scholarly journals QUALITY OF INSTITUTIONS IN CANDIDATE AND POTENTIAL CANDIDATE COUNTRIES COMPARED TO THE NEWEST EUROPEAN MEMBERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Trivić
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Nobel Laureate ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
World Governance Indicators

This paper deals with the quality of institutions in two samples. The first sample consists of candidates and potential candidates for membership in the European Union - Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia and N. Macedonia, while the second sample consists of the youngest member states of the European Union - Croatia, Bulgaria and Romania. In some of the earlier papers, as a co-author or author, I compared the countries of the region with the members of "New Europe", i.e. the countries that became members of the EU in 2004, but a glance look at the data today led me to the conclusion that the quality of the institutional environment in the region is more logical to compare with the newest EU members. Even in comparison with these countries, our region lags significantly behind. As a database for the quality of institutions, I used the World Governance Indicators developed by Kaufman et al. (2010). Institutions are defined as they were defined by Nobel laureate Douglas North and after him, a whole group of economists under the auspices of the New Institutional Economy.

Does Europeanization Foster Constructive Individualization?

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Genov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Acquis Communautaire ◽  
Member States ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Governance Quality

This paper aims at explaining changes in the conditions for individualization in ten central and eastern European (cee) countries after they have joined the European Union in 2004 and 2007. The expected changes had to follow the transfer of theeu’sacquis communautaireto theceeand the accompanying Europeanization understood as upgrading of governance. Indicators used in longitudinal studies are identified in order to test the assumption. Synchronic and diachronic comparison of outcomes of studies on the topic is carried out. The results don’t support the hypothesis about relevant changes in the conditions of individualization in theceecountries due to their Europeanization. The upgrading of governance quality affects the individualization in the old and neweumember states similarly. Declining quality of the conditions for individualization appears in both groups of countries with the same frequency and intensity too.

scholarly journals Eco-innovation and Economic Growth in the European Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Ana Andabaka ◽  
Martina Basarac Sertić ◽  
Martina Harc
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
To Come

Abstract Eco-innovation, as a new concept, and green technologies are central to the Europe’s future and at the core of the European Union policies to boost competitiveness, create jobs, and generate sustainable growth for years to come. In this context, eco-innovation is a significant tool that combines decreased environmental impact with a positive socioeconomic impact. This paper highlights the prominent role of eco-innovation and investigates still scarcely explored impact assessment of GDP growth, quality of institutions, and recycling rates on the eco-innovation index in the 28 European Union member states. Specifically, the set of regression analyses that use panel estimation models was undertaken and the system GMM estimator with robust standard errors was used. Econometric analysis indicates that GDP growth rate, quality of institutions, and recycling rate of municipal waste had a statistically significant and positive effect on eco-innovation in the period 2010-2016.

scholarly journals Environmental Degradation, Quality of Institutions and Tourism: New Evidence from Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-128
Author(s):  
Faqeer Muhammad ◽  
Rehmat Karim ◽  
Javed Akhter Qureshi ◽  
Naveed Razzaq ◽  
Madeeha Zahra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Lm Test ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
World Governance Indicators ◽  
The Government

This study explores the effects of tourism, quality of institutions and FDI on environmental degradation inPakistan for the two time periods i.e. 1996-2017 and 2000-2017. Quality of institutions is included in the time period2000-2017 which is adopted from world governance indicators but due to lack of the data it has not been included insecond time (1999-2017). To find out the relationship among given variables, Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regressionwas carried out, moreover, Breusch-Godfrey Serial Correlation LM test, Heteroscedasticity Test and HistogramNormality test were also applied to diagnose the econometric issues in the given models. The findings of the studyrevealed that tourism is significant and influential factor of environmental degradation in Pakistan. Similarly, foreigndirect investment is also contributing in environmental degradation but its effect is insignificant for both time periods.On the other hand, an inverse relationship is observed between quality of institution and environmental degradation.The outcomes of the study suggest that environmental degradation can be overcome by increasing the quality of theinstitutions. Moreover, the government initiatives to attract foreign tourists by introducing new visa policy, whichincludes; electronic visa, on arrival visa and opening new avenues for tourists (e.g. Kartarpur Corridor and CPECinitiatives etc.) will have tremendous impact on the national economy. However, environmental degradation is theoutcome of tourism, therefore, policy maker’s needs to consider the negative effects of tourism in addition to itspositive effects on the economy.

scholarly journals Impact of Corporate Governance Framework on Economic Performance in European Union

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (40) ◽  
pp. 236-246
Author(s):  
Dušan Steinhauser ◽  
Miroslava Čukanová
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Judicial Independence ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract In the current post-crisis period, the implementation of Corporate Governance principles has proven to be important. The Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development considers failure of Corporate Governance as one of the causes of the latest financial and economic crisis. We assume that the higher quality of institutional environment point to higher performance of the economy. The aim of the paper is to quantify the implementation of Corporate Governance in the European Union through selected qualitative indicators and his impact on economies. We have verified that countries with better values of judicial independence, protection of property rights, corruption, minority investor protection, extent of conflict of interest and resolving insolvency have a higher value of gross domestic product per capita. The index of enforcing contracts was statistically insignificant.

