Vaksin Covid-19: Perdebatan, Persepsi dan Pilihan

The current Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on the political, economic, social, cultural, defense and security aspects as well as the welfare of the Indonesian people. Therefore, effective fast steps are needed to break the chain of the spread of Covid-19. One way to prevent transmission of this virus is through vaccination efforts. While the existing literature focuses more on State policies, public responses related to the effectiveness and safety of vaccines, as well as hoax news related to vaccines, the related literature on vaccines and the choice of vaccine if any is still very limited, this article fills that gap. This qualitative research was carried out in Makassar, considering that Makassar is one of the metropolitan cities and many of its people has been vaccinated through Covid-19 vaccination programs. Data was collected using in-depth interview. Informants who participated in this study were people who had and had not carried out the Covid-19 vaccination. With a total of twenty-five people, they vary on the basis of age (between 18 and 29 years), sex (18 women and 7 men), and employment status (ten of them are students, employees, online shop owners, editors, musicians, painters, work odd jobs, and labor). The results show that the emergence of the Covid-19 vaccine has become the subject of public debate, many agreed and not a few refused to be vaccinated. This debate is due to differences in perceptions regarding the definition of the Covid-19 vaccine and the benefits of the vaccine itself. In terms of what type of vacciness they are used, there are three types of vaccines that are popularly used by our participants in this study, namely Sinovac, Astra Zeneca, and Moderna. Apart from the debate about the level of efficacy of each vaccine, the choice of vaccine is related to the level of efficacy, side effects and availability of the vaccine itself. It is argued in this article that whatever the effect of a particular vaccine, as long as the side effect is balanced by its efficacy, then the effect is not an issue.

Covid-19: Upaya Preventif dan Kuratif ala Ibu Hamil

In 2020 all countries in the world are busy with a pandemic caused by the Covid-19 Virus. Indonesia is one of the countries whose citizens have been infected with Covid-19 since March 2020 and its spread is fast. Symptoms of being infected with Covid-19 are cough, fever, shortness of breath, anosmia and muscle aches, but in some cases, a person who is exposed to Covid-19 does not even show symptoms at all. Covid-19 can attack various ages ranging from children to the elderly, gender, including pregnant women. Pregnant women are stated to be very vulnerable to contracting Covid-19 with various other diseases, the fear of fetal growth and development cannot be separated from the mother's worries during the Covid-19 pandemic. This article deals with how pregnant women prevent being infected with Covid-19 and how they treat themselves when infected with Covid-19. This research was conducted in the city of Makassar. The informants involved in this study consisted of 10 pregnant women who are varied on the basis of age (between 19 and 26 years, gestational age (between 12 and 32 weeks) and occupation (seven housewives, a celebgram, a pharmacist, and a nurse). Data was collected usingthe combination of interview and observation. In this study, it was found that the positive impacts of Covid-19 pandemic for pregnant women that their togetherness with members of the family becomes more intensive because they spend more time at home, they are more concerned about personal and family hygiene, they are more physically and mentally healthy, and they become more creative in using their free time. While the negative impact of Covid-19 for pregnant women is that they experience anxiety during the Covid-19 period. However, those who have a better understanding of Covid-19 tend to be positive in dealing with it. Although the efforts made by pregnant women in relation to prevention and treatment are similar but not the same, in preventive efforts, pregnant women are more likely to combine physical activity and various intakes related to efforts to maintain immunity. Meanwhile, in curative efforts, pregnant women limit the duration of physical activity and are more routine in carrying out healing efforts. The difference in nutritional intake also lies in vitamin supplements. In preventive efforts the consumption of supplements is not so ignored and focused on the food consumed, while in a curative effort, they tend to balance food intake and supplements to maintain immunity and accelerate recovery. It is argued in this article that despite the fact pregnant women are vulnerable group, they do not have their own specific treatment either to prevent or to treat them in relation to Covid-19.

