Atypical Localization of Enchondroma in the Calcaneus

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkam Komurcu ◽  
Burak Kaymaz ◽  
Umut Hatay Golge ◽  
Ferdi Goksel ◽  
Mustafa Resorlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Heel Pain ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
The Right ◽  
Atypical Localization

A 53-year-old man presented to the orthopedic outpatient clinic with pain and swelling in the right heel without any trauma. On physical examination and radiologic assessment, a lesion with calcification and peripheral sclerosis was detected in the medullary cavity of the calcaneus, and computed tomographic images revealed cortical thinning adjacent to the lesion. Magnetic resonance images showed a 23 × 19-mm lesion. Tru-Cut biopsy, performed to clarify the diagnosis, revealed an enchondroma. As a definitive treatment, curettage of the lesion and grafting of the cavity was performed. Although enchondromas are common pathologic abnormalities of the skeleton and are usually asymptomatic, atypical localization, such as the calcaneus, and atypical clinical manifestations, such as heel pain, should also be kept in mind.

Elevation of the Petrous Bone Caused by Hyperplasia of the Occipital Bone Presenting as Hemifacial Spasm: Diagnostic Values of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Three-Dimensional Computed Tomographic Images in a Bone Anomaly

Neurosurgery ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1004-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Tanaka ◽  
Tatsuroh Tanaka ◽  
Yutaka Irie ◽  
Shinya Yoshinaga ◽  
Masamichi Tomonaga
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Hemifacial Spasm ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Petrous Bone ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Occipital Bone ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Diagnostic Values ◽  
The Right

Abstract A case of elevation of the petrous bone due to hyperplasia of the occipital bone presenting as hemifacial spasm is reported. A 44-year-old man sought treatment for twitching of the buccal muscles on the right side that progressed rapidly in severity within 2 weeks of the onset. The anatomical details of the petrous and occipital bones were delineated clearly by computed tomographic scans of a bone window level. Details of the brain stem were shown by magnetic resonance images. The bone anomaly was displayed more realistically by three-dimensional computed tomographic reconstructions. The faithful representation of structures with these radiological studies should be mandatory, to prepare the surgical planning of such a complicated bone anomaly.

Women's Neurology

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Angela O’Neal
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Secondary Headache ◽  
Neurologic Disease ◽  
Parietal Region ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Sagittal Sinus ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
The Right ◽  
In Pregnancy

This review details some of the features important to consider in women with neurologic disease, including medication and disease effects on both reproductive health and pregnancy/fetal development, as well as hormonal effects on neurologic disease. A case-based approach is used to discuss diseases that affect women throughout their life cycle (multiple sclerosis [MS] and epilepsy), disorders that affect only women (eclampsia), and those that affect women preferentially (migraine, cerebral venous thrombosis, reversible cerebral vasospasm, and Alzheimer disease). The epidemiology, differential diagnosis, pathophysiology, management, and prognosis are reviewed for each disorder. Tables include US Food and Drug Administration pharmaceutical pregnancy categories, learning objectives, migraine with aura, alternative diagnostic criteria for migraine without aura, migraine aura versus transient ischemic attacks, red flags to secondary headache, abortive headache therapy in pregnancy, migraine preventive medications and pregnancy, MS therapies in pregnancy, pregnancy consulting points for MS patients on a disease-modifying therapy, and general recommendations for women with epilepsy and pregnancy. Figures show fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and gradient echo magnetic resonance images of the right anterior parietal region; a magnetic resonance venogram demonstrating occlusion in the superior sagittal sinus; posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome; and computed tomographic (CT) images of a hemorrhage in the left parietal region, left frontal subarachnoid bleeding, and left middle cerebral beading. This review contains 5 highly rendered figures, 11 tables, and 29 references.

Women's Neurology

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Angela O’Neal
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Secondary Headache ◽  
Neurologic Disease ◽  
Parietal Region ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Sagittal Sinus ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
The Right ◽  
In Pregnancy

This chapter reviews some of the features important to consider in women with neurologic disease, including medication and disease effects on both reproductive health and pregnancy/fetal development, as well as hormonal effects on neurologic disease. A case-based approach is used to discuss diseases that affect women throughout their life cycle (multiple sclerosis [MS] and epilepsy), disorders that affect only women (eclampsia), and those that affect women preferentially (migraine, cerebral venous thrombosis, reversible cerebral vasospasm, and Alzheimer disease). The epidemiology, differential diagnosis, pathophysiology, management, and prognosis are reviewed for each disorder. Tables include US Food and Drug Administration pharmaceutical pregnancy categories, learning objectives, migraine with aura, alternative diagnostic criteria for migraine without aura, migraine aura versus transient ischemic attacks, red flags to secondary headache, abortive headache therapy in pregnancy, migraine preventive medications and pregnancy, MS therapies in pregnancy, pregnancy consulting points for MS patients on a disease-modifying therapy, and general recommendations for women with epilepsy and pregnancy. Figures show fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and gradient echo magnetic resonance images of the right anterior parietal region; a magnetic resonance venogram demonstrating occlusion in the superior sagittal sinus; posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome; and computed tomographic (CT) images of a hemorrhage in the left parietal region, left frontal subarachnoid bleeding, and left middle cerebral beading. This chapter contains 5 highly rendered figures, 11 tables, 29 references, and 5 MCQs.

