scholarly journals Effect of fragmentation on the Costa Rican dry forest avifauna

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Barrantes ◽  
Diego Ocampo ◽  
José D. Ramírez-Fernández ◽  
Eric J Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Habitat Structure ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Species Area ◽  
Species Occupancy

Deforestation and land use change have reduced the tropical dry forest in the northwestern region of Costa Rica into isolated fragments. We examined the effect of fragment area and length of the dry season (seasonality) on nestedness for the community (entire species matrix), assemblages (forest fragments), and species occupancy across fragments for the native avifauna, and for a subset of forest dependent species. Area or distance between fragments did not correlate with species richness across fragments. Similarity in bird community composition between fragments was related with habitat structure; fragments with similar forest structure have higher similarity in their avifaunas. Fragment area determined the pattern of nestedness of the bird community and species occupancy, but not the nestedness of assemblages across fragments in northwestern Costa Rican avifauna. Forest dependent species (species that require large tracts of mature forest) and assemblages of these species were nested along forest fragments ranked by seasonality gradient, but only occupancy of species nested by fragment area.

scholarly journals Effect of fragmentation on the Costa Rican dry forest avifauna

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Barrantes ◽  
Diego Ocampo ◽  
José D. Ramírez-Fernández ◽  
Eric J Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Habitat Structure ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Species Area ◽  
Species Occupancy

Deforestation and land use change have reduced the tropical dry forest in the northwestern region of Costa Rica into isolated fragments. We examined the effect of fragment area and length of the dry season (seasonality) on nestedness for the community (entire species matrix), assemblages (forest fragments), and species occupancy across fragments for the native avifauna, and for a subset of forest dependent species. Area or distance between fragments did not correlate with species richness across fragments. Similarity in bird community composition between fragments was related with habitat structure; fragments with similar forest structure have higher similarity in their avifaunas. Fragment area determined the pattern of nestedness of the bird community and species occupancy, but not the nestedness of assemblages across fragments in northwestern Costa Rican avifauna. Forest dependent species (species that require large tracts of mature forest) and assemblages of these species were nested along forest fragments ranked by seasonality gradient, but only occupancy of species nested by fragment area.

scholarly journals Effect of fragmentation on the Costa Rican dry forest avifauna

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Barrantes ◽  
Diego Ocampo ◽  
José D. Ramírez-Fernández ◽  
Eric J. Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Species Occupancy ◽  
Avian Assemblages

Deforestation and changes in land use have reduced the tropical dry forest to isolated forest patches in northwestern Costa Rica. We examined the effect of patch area and length of the dry season on nestedness of the entire avian community, forest fragment assemblages, and species occupancy across fragments for the entire native avifauna, and for a subset of forest dependent species. Species richness was independent of both fragment area and distance between fragments. Similarity in bird community composition between patches was related to habitat structure; fragments with similar forest structure have more similar avian assemblages. Size of forest patches influenced nestedness of the bird community and species occupancy, but not nestedness of assemblages across patches in northwestern Costa Rican avifauna. Forest dependent species (species that require large tracts of mature forest) and assemblages of these species were nested within patches ordered by a gradient of seasonality, and only occupancy of species was nested by area of patches. Thus, forest patches with a shorter dry season include more forest dependent species.

Distribution of the community of frugivorous birds along a successional gradient in a tropical dry forest in south-western Mexico

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Carlos Almazán-Núñez ◽  
María del Coro Arizmendi ◽  
Luis E. Eguiarte ◽  
Pablo Corcuera
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Dry Forests ◽  
Bird Abundance ◽  
Frugivorous Birds ◽  
Seed Predators ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Successional Forests

Abstract:Few reports have described the relationship between the distribution of frugivorous birds and vegetation successional changes in dry forests. We assessed the abundance and behaviour of frugivorous birds in early, intermediate and mature dry forests in the Balsas river basin, Guerrero, Mexico. We selected nine dry-forest fragments, three fragments per stage, in these three stages of succession. We analysed the vegetation, estimated bird abundances in 10-min count periods, and recorded the way birds process fruits in circular plots (11–15 plots per fragment, 123 plots in total). Birds were classified as seed predators (15% of all individuals in this study), pulp consumers (15%) or legitimate dispersers (70%). Bird abundance was higher in mature forests in the dry season, while abundance and richness of legitimate dispersers and seed predators were positively related to vegetation complexity. Mature forests have a high vegetation complexity and a high cover ofBurseraspecies that produce fruit during the dry season. During the rains, abundance was higher in early-successional sites when the zoochorous plants produced fruit. Legitimate disperser migrants (i.e.Tyrannus vociferans, Myiarchus cinerascensandM. tyrannulus) were widespread, helping the establishment of zoochorous trees such asBurseraspp. in early-successional forests.

