scholarly journals The Crossing Speed of Elderly Pedestrians

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-183
Author(s):  
Ana Trpković ◽  
Marina Milenković ◽  
Milan Vujanić ◽  
Branimir Stanić ◽  
Draženko Glavić
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Engineering Measures ◽  
Measured Speed ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
The City

The population of elderly people is rapidly growing and in terms of safety, senior pedestrians represent one of the most vulnerable group. The pedestrian crossing speed is a significant input parameter in traffic engineering, which can have effect on pedestrians’ safety, especially of older population. The objective of this study was to determine the value of the crossing speed of elderly pedestrians (65+) for different types of urban crossings. The research was conducted at ten intersections in the city of Belgrade, Serbia, using the method of direct observation and a questionnaire for collecting data. The data were analysed in the statistical software package IBM SPSS Statistics. The results showed that elderly pedestrians walk slower and the crossing type significantly influenced the speed of older population. The order of crossing types in relation to the measured speed is ranked as follows, from the lowest to the highest speed value: unsignalized, signalized, signalized with pedestrian countdown display, signalized with pedestrian island and pedestrian countdown display and finally signalized crossing with pedestrian island. According to the questionnaire results, the elderly recognize the importance of implementing pedestrian counters. This indicates the necessity to provide safe street crossing for the elderly using the corresponding engineering measures.

scholarly journals Covid-19: Upaya Preventif dan Kuratif ala Ibu Hamil

Emik ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-159
Author(s):  
Astry Ayu Praharsini
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The City ◽  
Food Consumed

In 2020 all countries in the world are busy with a pandemic caused by the Covid-19 Virus. Indonesia is one of the countries whose citizens have been infected with Covid-19 since March 2020 and its spread is fast. Symptoms of being infected with Covid-19 are cough, fever, shortness of breath, anosmia and muscle aches, but in some cases, a person who is exposed to Covid-19 does not even show symptoms at all. Covid-19 can attack various ages ranging from children to the elderly, gender, including pregnant women. Pregnant women are stated to be very vulnerable to contracting Covid-19 with various other diseases, the fear of fetal growth and development cannot be separated from the mother's worries during the Covid-19 pandemic. This article deals with how pregnant women prevent being infected with Covid-19 and how they treat themselves when infected with Covid-19.  This research was conducted in the city of Makassar. The informants involved in this study consisted of 10 pregnant women who are varied on the basis of age (between 19 and 26 years, gestational age (between 12 and 32 weeks) and occupation (seven housewives, a celebgram, a pharmacist, and a nurse). Data was collected usingthe combination of interview and observation. In this study, it was found that the positive impacts of Covid-19 pandemic for pregnant women that their togetherness with members of the family becomes more intensive because they spend more time at home, they are more concerned about personal and family hygiene, they are more physically and mentally healthy, and they become more creative in using their free time. While the negative impact of Covid-19 for pregnant women is that they experience anxiety during the Covid-19 period. However, those who have a better understanding of Covid-19 tend to be positive in dealing with it. Although the efforts made by pregnant women in relation to prevention and treatment are similar but not the same, in preventive efforts, pregnant women are more likely to combine physical activity and various intakes related to efforts to maintain immunity. Meanwhile, in curative efforts, pregnant women limit the duration of physical activity and are more routine in carrying out healing efforts. The difference in nutritional intake also lies in vitamin supplements. In preventive efforts the consumption of supplements is not so ignored and focused on the food consumed, while in a curative effort, they tend to balance food intake and supplements to maintain immunity and accelerate recovery. It is argued in this article that despite the fact pregnant women are vulnerable group, they do not have their own specific treatment either to prevent or to treat them in relation to Covid-19.

scholarly journals Threshold Research on the Elderly Pedestrian Ratio in Pedestrian Crossing Speed Setting on Signalized Crosswalks in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Huiling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Safety Hazards ◽  
Potential Safety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
Signal Time

Inadequate consideration of the elderly people crossing demand on the signalized intersections would bring great potential safety hazards, especially the speed through the crosswalk. By observing the pedestrian walking speed at three signalized crosswalks and a relatively spacious sidewalk in Chongqing, China, this paper has obtained the walking speed values of 658 elderly people and 1,176 adults at the signalized crosswalks, as well as the walking speed parameters of 868 adults and 422 elderly people on a relatively spacious sidewalk section. Comparing the walking speed of adults walking along the sidewalk section and on signalized crosswalks, the data show that there is no significant difference between these two site speeds. Similarly, when comparing the two site data of the elderly, it is found that their walking speed at the signalized crosswalk is significantly higher than that on the sidewalk section. That is to say, the speed setting for the old people crossing the crosswalk has not been fully considered. Subsequently, taking the elderly’s walking speed as input parameter, establishing the simulation models under different proportions of the elderly and different pedestrian flows, and then gain the walking speed values of the pedestrians with different quantities and different proportion of the elderly pedestrians. With the help of the unknown breakpoint Regression method, under the setting of the elderly pedestrian speed crossing the street, the proportion threshold of the elderly crossing the street at the signalized intersection is obtained. The results show that when the proportion of the elderly is more than 15% of the pedestrians crossing the street, the pedestrian crossing speed value for the signal time is suggested to be 0.97 m/s.