scholarly journals A Case Report of Volar Dislocation of Ulnar Head: A Very Rare Wrist Injury Easy to Overlook and Easy to Diagnose

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozcan Kaya ◽  
Okan Ozkunt ◽  
Irem Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Outpatient Service ◽  
Distal Radioulnar Joint ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Wrist Pain ◽  
Wrist Injury ◽  
Forearm Rotation ◽  
Radioulnar Joint

Introduction: Ulnar volar dislocation (UVD) is a very rare entity. Due to rarity of condition, usually, it’s misdiagnosed at emergency departments and management of this clinical entity is not well studied. Here, we report a case of UVD impressing diagnostic challenge, indication of treatment, and follow-up. Case Report: A 29-year-old man presented to orthopedic outpatient service with complaining of the right wrist pain. He had an assault history 3 days before. In the emergency department, he had been diagnosed as wrist sprain. Splint and pain killers were prescribed. Due to increase of pain, he admitted to orthopedics. He was diagnosed UVD. Under general anesthesia, joint was reduced with forced pronation maneuver. After 3 weeks immobilization period, magnetic resonance images revealed partial injury of triangular fibrocartilage complex then splint removed and rehabilitation initiated. Over than 24 months, he is doing well without movement limitation and wrist strength impairment. Conclusion: For prevention misdiagnosis of UVD, physical examination is very important. Forearm rotation limitation with pain in the wrist should be indicative for distal radioulnar joint injury. Physical examination should be supported with proper evaluation of suitable radiographs. After reduction of joint, magnetic resonance images give clues about ligamentous injury. Our case supports the importance of rigorous physical examination and evaluation of radiographs for wrist injury. In the presence of partial injury of ligaments, the condition can be treated with shorter periods of immobilization and early rehabilitation. Keywords: Wrist pain, ulnar volar dislocation, distal radioulnar joint, forearm rotation.

Scleroderma and Related Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Antinuclear Antibodies ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Localized Scleroderma ◽  
Eosinophilic Fasciitis ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic

Scleroderma spectrum diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders that are distinguished by abnormalities of the connective tissue in the skin and, in some cases, other organs. Each disorder may be characterized by the extent of cutaneous and internal involvement, as well as histopathologic features of skin biopsy. Scleroderma spectrum diseases include systemic scleroderma, localized scleroderma, and eosinophilic fasciitis. This chapter reviews the classification, epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology and pathogenesis, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, outcome measures, management, and clinical course of scleroderma as well as the definition and classification, etiology/genetics, differential diagnosis, and treatment of localized scleroderma. Also discussed are the definition and classification, epidemiology, etiology/genetics/pathogenesis, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment of eosinophilic fasciitis. Tables review the classification of—and antinuclear antibodies in—scleroderma as well as the key assessments and interventions in scleroderma management. Figures illustrate the disease's presentation and clinical manifestations, including several images of scleroderma of the hands; face, palmar, and buccal telangiectasias in a patient with scleroderma; a radiograph demonstrating calcinosis of the elbow; Raynaud’s phenomenon; high-resolution computed tomographic images of diffuse cutaneous scleroderma, scleroderma and severe pulmonary hypertension, and limited cutaneous scleroderma; plus an esophagram demonstrating hypomotility. This review contains 11 highly rendered figures, 3 tables, and 72 references.

Non-inflammation cerebrospinal fluid and normal brain magnetic resonance images of Autoimmune encephalits

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yake Zheng ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
yajun lian ◽  
Lihao Li ◽  
Yuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Clinical Prognosis

Abstract Background We set out to investigate the characteristics and factors related to non-inflammation cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and normal brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) in patients. Methods The distribution and characteristics of brain MRI and CSF in 124 patients who were living with anti-NMDAR(71), LGI1(26),CASPR2(4),GABAR(23) encephalitis and who had been admitted between October 2016 and May 2018 were analyzed prospectively. Results 12 of the 124 patients(1%) had a normal MRI and non-inflammation CSF.Ten of them were LGI1(83%),while the remaining 1 patient was NMDAR(8.3%),1 patient was CASPR2(8.3%).The clinical symptoms including epilepsy, psychosis, cognitive disorders, conscious disorders, headache, faciobrachial dystonic seizure (FBDS), speech disorders and hypoventilation. AE with non-inflammation CSF and normal MRI with good clinical prognosis. The median modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was low, and recurrence rate was also low. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of on-inflammation CSF and brain MRI-negative patients with AE are not specific, but suggest a better prognosis and a lower recurrence rates.

