scholarly journals Neonatal Sudden Death Due to Histiocytoid Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Hongil Ha ◽  
Hyun Lyoung Koo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Papillary Muscles ◽  
Dense Granules ◽  
Histiocytoid Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Eosinophilic Cytoplasm ◽  
Nodular Lesions ◽  
In Infants And Children

Histiocytoid cardiomyopathy, an extremely rare heart disease in infants and children, usually occurring in girls under the age of 2 years, is characterized by cardiomegaly, ventricular arrhythmia, and sudden death. In the present study, we report a case of a 2-day-old female neonate who suddenly showed cyanosis and cardiac arrest in the neonatal unit and died without resuscitation. Autopsy revealed multifocal nodular lesions in the left ventricle wall and papillary muscles. Microscopically, these lesions were composed of discohesive round or polygonal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and were positive for desmin and negative for CD68. Electron microscopy findings displayed abnormal swollen mitochondria with disorganized cristae, dense granules, and diminished myofibrils in the periphery of the cytoplasm.

Surgical management of an anomalous right coronary artery

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. NP1-NP2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaux Pontailler ◽  
Pierre Demondion ◽  
Guillaume Lebreton
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Young Patient ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
The Right

Anomalous aortic origin of coronary arteries is a rare congenital heart disease that can be associated with sudden death. We present the case of a young patient who sustained a cardiac arrest revealing an anomalous origin of the right coronary artery. Unroofing and pericardial enlargement of the coronary artery ostia was performed and the patient is actually asymptomatic.

Intrinsic innervation of the heart

1965 ◽  
Vol 208 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard M. Napolitano ◽  
Vallee L. Willman ◽  
C. Rollins Hanlon ◽  
Theodore Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Canine Heart ◽  
Papillary Muscles ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Cardiac Denervation ◽  
Dense Granules ◽  
C Fibers ◽  
Intrinsic Innervation

Electron microscopy of the normal canine heart reveals neural elements in the intercellular spaces of the atria and ventricles, including the papillary muscles. These neural elements are C fibers containing vesicles and electron dense granules. After total extrinsic cardiac denervation some C fibers remain in the atria and ventricles. These must arise from ganglion cells within the heart, and are thus by definition intrinsic and postganglionic. Whether the activity of such nerve fibers is related to adrenergic, cholinergic, or other neurohumoral substances is uncertain.

Histiocytoid Cardiomyopathy: Three New Cases and a Review of the Literature

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahig M. Shehata ◽  
Kathleen Patterson ◽  
Jean E. Thomas ◽  
Diane Scala-Barnett ◽  
Sarada Dasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Ultrastructural Examination ◽  
The Third ◽  
Histiocytoid Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Pathologic Findings ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Abnormal Mitochondria ◽  
In Infants And Children

Histiocytoid cardiomyopathy (HC), a rare arrhythmogenic disorder, presents as difficult-to-control arrhythmias or sudden death in infants and children, particularly girls. Three cases are described with autopsy findings. In two cases, yellow-tan nodules were grossly visible in the myocardium; in the third case, no gross lesions were identified. Microscopic examination in all three cases revealed multiple, scattered clusters of histiocytoid myocytes which on ultrastructural examination were filled with abnormal mitochondria, scattered lipid droplets, and scanty myofibrils. These pathologic findings are similar to those previously described. The pathogenesis of this entity remains controversial. It was recently proposed that this disorder is X-linked dominant with the associated gene located in the region of Xp22.

Myocarditis Presenting as Sudden Death in Infants and Children: A Single Centre Analysis by ESGFOR Study Group

2021 ◽  
pp. 109352662110072
Author(s):  
Oana Neagu ◽  
Amparo Fernández Rodríguez ◽  
Domitille Callon ◽  
Laurent Andréoletti ◽  
Marta C Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Acute Myocarditis ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinical Awareness ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
In Infants And Children