Covid-19: Selebgram Bicara, Selebgram Bertindak

The Covid-19 pandemic has greatly impacted on Indonesian life. Various efforts have been made by the government by issuing various policies, from implementing health protocols, Work From Home (WFH), large-scale social restrictions (PSBB), to the implementation of office activity restrictions (PPKM). To break the chain of transmission of Covid-19, even though the government is responsible for handling Covid-19, this is not only the duty of the government, but it is the joint duty of various elements of society, including the celebgram. This article deals with the role of celebgram in helping the government to break the chain of transmission of Covid-19. This qualitative research was conducted in the city of Makassar as one of the cities in Indonesia that has experienced twice large-scale social restrictions (PSBB). Data was collected by combining in-depth interviews and observation. There were ten informants participated in this study, whose age are varied between 19 and 27 years, and four of them are university students. All of the informants work as celebgrams, but seven of them have multiple professions: four of them are celebgrams and freelancers, two of them are celebgrams and entrepreneurs; and one of them has triple professions, as a celebgram, model, as well as freelancer. The study indicated that influencers such as celebgrams have a great opportunity to influence their followers because celebgrams are considered role models or people whose attitudes and behavior are imitated by their followers. To educate people in relation to Covid-19, celebgrams equip themselves with good and correct knowledge about Covid-19 which obtained from various sources, ranging from the internet, social media, television and other trusted sources of information. In doing so, celebgram have different metods, such as providing education through social media or going directly to the community. Education through social media is carried out in the form of live Instagram, creating educational videos regarding the importance of health protocols, and uploading them on their respective social media accounts. In addition, the celebgram also made efforts to prevent the transmission of the Covid-19 virus by going directly to the field which was carried out in the form of spraying disinfectants and distributing health protocol packages, such as hand sanitizers, masks and educational posters. They did this not as a public paid endorser, but as a form of moral responsibility to help the government in overcoming Covid-19. It is argued in this article that celebgram plays an important role in helping the government to break the chain of transmission of Covid-19.

Adaptasi Kebijakan, Dampak Perkuliahan Daring, dan Strategi Mahasiswa Menjaga Imunitas Tubuh di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

The world was shocked by a disaster in the form of a very dangerous virus, namely the corona virus or called Covid-19 which requires humans to be able to adapt to this Covid-19 pandemic situation, including in the field of education. At the higher educational level, the learning system changes from face-to-face learning to online learning. This article discusses how students adapt in relation to various policies, the impact of online learning, and students’ strategies in maintaining body immunity during the Covid-19 pandemic. Using a qualitative approach, this research was conducted in the city of Makassar, South Sulawesi Province. Data was collected using in-depth interview and observation. Those who participated in this study were 20 students, consisting of 15 males and five females, whose age ranging between 19 and 22 years. They come from various public and private campuses in the city of Makassar. The results of the study show that during the Covid-19 pandemic, students experienced many changes. Students themselves adapted to various emerging policies related to Covid-19, which include not only government and lecturing policies, but also internal student organization policies. For students, online lectures have impacted not only on the learning process, but also on student health. Various strategies were carried out by students in an effort to maintain body immunity in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic policy, namely complying with health protocols; implementing a healthy lifestyle; managing stress; and taking supplements. It is argued in this articles that in order to prevent the spread of Covid-19, students adapt to the conditions that occur during the Covid-19 pendemic and apply related strategie. Lecturers also need to create a friendly environment and creative method of teaching, so that students can enjoy online learning on that limited screen.

Pola Hidup Sehat Mahasiswa di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Kasus di Kelurahan Tombolo, Kabupaten Gowa

The Covid-19 pandemic, which has been endemic since the end of 2019 until the end of 2020, has claimed many victims. One way to prevent the spread is by implementing a healthy lifestyle that may increase immunity and endurance, and many of those infected are people aged 50 years and over who have a history of chronic diseases and congenital diseases. Therefore, many young people feel they don't need to be afraid of Covid-19 and don't pay too much attention to a healthy lifestyle. Students who are between late teens and early twenties are a busy age, both in terms of academic activities and non-academic activities, often making them neglect a healthy lifestyle. This article deals with healthy life pattern among college students. This qualitative study was conducted in the village of Tombolo, Gowa Regency between October and December 2020. This location was chosen because based on data, those infected with Covid-19 in this location are relatively low. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews with 10 college student, consisting of five men and five women, aged between 19 and 23 years. The study shows that in 2016 the government had launched the Healthy Living Community Movement (GERMAS). Although the government has recommended prevention of Covid-19 with the 3M movement (washing hands, wearing masks, maintaining distance), GERMAS is revealed in the form of activities that support more complex Covid-19 prevention which include: washing hands with soap, eating balanced nutritious food, exercise and adequate rest, maintain environmental hygiene, do not smoke, drink eight glasses of mineral water/day, eat perfectly cooked food and do not eat meat from animals that have the potential to transmit, if fever and shortness of breath go to a health facility immediately, wear a mask if cough or cover your mouth with the inside of your upper arm, and pray. Students' perceptions of a healthy lifestyle are related to how a person pays attention to eating/drinking, physical activities (exercise), and their resting time to avoid Covid-19. These perceptions are intertwined with the healthy lifestyle applied by students, in the form of personal hygiene patterns, eating patterns, exercise patterns, and resting patterns.

