scholarly journals From subsistence to market economy: Responses of Tibetan pastoralists to new economic realities

Rangifer ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Manderscheid ◽  
Arvo Naukkarinen ◽  
Wu Ning ◽  
Alfred Colpaert
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Research Area ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Eastern Border ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Commercial Network

In many regions around the world the pastoral economy shifted from subsistence-oriented to a market-oriented production. Pastoral goods acquired monetary value and became a market commodity that entailed changes in the production system and in the attitude towards livestock. On the Tibetan plateau this shift did not follow a linear way. Until the 1950s, most consumption requirements could be satisfied with animal products. Economic exchange relations were essential to provide grain requirements, at least for those households who relied exclusively on animal husbandry. During the Mao era, animal husbandry was carried out in line with state targets and the produce was delivered according to central planning. In the late 1970s the transition towards a market-oriented production began. This paper discusses the recent reactions of pastoralists to the new realities in one specific area on the eastern Tibetan plateau. This shift from pastoral products to market commodities, the commercial network established as well as the market places for pastoral produce, are examined in this paper. These facts show that the pastoralists in question successfully market their produce. The research area, Dzoge county, is located on the eastern border area of the Tibetan plateau, where different ethnic groups live in proximity to each other. Grassland predominates the landscape, used by nomads as pastures for livestock breeding (yak, sheep and horses). Mobile animal husbandry and the marketing of the livestock products are decisive to guarantee the livelihood of the majority of the population.

Introduction

Eating Earth ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Kemmerer
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Wild Bird ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Animal Suffering ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Born Again

When i was in my twenties on a Watson Fellowship that took me to the Tibetan Plateau, I met an Irishman at a low-end restaurant. We had dinner together. Though each of us had met many other people in our travels, there was something magnetic about our connection—I refer to the negative ends of a magnet. We disagreed about pretty much everything. At the time, I would best have been described as a budding philosopher, ethicist, atheist, feminist, and animal liberationist; he was a scientist, mathematician, born-again Christian, and environmentalist. Ideologically we had almost nothing in common, but since we had both been traveling for months with little opportunity to speak English (and even less to engage in meaningful discussions) we spent our days together . . . and argued almost perpetually. Because we tended to meet at dinner, and because I was a vegetarian, our disagreements usually began over food, then spread to innumerable other areas of discord. Despite the discord, we continued our discussions long after we returned to our respective homes. Yet neither reason nor heartfelt pleas shifted the Irishman to a plant-based diet. He was sympathetic to human moral responsibilities for animal suffering (ever the Christian), but on learning of the cruelty of animal agriculture, he merely shifted to “happy meat” and the eggs of “free range” chickens. Though I feverishly pointed to the horrific transport and dependable adolescent slaughter of grass-fed and “free range” animals, and the absence of any nutritional need for animal products in our diet, my energy was wasted. Ultimately, it was the Irishman’s concern for the environment, combined with his predilection for numbers, that altered his dietary choices. Recently my friend composed an essay for an anthology I was putting together, about animal advocacy and environmentalism and the search for common ground. In the process, he applied his math and science skills to calculate the ratio of the mass of wild birds to the ratio of the mass of chickens in the U.K.—1:104. His horror was palpable despite his wry response: “For every ten grams of wild bird, somewhere out there (and close) lies a full kilo of chicken.”

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL BASES OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF LIVESTOCK IN THE CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL KAZAKHSTAN

REPORTS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 335 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
К.А. Sarkhanov
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Live Stock ◽  
Small Economy ◽  
Production Subsidies

The analysis demonstrates that the growth of animal products is provided, mainly by the private subsidiary farmings and households (PSF and HH), where is concentrated more than 80% of cattle and poultry. Meanwhile, small-scale seasonal production prevails in this sector, which, as practice shows, sometimes does not meet the requirements of the processing industry, and the output products cannot be competitive domestically, especially on the foreign markets. Consequently, the purpose of these scientific and production researches were the development of the conceptual framework for the improvement of the efficiency of live-stock animal breeding in the rural regions of Central Kazakhstan, which have lion shares of pasture land and underground minerals of the country. A distinctive feature of the operating system of the small economy management forms in rural regions of Akmola, Karaganda, North-Kazakhstani, and South-Kazakhstani areas has been studied. The modern abstract-logical, economic-mathematical and statistical methods, common research methods in the area of livestock section are applied in the scientific researches, experiments: All-Russia Research and Development Institute of Livestock Breeding, VIZH, VASKHNIL, and also data on the development of cattle breeding of the region before and post-privatization periods of the rural reform was used. On the basis of long-term research work, the author having identified the main problems, is developing a comprehensive program for the development of animal husbandry in four areas, that is, to improve systems: economy management, fodder production, subsidies and breeding. According to the research, the principles and conceptual foundations of improving the efficiency of breeding domestic farm animals have been developed. At the same time, the principles of a systematic approach, feedback, the need to describe the regulatory impacts of the state, the functional composition and structure of the system of economic models at the level of rural regions are distinguished and justified.

