scholarly journals The variant [ʃ] in the Spanish of Ciudad Juárez

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Alberto Mendez
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Ciudad Juarez ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Border Community ◽  
Mexican State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Side ◽  
Gender Shift

A characteristic feature of the Spanish spoken in the Mexican state of Chihuahua is the pronunciation of the standard phoneme /tʃ/ (<ch>) as a non-standard allophone [ʃ] (<sh>). The present study analyzes the social and linguistic factors that influence variation in the Mexico-United States border community of Ciudad Juárez. Direct and indirect elicitations techniques were used to gather tokens of /tʃ/ from a sample of 40 local speakers who varied in age, sex, socioeconomic status, education level, and degree of bilingualism. The data was perceptually and acoustically interpreted and then statistically examined using variable rules analysis. On the linguistic side, the results show that [s], [i], [u] in preceding phonological context favor weakening. On the social side, the most prone participants to produce [ʃ] were: young men from low socioeconomic status, regardless of being Spanish monolinguals or Spanish-English sequential bilinguals. These findings indicate an ongoing gender shift with respect to previous research in the same community. 

scholarly journals Epidemiologic analysis of dental cellulitis in Kinshasa city (the Democratic Republic of the Congo)

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Paul Bobe Alifi Leta ◽  
Jean-Paul Sekele Isouradi Bourley ◽  
Fidele Nyimi Bushabu ◽  
Frans Vinckier ◽  
Octavie Lunguya Metila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Sugar Consumption ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: The study aimed to determine the prevalence, describe the sociodemographic profile of individuals with dental cellulitis, and identify its associated factors in a population of Kinshasa. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted in October 2017 in five hospital departments in Kinshasa. The sample population consisted of patients with dental cellulitis. Sociodemographic data and factors associated with dental cellulitis were evaluated. Results: Dental cellulitis was found in 12.5% of the subjects, with a slight female predominance (58.2%). A significant difference between patients with cellulitis and those without cellulitis was observed for the following variables: education level, unemployment, and low socioeconomic status (p < 0.05). Dental carious lesions (93.7%) were the most common causative factor, and self-medication (100%) and poor oral hygiene (83.5%) were risk or contributing factors. Univariate analysis showed that for people of ages 16–59 and ≥60 years, education level, unemployment, sugar consumption, and low socioeconomic status were significantly associated with dental cellulitis. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that people of ages ≥60 years [odds ratio (OR) 3.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.169–4.14, p = 0.014], non-university status (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.68–4.64, p < 0.001), unemployment (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.73–4.20, p = 0.005), sugar consumption (OR 3.17, 95% CI 1.71–4.94, p = 0.036), and low socioeconomic status (OR 2.60, 95% CI 1.85–3.01, p = 0.014) were independently associated with dental cellulitis in the study population. Conclusion: Dental cellulitis is a public health problem in the city of Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo.

BELIEF IN A JUST WORLD OR SELF-SERVING STRATEGY?

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent BèGue ◽  
Vincent Fumey
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Just World ◽  
High Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

This study was conducted to examine the role of the individual's social power on endorsement of belief in a just world in the social domain. We hypothesized that the greater social power an individual has, the stronger the belief which s/he has in a just world. One hundred subjects of low or high socioeconomic status were randomly given low or high diagnosis of their social power after having completed a test which was presented as an evaluation of their actual and future social power in the socioprofessional domain. Results showed that subjects with low socioeconomic status believed that the world was less just in the low social power diagnosis condition than in the high one, while the belief in a just world of subjects with high socioeconomic status was not significantly affected by the experimental design.

Tomorrow never knows: Paradoxical effects of a future prime on performance among low socioeconomic status college students

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dayle Herrmann ◽  
Jessica Bodford ◽  
Robert Adelman ◽  
Oliver Graudejus ◽  
Morris Okun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Paradoxical Effects

Disability and Work in South Asia and the United Kingdom

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Buckingham
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Disability History ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Indian Experience ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western View

Historical analyses, as well as more contemporary examples of disability and work, show that the experience of disability is always culturally and historically mediated, but that class—in the sense of economic status—plays a major role in the way impairment is experienced as disabling. Although there is little published on disability history in India, the history of the Indian experience of caste disability demonstrates the centrality of work in the social and economic expression of stigma and marginalization. An Indian perspective supports the challenge to the dominant Western view that modern concepts of disability have their origins in the Industrial Revolution. Linkage between disability, incapacity to work, and low socioeconomic status are evident in India, which did not undergo the workplace changes associated with industrialization in the West.

scholarly journals Home Language and Literacy Environments and Early Literacy Trajectories of Low‐Socioeconomic Status Chilean Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 2042-2062
Author(s):  
Susana Mendive ◽  
Mayra Mascareño Lara ◽  
Daniela Aldoney ◽  
J. Carola Pérez ◽  
José P. Pezoa
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Early Literacy ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Home Language ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Literacy Environments

scholarly journals Association of socioeconomic status with medical assistance in dying: a case–control analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e043547
Author(s):  
Donald A Redelmeier ◽  
Kelvin Ng ◽  
Deva Thiruchelvam ◽  
Eldar Shafir
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Medical Assistance In Dying ◽  
Income Status ◽  
Economic Constraints

ObjectivesEconomic constraints are a common explanation of why patients with low socioeconomic status tend to experience less access to medical care. We tested whether the decreased care extends to medical assistance in dying in a healthcare system with no direct economic constraints.DesignPopulation-based case–control study of adults who died.SettingOntario, Canada, between 1 June 2016 and 1 June 2019.PatientsPatients receiving palliative care under universal insurance with no user fees.ExposurePatient’s socioeconomic status identified using standardised quintiles.Main outcome measureWhether the patient received medical assistance in dying.ResultsA total of 50 096 palliative care patients died, of whom 920 received medical assistance in dying (cases) and 49 176 did not receive medical assistance in dying (controls). Medical assistance in dying was less frequent for patients with low socioeconomic status (166 of 11 008=1.5%) than for patients with high socioeconomic status (227 of 9277=2.4%). This equalled a 39% decreased odds of receiving medical assistance in dying associated with low socioeconomic status (OR=0.61, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.75, p<0.001). The relative decrease was evident across diverse patient groups and after adjusting for age, sex, home location, malignancy diagnosis, healthcare utilisation and overall frailty. The findings also replicated in a subgroup analysis that matched patients on responsible physician, a sensitivity analysis based on a different socioeconomic measure of low-income status and a confirmation study using a randomised survey design.ConclusionsPatients with low socioeconomic status are less likely to receive medical assistance in dying under universal health insurance. An awareness of this imbalance may help in understanding patient decisions in less extreme clinical settings.

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