Chapter 1. Political Philosophy

1993 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy

Prudence, or On Education

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-48
Author(s):  
Ryan Patrick Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Political Education ◽  
Political Thinker

Chapter 1 examines Fénelon’s contributions as an educator. It focuses on four texts indispensable to appreciating the methods and aims of his masterwork Telemachus. These include the book-length Dialogues on Eloquence and Education of Girls, and his shorter Letter to the Academy and “Advice on Education.” In interpreting these texts, it argues that fundamental to them—and indeed to Fénelon’s political philosophy as a whole—is Fénelon’s claim that the proper aim of moral and political education is not substituting pure love for self-love, but rather discouraging pernicious self-love and encouraging healthy self-love. Fénelon describes this as a shift from “false glory” to “true glory.” And this shift, it argues, is central to Fénelon’s political philosophy, and also reveals him to be an insightful moral psychologist as well as a moderate and subtle political thinker.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-54
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Legal Philosophy ◽  
Moral Sentiments ◽  
Short Biography ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This introduction to Sophie de Grouchy’s Letters on Sympathy is divided into three chapters. Chapter 1 covers Sophie de Grouchy’s life and times, with a short biography, a discussion of women in the French Revolution, and a study of the texts and concepts that were influences on her work, including a section devoted to the reception of Adam Smith in France. Chapter 2 discusses Grouchy’s work with a special emphasis on the’ relationship of the Letters to Adam Smith’s The Theory of Moral Sentiments—the work to which they are a response—, as well as a discussion of other writings by Grouchy. Chapter 3 touches on three main philosophical themes present in the Letters: political philosophy, with an emphasis on the republican aspect of Grouchy’s thought, her legal philosophy and political economy, and her aesthetics.

Enmity or Friendship?

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-36
Author(s):  
Gerald M. Mara
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Jacques Derrida ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Carl Schmitt ◽  
The Political ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
History Of

Chapter 1 interprets statements offered by two twentieth-century philosophers, Carl Schmitt, principally in The Concept of the Political, and Jacques Derrida, in his critique of Schmitt in The Politics of Friendship. Both works make the importance of political philosophy’s frame of reference explicit, though they offer opposed characterizations of its content. I argue that the substantive positions taken in the two works share more characteristics than initially apparent. Schmitt’s characterization of enmity as the essence of politics must accommodate a kind of mutuality. And Derrida’s political friendship eventually constructs its own distinctive enemy. Those complicating parallels diminish confidence in either author’s ability to settle the question of how political thought should be framed and prompt a reconsideration of how allegedly overarching imperatives of war and peace have been treated within the history of Western political philosophy.

Thinking through feeling: critical theory and the affective turn

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Mussell
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Critical Theory ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Affect Theory ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Materialisms

Chapter 1 sets out the theoretical terrain on which the wider project is based. It begins by revisiting some of the founding tenets of critical theory in the context of the establishment of the Institute for Social Research in the early twentieth century. The chapter then discusses contemporary theories of affect that have emerged in the past couple of decades as part of the so-called ‘new materialisms’. Taking on board some of the key findings of this recent work on affect, the author also highlights the potential political deficiencies that accompany such accounts, particularly within a growing ‘post-critical’ context. The chapter closes with suggestions as to how early critical theory – read through an affective lens – might provide the social and political grounding that affect theory often lacks, while at the same time noting how theories of affect are invaluable in shedding light on the efficacy of the pre- or extra-rational, so often sacrificed on the altar of political philosophy.

The Struggle Over Truth

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Schaflechner
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Truth Claims ◽  
Ontological Turn ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Empirical Material

In the first chapter, the author evaluates the various possibilities to engage with the empirical material collected for this book. Due to the shrine’s new accessibility, paired with its recent institutionalization, many formerly disconnected practices and narratives started to meet on a regular basis. Doing fieldwork at the site, together with engaging with a variety of texts and other media, the author was confronted with the question of how to organize all of these voices that uniformly claimed to speak the truth about the shrine and its annexed practices. Chapter 1 elaborates on the theoretical foundations of this work through a concept the author calls “the solidification of tradition.” Utilizing newer anthropological theories of the ontological turn and supplementing them with the political philosophy of post-foundationalism helps the author to produce his own engagement with the various truth-claims encountered during his research.