MAIN DIRECTIONS OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY ON ENSURING QUALITY AND BIOLOGICAL SAFETY OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-113
Author(s):  
V.I. Dorozhkin ◽  
◽  
A.M. Smirnov ◽  
P.A. Popov ◽  
N.K. Gunenkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Livestock Products

The article presents the results of research on the State task for 2020, aimed at ensuring the biological and food safety of animal products and feed; veterinary and sanitary and environmental well-being of animal husbandry. Fundamental research on the assessment of the toxicological hazard of fungi common in fodder crops deserves special attention, since they will allow monitoring the safety of fodder, including in emergency situations.

A taxonomic review of the Chinese species from the genus Ascelosodis Redtenbacher (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with descriptions of three new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1228 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
GUO-DONG REN ◽  
AI-MIN SHI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Taxonomic Review ◽  
Eastern Border ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
N 93 ◽  
First Time ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Three new species of Ascelosodis Redtenbacher, 1868, A. emarginata, sp. nov., A. punctulata, sp. nov. and A. rugulosa, sp. nov. are described from the Tibetan Plateau, China. A. emarginiventris Koch, 1948, A. everestina Blair, 1923, A. longstaffi Blair, 1923, A. nitida Blair, 1923 A. thibetana Blair, 1923, and A. waltoni Blair, 1923 are originally known in Tibet, and A. haagi Bates, 1879, A. reinigi Koch, 1948, A. schmidi Kaszab, 1965 and A. serripes Redtenbacher, 1868 are reported from China for the first time. A key to all 13 species of Chinese Ascelosodis is given. All Chinese species are distributed in Midwest Tibet (the eastern border is Nang County, 29°06’ N, 93°12’ E).

scholarly journals Внешние условия и факторы функционирования отраслей животноводства Республики Беларусь

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-108
Author(s):  
Natallia Kireyenka ◽  
Aliaksandr Gorbatovski ◽  
Aksana Harbatouskaya ◽  
Liudmila Dounar
Keyword(s):  
Import Substitution ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Member States ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Production Resources

The assessment of conditions and factors of external economic environment of functioning of the main livestock breeding sectors in the new conditions of management was made. From the point of view of import intensity and competitiveness of animal production the condition of the branch on separate kinds of its production resources, such as forages, veterinary preparations and breeding cattle is analyzed. The level of production of animal products in the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union has been determined and the competitive advantages of the animal husbandry sectors of Belarus under the conditions of the EEU functioning have been assessed by the price of commodity producers, the level of productivity of agricultural animals, profitability of production. Significant external factors determining the modern vector of livestock breeding development in the context of implementing a set of measures to ensure food security, import substitution and export development in conditions of growing competition in the market of EEU member states have been identified.

scholarly journals Workshop "Natural Pastures and Mobile Animal Husbandry under Pressure: The Cases of Lapland and the Tibetan Plateau", 12-14 June 2002, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.

Rangifer ◽  
2004 ◽  
pp. 1-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.E. Haugerud (ed. in chief) ◽  
A. Manderscheid ◽  
A. Colpaert (iss. eds.)
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Mobile Animal

This special issue contains extended and refereed versions of eight papers presented in the workshop.

scholarly journals Тhe method of immunomicrochip technology in the control of antimicrobial substances in the monitoring of livestock products

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
G. M. Goryainova ◽  
L. M. Arsenyeva ◽  
E. A. Denisova
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Livestock Products

Relevance.The article highlights the problem of detecting residual amounts of antimicrobial substances in dairy products. The widespread use of medicines in veterinary medicine and animal husbandry creates certain problems associated with the possible contamination of raw materials and products with residual amounts of these substances in case of non-compliance with veterinary rules and regulations. On this basis it is necessary to monitor the content of drugs in animal products. Currently, microbiological and physico-chemical methods for the determination of antibacterial substances are used in Russia.Methods. O ne of the innovative directions in this field are methods, based on nanobiotechnology and, in particular, the immunomicrochip method. The immunomicrochip technology is designed for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative evaluation of several substances from a single sample.Results. During the research, the optimal parameters for detecting residual amounts of beta-lactam antibiotics, antibiotics of other groups and sulfonamides in milk and dairy products were determined by the method of immunomicrochip technology.

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