Suburb

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royce Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Growth Management ◽  
Land Use Policy ◽  
Montgomery County ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Guided Growth ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Reputation

Land use policy is at the center of suburban political economies because everything has to happen somewhere but nothing happens by itself. This book explores how well a century of strategic land-use decisions served the public interest in Montgomery County, Maryland, a suburb of Washington, D.C. Transformed from a rural hinterland into the home of a million people and a half-million jobs, Montgomery County built a national reputation for innovation in land use policy—including inclusive zoning, linking zoning to master plans, preservation of farmland and open space, growth management, and transit-oriented development. A pervasive theme of the book involves the struggle for influence over land use policy between two virtual suburban republics. Developers, their business allies, and sympathetic officials sought a virtuous cycle of market-guided growth in which land was a commodity and residents were customers who voted with their feet. Homeowners, environmentalists, and their allies saw themselves as citizens and stakeholders with moral claims on the way development occurred and made their wishes known at the ballot box. This book evaluates how well the development pattern produced by decades of planning decisions served the public interest.

Planning Politics

Suburb ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royce Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Land Use Policy ◽  
Development Pattern ◽  
Montgomery County ◽  
Distinctive Pattern ◽  
The Public ◽  
Land Use Decisions

This chapter examines how planning politics produced a distinctive pattern of development in Montgomery County over a century of land use decisions. It introduces a conceptual framework to help make sense of how and why that particular development pattern emerged. It also considers the respective and complementary roles played by planners and politicians by focusing on the distinctive ways they think; the ideas and values that guide the principal interests that influence land use policy; and innovation, inertia, and transition in land use policy and the interests or values those policies reflected. The chapter shows that land use decisions reflected the “balance” struck between the reasoning of planners and politicians and the interests and values of the two virtual republics represented in the four governing regimes of different eras of county development. These two republics are rooted in Hamiltonian and Jeffersonian ideals and contest different notions of property rights, democracy, community welfare, efficiency, fairness, governance, and the public interest.

Learning from a Century of Planning Politics

Suburb ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royce Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Montgomery County ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Land Use Policies ◽  
Stage Development ◽  
The Impact

This book examines the impact of planning politics on the public interest by focusing on the case of Montgomery County and its land use policy. In particular, it considers Montgomery's pioneering approach to inclusionary zoning, the Moderate-Priced Dwelling Unit Ordinance, in terms of its effect on development patterns and the character and cost of housing. Montgomery was among the earliest fast-growing suburbs to stage development concurrently with the provision of public facilities. Its land use policies were efforts by the county's planners and politicians to solve practical problems in the public interest. The book analyzes the chain of strategic decisions that transformed Montgomery County from a rural hinterland of Washington, D.C. into a socially diverse urbanizing county of a million people in Maryland. This introduction provides an overview of the growth of suburbs and its implications for neighborhoods and residents, Montgomery County's suburbanization, and the organization of the book.

The Importance of Planning and Politics

Suburb ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royce Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
General Plan ◽  
Silver Spring ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
Traditional Land Use

This book concludes with a discussion of Montgomery County's contribution to understanding planning politics. Montgomery's experience highlights the complementary roles and reasoning processes of planners and politicians as they sought to act in the public interest. One of the most valuable lessons planners and political leaders can take from Montgomery's cases is the importance of persistence in land use policy. This is evident in the General Plan, the Agricultural Reserve, and Silver Spring. Furthermore, Montgomery shows that planning matters even if planning politics is hard. This conclusion argues that planning for the next half-century will require a fusion of traditional land use planning with a broader capacity for rethinking Montgomery's role in the metropolitan, state, national, and world political economies. It ends by speculating on the county's future.

Trials in Corridor City Planning

Suburb ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royce Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Land Use Policy ◽  
Montgomery County ◽  
New Town ◽  
General Plan

This chapter examines the problems that arose during the planning and development of three corridor cities in Montgomery County: Rockville, Gaithersburg, and Germantown. The idea of corridor cities melded the interests of Montgomery's miniature and commercial republics—a rare consensus in land use policy. According to the General Plan, Rockville, Gaithersburg, and Germantown would each be developed as a complete, compact “new town.” The chapter considers the opposition of the municipalities of Rockville and Gaithersburg to the idea of becoming corridor cities and how the problem of many governments obstructed development in accord with the General Plan (although Rockville eventually evolved in a way close to the vision). Germantown presented a different problem, that of many builders without a coordinating master developer. Rockville, Gaithersburg, and Germantown offer lessons on the effectiveness and limitations of using infrastructure extension and regulations to manage the pace and character of development.