Seed Banks in Savanna, Forest Fragments, and Continuous Forest Edges Differ in a Tropical Dry Forest in Madagascar

Biotropica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Valenta ◽  
Travis S. Steffens ◽  
Radoniaina R. Rafaliarison ◽  
Colin A. Chapman ◽  
Shawn M. Lehman
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Continuous Forest

scholarly journals High density of white-faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus) and habitat quality in the Taboga Forest of Costa Rica

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Tinsley Johnson ◽  
Marcela E. Benítez ◽  
Alexander Fuentes ◽  
Celia R. McLean ◽  
Ariek B. Norford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Cebus Capucinus ◽  
High Density ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Tropical Dry Forests ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Key Resources

ABSTRACTAcross the globe, primate species and habitats are threatened by human activity. This is especially true for species found in tropical dry forests, which are widely distributed and comprise diverse habitats that remain largely unprotected. Evidence suggests that some primate species endemic to tropical dry forests may be more sensitive to anthropogenic disturbance than others, but our ability to predict primate abundance in the face of disturbance also depends on the specific variables for each site. Here, we consider the factors that explain the high density of white-faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus) found in the Taboga Forest, Costa Rica, a relatively small fragment of tropical dry forest surrounded by agricultural fields. Our analyses suggest that, for capuchins (and potentially for mantled howler monkeys, Alouatta palliata), the size and disturbance of a forest fragment may matter less than the composition and availability of key resources, like above-ground water. Group sightings for both species were higher near permanent water sources, but group sightings did not vary between edge and interior forest. These findings help explain why some primate species can flourish even alongside anthropogenic disturbance and thus carry important implications for conservation efforts. Smaller forest fragments, like Taboga, may be able to support high densities of some species because they provide a mosaic of habitats and key resources that buffer adverse ecological conditions. Future studies will assess the extent to which primates in the Taboga Forest rely on the canals versus the river and will consider how the high density of capuchins in Taboga influences ranging patterns, home range overlap, and the frequency and intensity of intergroup encounters.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSHere we introduce a new white-faced capuchin study site in the Taboga Forest, Costa Rica, a fragmented tropical dry forest.Forest fragments like Taboga may support high primate densities because they provide a mosaic of habitats and key resources.

scholarly journals A universal scaling method for biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.E. Barry ◽  
G.A. Pinter ◽  
J.W. Strini ◽  
K. Yang ◽  
I.G. Lauko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Species Area

SummaryGlobal biodiversity is declining at rates faster than at any other point in human history. Experimental manipulations of biodiversity at small spatial scales have demonstrated that communities with fewer species consistently produce less biomass than higher diversity communities. However, understanding how the global extinction crisis is likely to impact global ecosystem functioning will require applying these local and largely experimental findings to natural systems at substantially larger spatial and temporal scales. Here we propose that we can use two simple macroecological patterns – the species area curve and the biomass-area curve – to upscale the species richness-biomass relationship. We demonstrate that at local spatial scales, each additional species will contribute more to biomass production with increasing area sampled because the species-area curve saturates and the biomass-area curve increases monotonically. We use species-area and biomass-area curves from a Minnesota grassland and a Panamanian tropical dry forest to examine the species richness – biomass relationship at three and ten sampling extents, respectively. In both datasets, the observed relationship between biodiversity and biomass production at every sampling extent was predicted from simple species-area and biomass-area relationships. These findings suggest that macroecological patterns like the species-area curve underpin the scaling of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning research and can be used to predict these relationships at the global scales where they are relevant for species loss.

A new species of the armored spider genus Caraimatta Lehtinen, 1981 from Colombia (Araneae: Synspermiata: Tetrablemmidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4619 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-176
Author(s):  
ANDRÉS F. GARCÍA ◽  
LEONEL MARTÍNEZ ◽  
DANIELA AHUMADA-C
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
First Record ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the armored spider genus Caraimatta Lehtinen, 1981 from Colombian Tropical dry forest fragments is described and illustrated: Caraimatta brescoviti sp. nov. (based on male and female) from Bolivar and Sucre departments, representing the first record of the genus from Colombia. Additionally, photographs of Monoblemma muchmorei Shear, 1978 (other tetrablemmid species previously recorded from the country) are given. A map with the known distribution and an identification key for males and females of the Caraimatta species are also included.  

scholarly journals Remotely sensed assessment of increasing chronic and episodic drought effects on a Costa Rican tropical dry forest

Ecosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cho‐ying Huang ◽  
Sandra M. Durán ◽  
Kai‐ting Hu ◽  
Hsin‐Ju Li ◽  
Nathan G. Swenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Drought Effects
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