Background Acute myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart mostly diagnosed in young people, which can present as sudden death. The etiology includes infectious agents (mostly viruses), systemic diseases and toxins. We aim to characterize infants and children with myocarditis at post-mortem presenting as sudden deaths. Methods Retrospective evaluation of 813 post-mortems in infants and children dying suddenly and unexpectedly between 2009–2019. Data retrieved included histological features, microbiology and clinical history. Results 23 of 813 post-mortems reviewed corresponded to acute myocarditis and 1 to dilated cardiomyopathy related to remote Parvovirus infection. PCR identified enterovirus (7), parvovirus (7 cases, 2 also with HHV6 and 1 case with EVB), Influenza A (1), Parainfluenza type 3 (1). Two cases corresponded to hypersensitivity myocarditis, 1 was Group A Streptococcus and 5 idiopathic myocarditis. Enterovirus was frequent in infants (7/10), and in newborns was associated with meningoencephalitis or congenital myocarditis. More than 50% were less than 2 years of age and all remained clinically unsuspected. Conclusion Myocarditis represents almost 3% of all sudden pediatric deaths. Enterovirus and parvovirus were the most common viruses. This retrospective analysis showed that patients experienced viral symptoms but remained unsuspected, highlighting the need for more clinical awareness of myocarditis.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Skin Lesions in Three SARS-CoV-2 Swab-Negative Adolescents: A Possible COVID-19 Sneaky Manifestation?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Ingravallo ◽  
Francesco Mazzotta ◽  
Leonardo Resta ◽  
Sara Sablone ◽  
Gerardo Cazzato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Nodular Lesions ◽  
Immunohistochemical Evidence ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is associated with various clinical manifestations, including skin lesions. In particular, during the COVID-19 pandemic lock-down period numerous chilblain-like lesions, mainly located on the feet, were observed in adolescents. The latter were often asymptomatic or associated with very mild respiratory symptoms. Here, we report three cases of acral nodular lesions in SARS-CoV-2 swab-negative adolescents with histological findings of chronic immune-mediated inflammation and immunohistochemical evidence of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoproteins in endothelial cells and eccrine sweat glands. In one of these cases, the virus presence was confirmed by electron microscopy.

scholarly journals An Electron Microscope Study of Basophile Substances of Frozen-Dried Rat Liver

1958 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Finck
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Microscope Study ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Dense Granules ◽  
Homogeneous Matrix

Small pieces of liver from rats subjected to different dietary regimes were fixed by freeze-drying, and postfixed by in vacuo heating and denaturation with alcohol. Specimens were digested with ribo- or deoxyribonuclease, and stained with gallocyanin-chromalum, azure II, the Feulgen procedure or alcoholic platinic tetrabromide. Some specimens were reserved as controls of the effects of enzyme treatment. Stained and unstained specimens were embedded in methacrylate and examined by light and electron microscopy. Basophilic and Feulgen-positive substances, after contact with watery reagents, were found by electron microscopy to exist as small dense granules embedded in a less dense homogeneous matrix, forming the walls of submicroscopic vacuoles. These granules were absent after digestion with nucleodepolymerases. In specimens (unstained, or stained with platinic tetrabromide) which had not passed through water, the dense (basophile) substances in nuclei and cytoplasm were found to exist, not as granules, but as ill defined submicroscopic concentrates which blended imperceptibly into the homogeneous matrix of the vacuolar walls. Objections to the use of stains for improving contrast conditions in electron microscopy of tissues are discussed, and it is concluded that the reagents do not necessarily produce the observed increases in contrast by selectively stabilizing certain structures. The concept of microsomes as pre-existing distinct morphological entities in intact (unhomogenized) cells is thought to be inconsistent with the distribution of basophile substances in frozen-dried liver.

scholarly journals THE SUBMICROSCOPIC ORGANIZATION OF AXON MATERIAL ISOLATED FROM MYELIN NERVE FIBERS

1953 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. De Robertis ◽  
C. M. Franchi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Myelinated Nerve ◽  
Myelinated Nerve Fibers ◽  
Dense Granules ◽  
Small Clusters ◽  
Membranous Material ◽  
The Way

A technique has been developed for the extrusion of axon material from myelinated nerve fibers. This material is then compressed and prepared for observation with the electron microscope. All the stages of preparation and purification of the axon material can be checked microscopically and in the present paper they are illustrated with phase contrast photomicrographs. Observation with the electron microscope of the compressed axons showed the presence of the following components: granules, fibrils, and a membranous material. Only the larger granules could be seen with the ordinary microscope. A considerable number of dense granules were observed. Of these the largest resemble typical mitochondria of 250 mµ by 900 mµ. In addition rows or small clusters of dense granules ranging in diameter from 250 to 90 mµ were present. In several specimens fragments of a membrane 120 to 140 A thick and intimately connected with the axon were found. The entire axon appeared to be constituted of a large bundle of parallel tightly packed fibrils among which the granules are interspersed. The fibrils are of indefinite length and generally smooth. They are rather labile structures, less resistant in the rat than in the toad nerve. They varied between 100 and 400 A in diameter and in some cases disintegrated into very fine filaments (less than 100 A thick). The significance is discussed of the submicroscopic structures revealed by electron microscopy of the material prepared in the way described.

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