‘But what if the Queen should die?’

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-32
Author(s):  
W. R. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Glorious Revolution ◽  
Public Office ◽  
Church Of Scotland ◽  
The Law ◽  
Charles Ii ◽  
The Glorious Revolution ◽  
The Church

Chapter 1 discusses Daniel Defoe’s writings on Dissent and the Succession during the last years of Queen Anne and the opening years of the reign of George I. His relationship with his Dissenting co-religionists had always been a complicated one, especially over the issue of Occasional Conformity. Although thinking it indefensible that Dissenters be forced out of public office by the Corporation and Test Acts, Defoe believed equally firmly that no conscientious Dissenter should engage in Occasional Conformity to get round the law. In 1702 he was imprisoned for publishing The Shortest Way with the Dissenters, an ironical attack on High-Church opponents of Occasional Conformity which fooled readers on both sides. In 1713, he again risked using irony for polemical purposes, intervening dramatically in the growing public debate over who should succeed Queen Anne in the event of her death. Between February and April, he published a linked set of three ironical pamphlets putting forward (clearly spurious) arguments why it would be better if the Pretender succeeded, rather than the Elector George. The issues raised by the Protestant succession were central to Defoe’s political philosophy, as can be seen again in his Memoirs of the Church of Scotland (1717) where he argued that the principles that had animated Scottish Covenanters in their armed resistance to Charles II were the same as those which justified the Glorious Revolution and on which the Hanoverian Succession was founded.

Quick Reference: Chapter 1: The Musculoskeletal System: The Hand and Upper Extremity

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-5
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Column ◽  
Persistent Pain ◽  
Illness Behavior ◽  
Abnormal Illness Behavior ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Spinal Cord Dorsal ◽  
Objective Basis ◽  
Dorsal Column Stimulation ◽  
Underlying Pathology

Abstract Spinal cord (dorsal column) stimulation (SCS) and intraspinal opioids (ISO) are treatments for patients in whom abnormal illness behavior is absent but who have an objective basis for severe, persistent pain that has not been adequately relieved by other interventions. Usually, physicians prescribe these treatments in cancer pain or noncancer-related neuropathic pain settings. A survey of academic centers showed that 87% of responding centers use SCS and 84% use ISO. These treatments are performed frequently in nonacademic settings, so evaluators likely will encounter patients who were treated with SCS and ISO. Does SCS or ISO change the impairment associated with the underlying conditions for which these treatments are performed? Although the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) does not specifically address this question, the answer follows directly from the principles on which the AMA Guides impairment rating methodology is based. Specifically, “the impairment percents shown in the chapters that consider the various organ systems make allowance for the pain that may accompany the impairing condition.” Thus, impairment is neither increased due to persistent pain nor is it decreased in the absence of pain. In summary, in the absence of complications, the evaluator should rate the underlying pathology or injury without making an adjustment in the impairment for SCS or ISO.

Fifth Edition: the New Standard

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Brigham ◽  
James B. Talmage ◽  
Leon H. Ensalada
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
Medical Evaluation ◽  
Single Set

Abstract The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fifth Edition, is available and includes numerous changes that will affect both evaluators who and systems that use the AMA Guides. The Fifth Edition is nearly twice the size of its predecessor (613 pages vs 339 pages) and contains three additional chapters (the musculoskeletal system now is split into three chapters and the cardiovascular system into two). Table 1 shows how chapters in the Fifth Edition were reorganized from the Fourth Edition. In addition, each of the chapters is presented in a consistent format, as shown in Table 2. This article and subsequent issues of The Guides Newsletter will examine these changes, and the present discussion focuses on major revisions, particularly those in the first two chapters. (See Table 3 for a summary of the revisions to the musculoskeletal and pain chapters.) Chapter 1, Philosophy, Purpose, and Appropriate Use of the AMA Guides, emphasizes objective assessment necessitating a medical evaluation. Most impairment percentages in the Fifth Edition are unchanged from the Fourth because the majority of ratings currently are accepted, there is limited scientific data to support changes, and ratings should not be changed arbitrarily. Chapter 2, Practical Application of the AMA Guides, describes how to use the AMA Guides for consistent and reliable acquisition, analysis, communication, and utilization of medical information through a single set of standards.

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