“Startup”: Bisnis Kuliner Rintisan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Pandemic of Covid-19 has impacted on almost all aspects of life, including the field of economic. This is due to a government policy to work from home (WFH) and to study from home which causes changes in people's daily routines. One of the activities that generate money in the midst of the pandemic of Covid-19 is by starting an online culinary business that is intertwined with government policies related to preventing the transmission of Covid-19. This research was conducted in the city of Makassar, the capital city of South Sulawesi, as one of the areas with the highest rate of cases infected by Covid-19, and as a city known for its culinary. There were ten informants who participated in this study, who are varied on the basis of age (between 21 and 23 years), sex (eight women and two men), status (seven of whom were college students, two fresh graduates and an entrepreneur), position (owners, managers, employees). How they manage this startup culinary business is depended on the management and this is the key to running it. There are four aspects deals with this management, namely the marketing concept, the division of labor, the profit-sharing system, and how the time is divided between education, main work and the startup culinary business. To market their products in this startup culinary business, the strategies used include the use of technology, consistency of product quality (such as ingredients and taste)/services (such as attitudes towards consumers), and promotions to attract consumers (such as promotion of savings packages, Friday 'at blessing, free shipping, discounted prices, holding a give a way).

Strategi Bertahan Pengemudi Ojol di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kota Makassar

The online motorcycle taxi application (ojol) has become one of the most widely used applications by the people of Indonesia. However, since the outbreak of Covid-19 in Indonesia, including Makassar, something has been "missing" from the applications, such as Gojek and Grab. At Gojek there is no longer a motorbike ordering menu (Goride); while in Grab, the GrabBike menu also disappeared. The menu disappeared as a result of government policies through the implementation of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) in order to break the chain of the spread of Covid-19. In order to continue to work in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, ojol drivers use various strategies. This article focuses on how the strategy of ojol drivers to survive during the Covid-19 pandemic. Using qualitative approach, this study was carried out in Makassar as a metropolitan city, as one of the cities where ojol transportation drivers operate, as well as the city with the highest number of Covid-19 cases. There are fifteen informants who participated in this study, consisting of eight Gojek drivers and the rest were Grab drivers. Data was collected using the combination of observation and in-depth interview techniques. The study shows that the income of ojol drivers has decreased drastically since the Covid-19 outbreak, as the consequence of government policies through the PSBB which limited people’s mobility, including ojol drivers. In order to survive, ojol drivers use various strategies, such as living in a state of frugality, taking additional work (such as selling food in offline system, being a construction worker, opening a small tavern, etc.). When conditions gradually improve and the PSBB policy is relaxed, they can again work with the application of general health protocols (3M: wearing masks, washing hands, and maintaining distance) and the application of specific health protocols is also enforced (such as the use of plastic insulators for taxi drivers or passengers carrying their own helmets for motorcycle taxis), so that they can continue to work to make a living in the middle of pandemic Covid-19, even though the income is not yet fully recovered.

Belanja Online di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Kasus Ibu-ibu Rumah Tangga di Kota Makassar

In early 2020 the world was shocked by the outbreak of a new type of virus (SARS-CoV-2) known as Corona virus disease 2019 (abbreviated as Covid-19), whose first case was discovered at the end of December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The outbreak of the Covid-19 was known to have entered Indonesia in mid-March 2020, resulting in Indonesia entering the Disaster Emergency Period. The entry of Covid-19 in Indonesia prompted the government to adopt a Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy to stop the wider spread of Covid-19. With this policy, people's activities outside the home are limited, and more people's activities are diverted at home, including shopping online through applications. In this context, the ease of shopping online may resulted in consumptive behavior when one can't control him/herself. This research was conducted between September and November 2020 in the city of Makassar City. Makassar was chosen because based on online observations, many housewives in the Makassar area tend to behave consumptively during the outbreak Covid-19. This can be seen from the habit of shopping online which is supported by technology and the ease of accessing online applications. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and observation. Those who participated in this study were ten housewives who had a history of routine shopping online using a shopping application. The study indicates that the Covid-19 pandemi has limited people's mobility, one of which is social restriction policies issued by the government which has changed many aspect of human life, including their shopping method. This shopping method has changed from direct shopping through which human interaction occurs to more often online shopping, using online shopping applications. Housewives perceive online shopping in various ways, from relating it to the simplicity of shopping; transaction process using advanced technology; to shopping by using online shopping applications. The reasons why online shopping is in favour among housewives during the Covid-19 pandemi are the availability of a variety of offered goods, its convenience and practicality, its safety and comfort, and its discount offers. During the Covid-19 pandemi, this way of shopping intensifies. In addition to its advantages, online shopping also has weaknesses, namely the discrepancy between the appearance of the goods ordered and the reality of the goods received; the purchased goods cannot be received directly because it requires delivery time; vulnerability to damage to goods in the shipping process, and vulnerability to fraud. Therefore, consumers must consider the needs and desires in order to be able to control themselves in shopping because not all the desired items are needed items. In addition, fraud is vulnerable in online shopping. Thus consumers not only have to question the goods to be purchased in as much detail as possible; selective in choosing online stores; but also one must identify the track record of intended online store.