Isolation and Diagnosis of Fungi from Samples of Spices in the City of Nasiriya

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-9
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
White Pepper ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The City ◽  
Isolated Species

Examination of (35) samples of spices obtained from local markets for the purposes of isolating and diagnosing fungi growing on them. Anine isolates belonging to 13 different types of fungi were diagnosed by the standard dilution method with three replications, and it has been observed that the most samples from which the fungi were isolated is ginger. It was found that the most isolated species of fungi are Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Rizupes spp. A rare colony of fungi was observed, which indicates contamination of the spices under study with the fungus. The present study aims to identify the potential risks of the presence of fungi in spices and what may result from mycotoxins that may be the cause of many chronic diseases as a result of using these spices in large quantities. The study recommends limiting the use of contaminated spices, especially ginger, in preparing food and its uses, in addition to other types such as cloves, black and white pepper, and other types of spices found in the local markets, especially the expired ones.

Economic Value of Pavement for the Elderly: Case Study of Bangkok, Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 927-937
Author(s):  
Somskaow Bejranonda ◽  
◽  
Aekkapat Laksanacom ◽  
Waranan Tantiwat ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Pavement Management ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Public Facility ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
The People ◽  
The City

Based on the concept of a livable and global age-friendly city, pavements are a public facility that the city should provide to the people. Appropriate pavements will be beneficial for the people, particularly for good quality of life for the elderly to move around in the city. This study explored the behaviour of the elderly in the use of pavements and the problems confronted. The study also evaluated the value of the pavement walking area as it reflected the benefits of pavements to the elderly by applying the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). During March-May 2017, data were collected using interviews with 601 elderly living in Bangkok. The study indicated that the main problem for senior citizens regarding their use of pavements was from being disturbed by motorbikes riding on the pavements. The average value of pavement for the elderly was about THB 160 (USD 5.30) per person per year. Thus, the benefits of pavements to the elderly in Bangkok was approximately THB 158 million (USD 5.2 million) per year. Thus, policy makers should make proper budget allocations for elderly-friendly pavement management and seriously address the problems confronting the elderly in using pavements, to maximize the usefulness of pavements not only for the elderly but also for the public and to support a sustainable urban development.

Levels of Radon in Different Types of Juices Are Different In Origin Consumed and Effective on Human Health in the City of Hilla-Babel-Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
LAKEN H.A. ◽  
AHMED. Y. ALI ◽  
INAAM H. KADHIM ◽  
MOHAMMED R. KAHLIL ◽  
NASIR HUSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The City

ENSURING THE PEDESTRIAN’S SAFETY DESIGN OF URBAN STREET CROSSWALKS

2019 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Nemchinov
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Minimum Distance ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Positive Practices ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
The City

The article presents an analysis of positive practices for ensuring the safety of pedestrians at the inter-section of the city streets carriageway, as well as a description of some innovations of regulatory and tech-nical documents, including an increased number of cases when a safety island can be arranged at a pedestri-an crossing. requirements for providing visibility at a pedestrian crossing to determine the minimum distance of visibility at a pedestrian crossing based on the time required pedestrians for crossing the roadway, recommended options for using ground unregulated pedestrian crossings on trapezoidal artificial irregularities according to GOST R 52605; traffic flow) and Z-shaped (also in the direction of the traffic flow), the requirements for the size of the securi-ty island have been established to allow put bicycle inside of safety island, a recommended set of measures to reduce the vehicle speed and describes the types of activities and describes a method of their application, describes methods zones device with reduced travel speed - residential and school zones, set requirements for turboroundabouts and methods of their design.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Hammond ◽  
Olivia S. Mitchell ◽  
Stephen P. Utkus
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Financial Advice ◽  
Financial Decision Making ◽  
Financial Decision

By the end of the next decade, the number of older Americans will have grown rapidly, but half if not more of the elderly will suffer from cognitive deficits after the age of 80. This volume explores how financial decision making changes at older ages, how and when financial advice can be useful for the older population, and what solutions and opportunities are needed to resolve the likely problems that will arise.

Narratives of Queer Migration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Gray ◽  
Mike Baynham
Keyword(s):  
The European Union ◽  
Spatial Mobility ◽  
Class Politics ◽  
Depth Migration ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Global North ◽  
Economic Necessity ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

This chapter considers the phenomenon of queer migration from a linguistic perspective, paying particular attention to the constitutive role of spatial mobility in narrative and its role in the construction of queer migrant identities. The chapter begins by looking at the way in which queer migration has been discussed in the literature and then moves on to address three different types of queer migration in greater depth: migration within national borders from the village/countryside to the city; migration between cities in member states within the context of the European Union; and finally, asylum-seeking within the context of migration from the Global South to the Global North. The chapter concludes by suggesting that queer migration is a complex phenomenon in which the intersection of sexuality, gender identity, desire, affect, abjection, economic necessity, class, politics, and fear for one’s life combine in ways that are unique in the lives of individual migrants.

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