scholarly journals Impact of a decade of successful antiretroviral therapy initiated at HIV-1 seroconversion on blood and rectal reservoirs

eLife ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Malatinkova ◽  
Ward De Spiegelaere ◽  
Pawel Bonczkowski ◽  
Maja Kiselinova ◽  
Karen Vervisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Functional Cure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Rectal Biopsies ◽  
Hiv 1

Persistent reservoirs remain the major obstacles to achieve an HIV-1 cure. Prolonged early antiretroviral therapy (ART) may reduce the extent of reservoirs and allow for virological control after ART discontinuation. We compared HIV-1 reservoirs in a cross-sectional study using polymerase chain reaction-based techniques in blood and tissue of early-treated seroconverters, late-treated patients, ART-naïve seroconverters, and long-term non-progressors (LTNPs) who have spontaneous virological control without treatment. A decade of early ART reduced the total and integrated HIV-1 DNA levels compared with later treatment initiation, but not reaching the low levels found in LTNPs. Total HIV-1 DNA in rectal biopsies did not differ between cohorts. Importantly, lower viral transcription (HIV-1 unspliced RNA) and enhanced immune preservation (CD4/CD8), reminiscent of LTNPs, were found in early compared to late-treated patients. This suggests that early treatment is associated with some immunovirological features of LTNPs that may improve the outcome of future interventions aimed at a functional cure.

scholarly journals HIV-1 Specific Antibody Titers and Neutralization among Chronically Infected Patients on Long-Term Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy (ART): A Cross-Sectional Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e85371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes S. Gach ◽  
Chad J. Achenbach ◽  
Veronika Chromikova ◽  
Baiba Berzins ◽  
Nina Lambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals First-line antiretroviral therapy and dyslipidemia in people living with HIV-1 in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Pefura Yone ◽  
Awa Betyoumin ◽  
André Kengne ◽  
François Kaze Folefack ◽  
Jeanne Ngogang
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Frailty among HIV-1 Infected Adults under Antiretroviral Therapy in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wulunggono Wulunggono ◽  
Evy Yunihastuti ◽  
Hamzah Shatri ◽  
Edy Rizal Wahyudi ◽  
Youdiil Ophinni
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Independent Predictive Factor ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Hiv 1

Background: Increasing age of HIV-1 infected population brought about the risk of frailty as comorbidity, whose prevalence is higher in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Indonesia as an LMIC also bears a major burden of HIV-1 epidemic with a similarly aging population, but the prevalence of frailty and its predictors are unknown. Objectives: To identify the prevalence of frailty and analyze its associated factors, among HIV-1 infected adults under antiretroviral therapy in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-infected individuals with inclusion criteria of age ≥30 years old and underwent ART for at least 6 months. The main assessment was done using Fried’s frailty phenotype score, which categorizes subjects into non-frail, pre-frail, or frail. Factors associated with frailty were characterized and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: A total of 164 subjects were recruited; male subjects were 118 (72%), the median age was 40.5 years old, and the median CD4 nadir was 53 cells/μl. Frailty was identified among 90 (54.9%) subjects with 84 (51.2%) identified as pre-frail and 6 (3.7%) as frail, with dominant frailty phenotype was weakness in grip strength. The multivariate model showed that depression was the only factor significantly correlated with pre-frailty and frailty (OR 2.14; 95% CI 1.04-4.43, p=0.036). Conclusion: Frailty is a common occurrence among HIV-infected patients under ART, with depression as an independent predictive factor.

scholarly journals Predicting Virologic Failure Among HIV-1-Infected Children Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania: a Cross-Sectional Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan D Emmett ◽  
Coleen K Cunningham ◽  
Blandina T Mmbaga ◽  
Grace D Kinabo ◽  
Werner Schimana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Virologic Failure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Vaginal HIV-1 shedding among HIV-1 infected women in the current era of combined antiretroviral therapy: A cross sectional study

Virulence ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Grignolo ◽  
Bianca Bruzzone ◽  
Laura Gabbi ◽  
Daniela Gerbaldo ◽  
Fabio Gallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Combined Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors of Combined-Antiretroviral Therapy-Induced Hepatotoxicity among HIV Patients at the Bali District Hospital, Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayah Emerencia Ngah ◽  
Frederick Nchang Cho ◽  
Bisong Shauna Etagha ◽  
Neh Gladys Fusi ◽  
Neba Francisca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Combined Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
End Stage

AbstractIntroductionThe incidence of hepatotoxicity is life-threatening and can result to an end-stage liver disease in long-term patients on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). Our study sought to evaluate the incidence and predictors of cART-induced hepatotoxicity (CIH) among long term users on cART in a rural District hospital.MethodsThis was a hospital-based cross-sectional study in the Bali District Hospital. Spectrophotometric method was use for the quantitative measurement of alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate-aminotransferase (AST) levels. Patients with elevations of both ALT and AST were considered CIH. The Chi (χ2) square test, ANOVA and Kaplan Meier log-ranked/ survival analyses were used to analyse the data.ResultsOf the 350 participants enrolled [156 (44.6%) males and 194 (55.4%) females], aged 43.87 ± 0.79 years (range 20 – 84 years) included in this analysis, 26 (4.4%) experienced moderate CIH. We observed 57 (16.3%), 62 (17.7%) and 238 (68%) elevated levels ALT + AST, ALT and AST respectively. Two independent predictive factors of CIH were, the male sex and alcoholism during the study period.ConclusionThe prevalence of CIH in HIV-infected patients in Bali was lower than that observed in previous studies. The duration of therapy had no influence on the frequency of CIH. Alcoholism and smoking showed significant differences in the development of CIH.

scholarly journals Migraine Frequency Decrease Following Prolonged Medical Cannabis Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Aviram ◽  
Yelena Vysotski ◽  
Paula Berman ◽  
Gil M. Lewitus ◽  
Elon Eisenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Cannabis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Migraine Frequency ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Higher Doses

Background: Medical cannabis (MC) treatment for migraine is practically emerging, although sufficient clinical data are not available for this indication. This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study aimed to investigate the associations between phytocannabinoid treatment and migraine frequency. Methods: Participants were migraine patients licensed for MC treatment. Data included self-reported questionnaires and MC treatment features. Patients were retrospectively classified as responders vs. non-responders (≥50% vs. <50% decrease in monthly migraine attacks frequency following MC treatment initiation, respectively). Comparative statistics evaluated differences between these two subgroups. Results: A total of 145 patients (97 females, 67%) with a median MC treatment duration of three years were analyzed. Compared to non-responders, responders (n = 89, 61%) reported lower current migraine disability and lower negative impact, and lower rates of opioid and triptan consumption. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that responders consumed higher doses of the phytocannabinoid ms_373_15c and lower doses of the phytocannabinoid ms_331_18d (3.40 95% CI (1.10 to 12.00); p < 0.01 and 0.22 95% CI (0.05–0.72); p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: These findings indicate that MC results in long-term reduction of migraine frequency in >60% of treated patients and is associated with less disability and lower antimigraine medication intake. They also point to the MC composition, which may be potentially efficacious in migraine patients.

scholarly journals Decreased NK Cell FcRγ in HIV-1 Infected Individuals Receiving Combination Antiretroviral Therapy: a Cross Sectional Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. e9643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Leeansyah ◽  
Jingling Zhou ◽  
Geza Paukovics ◽  
Sharon R. Lewin ◽  
Suzanne M. Crowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Combination Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv 1
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