Bisnis Digital: Studi Kasus Penggunaan VTube, Jempol Preneur, dan Goins di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

The Covid-19 pandemic has not only created social fear, but has also affected various aspects of human life, including in the field of economy. To reduce the spread of Covid-19, the government issued a work from home (WFH) policy and study from home. This not only limits the interaction between people, but this condition also causes people to be creative and look for alternatives to earn income. One that has the potential to be done is a digital business, which is not only easy and simple (using gadgets and internet networks), but can also be done anywhere, especially at home because of the "stay at home" policy, so that between looking for income and protecting oneself from spreading virus by staying at home is compatible with each other. This study was conducted between September and December 2020 and is located in the city of Makassar. Makassar was chosen because digital business grew significantly. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the economy in the Eastern part of Indonesia (KTI) grew by an average of 8%, especially during the pandemic. There are seven participants who participated in this study who are varied based on age, occupation. Each informant is a user of one of the digital business platforms, namely VTube, Jempol Preneur, and Goins. The study shows that digital business is one type of business by utilizing digital devices such as gadgets (mobile phones and laptops) and internet networks. Every digital business is now has a digital platform and has its own way of managing, as well as different advantages for its consumers. There are so many platforms that are engaged in digital business because it can be done easily, with a simple way of working, with the promise of a pretty lucrative income, and can be done anywhere. This fits perfectly with the Covid-19 pandemic situation where people stay at home. VTube, Jempol Preneur, and Goins are three applications that each have their own specifications and how they work. Vtube and Goins are digital platforms engaged in advertising, while Jempol Preneur is a platform digital business on online shop. Although there are similarities between the three, that is, making money even though each has its own variant. The income of VTube users depends on what users achieve by watching ads. In the application system of the Jempol Preneur, one must be a member to be able to run an online shop. As members, they not only choose the type and promote the goods that have been provided by the application, but this can also be run without capital (dropship), or with personal capital (reseller). Additional income can also be obtained through the sale of the Jempol Preneur license. The more licenses sold, the more income they can earned. Meanwhile, in Goins, users are supposed to carry out a mission by liking and watching advertising videos on the Instagram application. The more people who are invited to join, the more income is earned. However, despite the advantages that each application has, each has its drawbacks. If Jempol Preneur already has legality, then VTube and Goins are under construction, which shows that the legality of the two is not yet clear and this is related to the basis of the business being run. For this reason, users who have already run this business must be prepared to bear the risks, such as no return of money at all and the lack of clarity from the parties concerned. Another aspect that is considered a drawback of Jempol Preneur is the obligation to pay a registration fee while VTube and Goins do not require it.

Berbelanja Melalui Jasa Titip Perabot di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Kasus @jastipbyarumi

In the digital era, deposit service (jastip) which were previously carried out offline, are now also developing and can be done by online and become a very promising business. In Indonesia, the term jastip by shopping online is starting to be widely known by the wider community, especially for those who use social media, such as Facebook. This business benefits from a predetermined additional fee for each consumer ordered goods, so those who order goods do not need to go to the store to buy goods or leave the house. Buying goods online through jastip has become increasingly popular during the Covid-19 pandemic, especially since the government launched large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) that limit people's mobility. This research was conducted on social media, namely Facebook on jastip providers and consumers based on observations on social media, such as Facebook, which showed the widespread purchase of goods through jastip among women in Bulukumba Regency. There are them women involved in this study. Thye are varied based on age (between 23 and 40 years), occupation (five housewives, four entrepreneurs, and jastip provider), and status (nine buyers and a jastip provider). The results of this study indicate that jastip of Informa products is the choice among mothers who are purchased online through a jastip service provider posted through social media Facebook. Among other jastip items on Facebook, home furnishings (sofa, dining table, patio chairs, etc.) are the most popular items. Model, status display, price, and quality are four main reasons why women choose Informa's jastip products, especially during this Covid-19 pandemic. The increase in the use of jastip during the Covid-19 pandemic is intertwined with an increase in jastip turnover (@jastipbyarumi 9). The reason for the jastip provider (@jastipbyarumi) presenting jastip product is because women in Bulukumba Regency love to shop online, and Informa is the most popular products among women. Thus, this is seen by jastip provider as a business opportunity, a way of satisfying hobbies, and as a source of income. In promoting jastip, the strategies used by jastip provider are promoting products along with its discounted price, uploading products in stories, and opening social gathering lots. In running such service business, the main capital is not money itself, but most importantly trust, perseverance, and business ethics.