Environmental Degradation, Quality of Institutions and Tourism: New Evidence from Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-128
Author(s):  
Faqeer Muhammad ◽  
Rehmat Karim ◽  
Javed Akhter Qureshi ◽  
Naveed Razzaq ◽  
Madeeha Zahra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Lm Test ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
World Governance Indicators ◽  
The Government

This study explores the effects of tourism, quality of institutions and FDI on environmental degradation inPakistan for the two time periods i.e. 1996-2017 and 2000-2017. Quality of institutions is included in the time period2000-2017 which is adopted from world governance indicators but due to lack of the data it has not been included insecond time (1999-2017). To find out the relationship among given variables, Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regressionwas carried out, moreover, Breusch-Godfrey Serial Correlation LM test, Heteroscedasticity Test and HistogramNormality test were also applied to diagnose the econometric issues in the given models. The findings of the studyrevealed that tourism is significant and influential factor of environmental degradation in Pakistan. Similarly, foreigndirect investment is also contributing in environmental degradation but its effect is insignificant for both time periods.On the other hand, an inverse relationship is observed between quality of institution and environmental degradation.The outcomes of the study suggest that environmental degradation can be overcome by increasing the quality of theinstitutions. Moreover, the government initiatives to attract foreign tourists by introducing new visa policy, whichincludes; electronic visa, on arrival visa and opening new avenues for tourists (e.g. Kartarpur Corridor and CPECinitiatives etc.) will have tremendous impact on the national economy. However, environmental degradation is theoutcome of tourism, therefore, policy maker’s needs to consider the negative effects of tourism in addition to itspositive effects on the economy.

scholarly journals QUALITY OF INSTITUTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE WESTERN BALKANS

2019 ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kostić ◽  
Samir Ljajić ◽  
Slobodan Cvetanović ◽  
Vladimir Nedić
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
The Status

The paper analyzes the intensity of the influence of the quality of institutions according to the data from the World Bank's specialized Worldwide Governance Indicators database on the growth of gross domestic product per capita of 33 countries of Europe through linear and exponential regression analysis for the period from 1996 to 2016. The observed European countries are divided into three groups: 15 European Union member states in 1995; 13 EU member states from 2004, 2007 and 2013, as well as five countries of the Western Balkans that negotiate or have the status of a candidate for EU membership, in the period from 1996 to 2016. The results of the research have shown that the quality of the institutions had a very positive impact on the economic growth of the observed countries of Europe. According to statistics, positive interdependence is the most significant among the Western Balkan countries. The conclusion is that these countries have to pay special attention to the development of institutions in the process of joining the European Union.

scholarly journals Why regions fail (or succeed). The Role of Government Institutions in the Long-Run

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-144
Author(s):  
Filippo Bonanno
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Income Per Capita ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
Per Capita

This paper represents an attempt to reconcile some general intuitions provided by Daron Acemoglu and James A. Robinson in the book “Why Nations Fail” with the case of the deep regional disparities in the economic performances observed within the “Western” European Union during the period 2001-2015. By adopting an approach to growth analysis based on binary response models, this paper quantifies the extent to which the quality of government institutions has shaped regional economic performances in the European Union throughout the period comprising the Great Recession. Empirical results show that: 1) The higher is the quality of institutions, the higher is the probability that a region with high income per capita will grow above the levels of the European Union as a whole. 2) The higher is the quality of institutions, the lower is the probability that a low-income region will grow below the levels of European Union as a whole. 3) The higher is the quality of institutions, the higher (lower) is the probability that any region, regardless of its income per capita, will outperform (underperform) the European Union as a whole. 4) The higher is the quality of Institutions, the lower is the probability that a region will “fail” to grow.

scholarly journals Variations in the quality of government within the European Union: A comparative approach of Northern and Southern public bureaucracies

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-50
Author(s):  
Giorgio Oikonomou
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The North ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Core Components

The quality of government represents a critical parameter of modern states for delivering sound public policies for the benefit of citizens. Dimensions such as accountability, impartiality, mechanisms which cope effectively with corruption and government effectiveness stand as core components of the quality of government, whereas at the same time account for much of the variation in the quality of government across European Union (EU) countries. This paper seeks to examine the quality of government by comparing and contrasting countries of the EU with substantially different administrative characteristics and traditions. The research explores two Nordic countries, namely Denmark and Sweden, and, two Mediterranean countries, Italy and Greece. Taking stock of theoretical insights from the political and economic literature the core aim of the paper is to identify plausible explanations with regard to the variations in the quality of government across the four selected EU member-states. The research draws on quantitative data based on the World Bank’s Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) and the European Quality of Government index (EQGI). It is argued that certain traits (legacies) of the political-administrative systems of the countries under examination can explain much of the observed, often striking, variations in the quality of government between the North and the South European bureaucracies.

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