Responding to the public health consequences of the Ukraine crisis: an opportunity for global health diplomacy

Public health and global health practitioners need to develop global health diplomacy (GHD) skills to efficiently work within complex global health scenarios, such as the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Problem-based learning was used as a framework to create a scenario-based activity designed to develop GHD-related skills. The application and effectiveness of this scenario-based activity to develop GHD-related skills were assessed. A mixed-methods approach involving a self-administered survey and one focus group discussion was used. The survey collected baseline participant characteristics as well as understanding and improvements in GHD-related skills using a 5-point Likert scale. The focus group was audio-recorded and thematically analyzed using both inductive and deductive codes. Data integration was achieved by connecting and weaving. Method and investigator triangulation techniques were used. Participants self-reported significantly better postscenario-based activity responses when asked about their understanding of diplomacy, negotiation, communication, and how to address public health emergencies (P < 0.01, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Most participants either agreed or strongly agreed that their GHD-related skills improved with participation in the scenario-based activity (diplomacy = 55.6%; negotiation = 66.5%; communication = 72.2%; addressing public health emergencies = 72.1%). Overall, qualitative data were consistent with results obtained using quantitative methods. The scenario-based activity was effective for improving the self-reported understanding of GHD-related skills. The scenario-based activity was also effective for developing the selected GHD-related skills (as self-reported). This scenario-based activity is likely to reduce cognitive load and avoid participant overload, thereby facilitating learning. Further research is required to elucidate its long-term impact on skills development.

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Characteristics of Global Health Diplomacy

10.19088/k4d.2021.09 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Luke Kelly

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Foreign Policy ◽

Global Health ◽

Health Sector ◽

Right To Health ◽

Intergovernmental Organizations ◽

The Public ◽

Health Diplomacy ◽

Foreign Policies ◽

The Right

This rapid review focuses on Global Health Diplomacy and defines it as a method of interaction between the different stakeholders of the public health sector in a bid to promote representation, cooperation, promotion of the right to health and improvement of health systems for vulnerable populations on a global scale. It is the link between health and international relations. GHD has various actors including states, intergovernmental organizations, private companies, public-private partnerships and non-governmental organizations. Foreign policies can be integrated into national health in various ways i.e., designing institutions to govern practices regarding health diplomacy (i.e., health and foreign affairs ministries), creating and promoting norms and ideas that support foreign policy integration and promoting policies that deal with specific issues affecting the different actors in the GHD arena to encourage states to integrate them into their national health strategies. GHD is classified into core diplomacy – where there are bilateral and multilateral negotiations which may lead to binding agreements, multistakeholder diplomacy – where there are multilateral and bilateral negotiations which do not lead to binding agreements and informal diplomacy – which are interactions between other actors in the public health sector i.e., NGOs and Intergovernmental Organizations. The US National Security Strategy of 2010 highlighted the matters to be considered while drafting a health strategy as: the prevalence of the disease, the potential of the state to treat the disease and the value of affected areas. The UK Government Strategy found the drivers of health strategies to be self-interest (protecting security and economic interests of the state), enhancing the UK’s reputation, and focusing on global health to help others. The report views health diplomacy as a field which requires expertise from different disciplines, especially in the field of foreign policy and public health. The lack of diplomatic expertise and health expertise have been cited as barriers to integrating health into foreign policies. States and other actors should collaborate to promote the right to health globally.

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FOCUS ON GLOBAL HEALTH DIPLOMACY

Social and Economic Aspects of Education in Modern Society ◽

10.31435/rsglobal_conf/25052021/7567 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Huang Kunpeng ◽

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Global Health ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Global Health Diplomacy ◽

Health Diplomacy ◽

Definition Of ◽

New Phase

The emergence of COVID-19 has ushered in a new phase in China's engagement in global public health diplomacy. This article summarizes the definition of global health diplomacy, as well as some suggestions for China's health diplomacy.

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Negotiating public health in a globalized world: Global health diplomacy in action

Global Public Health ◽

10.1080/17441692.2013.830142 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 978-979

Author(s):

Stephanie Steels

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Global Health ◽

Global Health Diplomacy ◽

Health Diplomacy ◽

Globalized World

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The Post-Conflict Colombia Public Health Project: A Global Health Diplomacy Case Study

Annals of Global Health ◽

10.1016/j.aogh.2017.03.025 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

C. Arbelaez ◽

P. Soskin ◽

G. Greenough ◽

M. Vanrooyen ◽

J. Snyder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Global Health ◽

Global Health Diplomacy ◽

Health Diplomacy ◽

Post Conflict ◽

Health Project

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Trend of Parental Refusal or Delay of Childhood Vaccinations

MacEwan University Student eJournal ◽

10.31542/j.muse.738 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Meagan Marie Daoust

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Social Media ◽

Healthcare System ◽

Educational Context ◽

Health Consequences ◽

Missed Opportunities ◽

The Public ◽

Health Related ◽

Parental Refusal

The healthcare trend of parental refusal or delay of childhood vaccinations will be investigated through a complex Cynefin Framework component in an economic and educational context, allowing patterns to emerge that suggest recommendations of change for the RN role and healthcare system. As a major contributing factor adding complexity to this trend, social media is heavily used for health related knowledge, making it is difficult to determine which information is most trustworthy. Missed opportunities for immunization can result, leading to economic and health consequences for the healthcare system and population. Through analysis of the powerful impact social media has on this evolving trend and public health, an upstream recommendation for RNs to respond with is to utilize reliable social media to the parents’ advantage within practice. The healthcare system should focus on incorporating vaccine-related education into existing programs and classes offered to parents, and implementing new vaccine classes for the public.

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Distance from the outbreak of infection, ozone pollution and public health consequences of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa221 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Giovanni Tripepi ◽

Mario Plebani ◽

Giorgio Iervasi ◽

Mercedes Gori ◽

Daniela Leonardis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Ozone Pollution ◽

Health Consequences ◽

The Public ◽

Italian Provinces ◽

Breakpoint Analysis ◽

The Relationship ◽

The City ◽

Italian Province ◽

Optimal Radius

Abstract Background Italy was the second country in the world, after China, to be hit by SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The Italy’s experience teaches that steps to limit people’s movement by imposing “red zones” need to be put in place early by carefully identifying the cities to be included within these areas of quarantine. The assessment of the relationship between the distance from an established outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection with transmission-linked cases and mortality observed in other sites could provide useful information to identify the optimal radius of red zones. Methods We investigated the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 cases and the distance of each Italian province from the first outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Italy (the city of Lodi placed in the Lombardia region). In 38 provinces of Lombardia and neighboring regions, we performed a breakpoint analysis to identify the radius of the red zone around Lodi minimizing epidemic spread and mortality in neighboring cities. Results In all Italian provinces a non-linear relationship was found between SARS-CoV-2 cases and distance from Lodi. In an analysis including the provinces of Lombardia and neighboring regions, SARS-CoV-2 cases and mortality increased when the distance from Lodi reduced below 92 km and 140 km, respectively, and such relationships were amplified by ozone (O3) pollution. Conclusions The breakpoint analysis identifies the radius around the outbreak of Lodi minimizing the public health consequences of SARS-CoV-2 in neighboring cities. Such an approach can be useful to identify the red zones in future epidemics due to highly infective pathogens similar to SARS-CoV-2.

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