across societal domains; second, it gives a brief account of the history of wristbands in refugee management and child nutrition; third, an inventory is given of prototype products and their proposed uses in aid. It is argued that what needs to be understood is that, in ‘the making’ of humanitarian wearables, the product is the data produced by digitised beneficiary bodies, not the wearables themselves.

scholarly journals History of Pharmaceutical Development in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Dharma Prasad Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Hospital Pharmacy ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Allopathic Medicine ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Pharmaceutical Development ◽  
Mission Hospital ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pharmaceutical Education

The historical event of the development of pharmacy was started during ancient Lichchhavi ruler Amshu Berma date back to 605-620 AD when a Ayurvedic hospital was established. In 1641-1674 AD, King Pratap Malla started ayurvedic medicine production unit in the royal place. Modern allopathic medicines were introduced in Nepal in 1816 AD after Suguali Treaty and establishment of British residency in Nepal. Allopathic medicine manufacturing was started in 1969 in private sector and a government undertaking Royal Drug Limited was established in 1972.  Department of Drug Administration (DDA), a drug regulating Agency of the country was established according to the Drug Act in 1979. The pharmaceutical education was started in Nepal with the commencement of the Proficiency Certificate Level, a two and half year program (Intermediate in Pharmacy that is similar to Diploma of Pharmacy) at the Institute of Medicine, Tribhuban University in 1972. Santabhavan Hospital (present patan Hospital that was established in 1956) is pioneer to start hospital Pharmacy service in Nepal followed by Tansen Mission hospital Palpa that was started operation in 1959.Journal of Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health SciencesVol. 3, No. 1, 2017, page: 86-93 

Novel Approaches for Assessing the Preservation of Historic Silks: A Case Study of the First Ladies' Gowns

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Becker ◽  
Noreen Tuross
Keyword(s):  
American History ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Museum ◽  
First Ladies ◽  
Current Conservation ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Conservation Project ◽  
The Arts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Friable natural products are often used in articles of personal adornment, and the perishable nature of these materials presents a unique challenge to museums. At the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History, a collection of gowns worn by the First Ladies of the United States is a popular display of historical and sentimental import. Opened to the public on February 1, 1914, fifteen gowns were displayed as part of a “Period Costumes“ exhibit in the U.S. National Museum (now known as the Arts and Industries Building). Within just a few years, the exhibit was recognized as “one of the most interesting and popular in the Museum.” A First Ladies' Hall was created in the mid-1950s to exhibit the gown collection in period room settings. This design theme continued when the Hall moved to the Museum of American History and Technology (now the National Museum of American History) in 1964. The First Ladies' Hall was closed for renovation in 1987, allowing the curatorial staff to reassess the collection's use and conservators to perform long overdue examinations and treatments. Reinstallation of the exhibit is scheduled for spring 1992.The First Ladies' conservation project includes a history of each gown's use and exhibition as related to its physical condition and also includes stabilization treatments to meet the demands of future display. The current conservation project provided an unusual opportunity for extensive research into fabric deterioration of a popular and important collection. The goals of the research are twofold: first, to determine each object's state of preservation by studying the effectivenss of several analytical approaches with minimal destructive sampling and, second, to begin investigating the mechanisms involved in the degradation of silk, the material predominant in this collection.

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