Thymic Carcinoma Presenting as Cranial Metastasis with Intradural and Extracranial Extension: Case Report

Neurosurgery ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoji Tamura ◽  
Toshihiko Kuroiwa ◽  
Atsushi Doi ◽  
Kyong-Yob Min
Keyword(s):  
Thymic Carcinoma ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Multiple Cycle ◽  
Degree Of Malignancy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cranial Metastasis ◽  
Upper Mediastinum ◽  
High Degree

Abstract OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE Thymic carcinoma is an uncommon malignant tumor that is different from thymoma. Cranial and brain metastases from this tumor are extremely rare. We report a thymic carcinoma with cranial metastasis and discuss the behavior of this tumor. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 50-year-old man presented with headache and a palpable scalp tumor. Computed tomographic scans and magnetic resonance images revealed an osteolytic tumor with intradural and extracranial extension in the right occipital bone. INTERVENTION After gross total resection and histological diagnosis, further investigation revealed a primary thymic tumor in the anterior upper mediastinum and liver metastases. The patient received multiple-cycle chemotherapy (cisplatin and gemcitabine) for primary and metastatic lesions. CONCLUSION Thymic carcinoma has a poor prognosis because of a high degree of malignancy, early metastasis, and delayed diagnosis. Thus, treatment of a patient with this tumor calls for prompt diagnosis, surgical treatment, and optimal adjuvant therapy.

scholarly journals Success of scaphoid nonunion surgery is independent of proximal pole vascularity

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Schneider K. Rancy ◽  
Morgan M. Swanstrom ◽  
Edward F. DiCarlo ◽  
Darryl B. Sneag ◽  
Steve K. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Proximal Pole ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Intraoperative Bleeding ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

We followed 35 consecutive patients with scaphoid nonunions in a prospective longitudinal registry. All nonunions were treated with curettage, non-vascularized autogenous grafting and headless screw fixation. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging, intraoperative bleeding points and histopathological analysis of cancellous bone in the proximal pole were recorded as measures of viability. Healing was categorized as ≥50% bony bridging on computed tomographic images in the plane of the scaphoid. Nine of 23 proximal poles demonstrated ischaemia on magnetic resonance imaging but none were interpreted as infarcted. Twenty-eight of 33 were found to have impaired vascularity as assessed by intraoperative bleeding. Fourteen of 32 demonstrated ≥50% trabecular necrosis and four of 33 demonstrated ≥50% tissue necrosis on histopathological analysis. Thirty of 33 demonstrated focal or robust remodelling activity. Despite pathological evidence of impaired vascularity in over half of the patients, 33 of the 35 scaphoids had healed by 12 weeks. We conclude that proximal pole infarction is decidedly rare and that vascularized bone grafting is seldom required. Level of evidence: IV

Effect of Lateral Tilt Angle on the Volume of the Abdominal Aorta and Inferior Vena Cava in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women Determined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Higuchi ◽  
Shunichi Takagi ◽  
Kan Zhang ◽  
Ikue Furui ◽  
Makoto Ozaki
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Lateral Tilt ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background: Left-lateral tilt position is used to reduce assumed aortocaval compression by the pregnant uterus. Methods: Magnetic resonance images of 10 singleton parturients at full term and 10 healthy nonpregnant women were obtained for measurement of the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava volume between the L1–L2 disk and L3–L4 disk levels in both the supine and left-lateral tilt positions (15°, 30°, and 45°) maintained by insertion of a 1.5-m-long polyethylene foam placed under the right side of the parturient’s body. Results: Aortic volume did not differ significantly between parturients and nonpregnant women in the supine position (12.7 ± 2.0 vs.12.6 ± 2.1 ml, mean ± SD; mean difference, –0.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], −2.0 to 1.9; P = 0.95). Inferior vena cava volume in the supine position was significantly lower in parturients than in nonpregnant women (3.2 ± 3.4 vs.17.5 ± 7.8 ml; mean difference, 14.3; 95% CI, 8.3–20.2; P < 0.001). Aortic volume in parturients did not differ among left-lateral tilt positions. Inferior vena cava volume in the parturients was not increased at 15° (3.0 ± 2.1 ml; mean difference, −0.2; 95% CI, −1.5 to 1.2; P > 0.99), but was significantly increased at 30° (11.5 ± 8.6 ml; mean difference, 8.3; 95% CI, 2.3–14.2; P = 0.009) and 45° (10.9 ± 6.8 ml; mean difference, 7.7; 95% CI, 2.2–13.1; P = 0.015). Conclusions: In parturients, the aorta was not compressed, and a 15° left-lateral tilt position did not effectively reduce inferior vena cava compression.

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