The State—Local Regulatory Nexus in US Growth Management: Claims of Property and Participation in the Localist Resistance

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
T A Clark
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Regional Growth ◽  
Growth Management ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Local Participation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Starting Point

Influenced possibly more by volume than substance, some scholars have concluded that significant progress is being realized in state-level land-use regulation in the United States. In truth, more time must pass before a definitive evaluation of the more comprehensive efforts can be made. In this critical paper I examine the statewide growth-management legislation of the four states having tripartite (local—regional—state) administrative hierarchies: Florida, Vermont, Maine, and Georgia. There and elsewhere, numerous structural compromises have won adoption. Bold declarations of regulatory intent are found here often to be wrapped around ambiguous and easily subverted administrative mechanisms and standards. With prima facie evidence of significant structural shortcomings in hand, I then restore focus on the founding debates in search of a synthesis that might be more supportive of regional growth management. Using the theory of local autonomy as a starting point, I disentangle the normative foundations of the Liberal ethic of local participation and ‘control’, and of private rights in property. The centralization of growth management is seen by its proponents as a means to regionalize the ‘public interest’ in land use, positing a new and more expansive norm defining the public's interest in private property. Opponents, on the other hand, resist the public encumbrance of private land, and find in centralization a regionalized ‘public’ desirous of greater control and less amenable to private influence. In these opposing views, however, lies the possibility of less conflicted, more efficacious regional growth-management enactments. Centralization, I conclude, can actually deepen the capacity for ‘local’ participation yet at the same time extend its domain to matters of regional concern. The result can improve the capability of the local state to manage spillovers, achieve more sustainable patterns of growth, and facilitate more satisfactory templates of private investment and equity accumulation.

scholarly journals FOREST RECREATION MOVES AHEAD IN ONTARIO

1962 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
A. B. Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Public Lands ◽  
Timber Production ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
The Public ◽  
Land Use Plan ◽  
Outdoor Experiences ◽  
Recreational Use

1. The public right to use and enjoy its forest- and lakeland must be protected.2. Specially developed areas to provide for wild-land recreational use is necessary to enable people to participate in outdoor experiences. An expanding provincial parks system is fundamental to this.3. Multiple-use of public lands, including parks, is fundamental to a full land use concept. A waste of a resource is contrary to the public interest.4. There should always be a practice of reserving public lands for park purposes, incorporating the multiple-use concept, in order to avoid a possible development that is not compatible with the main potentials of the land.5. The recreational resource in forest areas is very real and must be part of a land use plan in which timber production and recreation, being renewable resources, should be reconciled and each developed to provide the maximum public value.

scholarly journals A comparative study of Transit Oriented Development (TOD) at Yogyakarta Railway Station

2018 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Okkie Putriani ◽  
Ibnu Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Railway Station ◽  
The Public ◽  
Bus Stop ◽  
Alternative Location ◽  
Bus Stops ◽  
The Impact

Optimizing the public transport and synergizing the land use can reduce the impact of urban development by attracting the development around the transit station. This situation encourages the accessibility of public transportation by creating conditions between passenger expectations realted to the concept Transit Oriented Development (TOD) between land use, mobility, and environment. This study was conducted by TOD with the area located in the center of local wisdom by cultural city, Yogyakarta Railway Station. The purpose of this study is to provide an alternative location where bus stops or Trans Jogja shelters are more easily accessible by users of rail services and facilitate the model’s transfer. The method of this research is descriptive quantitative. It explains the trans it function, needs and condition of Trans Jogja as the existing public transport and the accessibility of the bus stops. The conclusion is the recommendation for the bus stop location can be relocate near the dropout East and South area of the Railway Station

scholarly journals AN EXPLORATION INTO THE CREATION OF ‘PRIVATELY OWNED PUBLICLY ACCESSIBLE SPACES’ IN TORONTO, ONTARIO

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Ricker
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Creation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Privately Owned

An exploratory research investigation into the creation of ‘privately owned publicly accessible spaces’ (POPS) in Toronto, Ontario and a critical review of the process used to secure these spaces and the subsequent agreements made. This paper seeks to answer if land use planners are able to better mediate the use of POPS as a means of providing open space to communities in high-density areas. This report includes the timeline illustrating the development of Toronto’s POPS program followed by a discussion on Toronto’s increase growth and development and the suitability of POPS as a contributing strategy for diminishing new park and open space assets and a high level breakdown of the legal mechanisms currently in place to help facilitate new POP spaces. Interviews with individuals from both the public and private sectors were conducted, which produced a generalized model outlining how POPS in Toronto are secured.

scholarly journals Investigating the Transit Oriented Development in New Urbanism, Case Study: Subway Stations Development in Mashhad

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Saeid Rezvani Kakhki ◽  
Mohammad Ajza Shokouhi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
New Urbanism ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Development Unit ◽  
Mashhad City ◽  
Subway Stations

New urbanism aims to reform the constructed cities as it seeks to create new and complete cities. The main idea of transit oriented development (TOD) is manly based on the public railroad transportation as the quickest and most effective tool in competition with automobiles (car) in order to cause an effective change in the transportation style and decrease the dependence on cars and horizontal growth of the city. In the current study, the experiences of the development corridors are analyzed after investigating the transit oriented development using applied descriptive method and the planning, capitalization and implementation methods are examined based on the corridor development theory. Types of land use suitable for development including residential, commercial, educational, leisure time and so are evaluated in terms of establishment and location. Next, the feasibility of implementation of this method in new spaces created by subway lines in the Mashhad city is studied. Investigation of one of the urban train lines shows that a station named Koohestan Park (mountain-park) located in the Vakil Abad Boulevard has appropriate potentials and advantages for corridor development and urban investments and can contain diverse land uses for orientation toward sustainable objectives. Finally, land use and market activity in the area around this station are investigated using the SWOT model and the necessity of investment and creation of corridor development unit is evaluated.

scholarly journals Planning TOD with land use and transport integration: a review

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herika Muhamad Taki ◽  
Mohamed Mahmoud H. Maatouk ◽  
Emad Mohammad Qurnfulah ◽  
Mohammed Omayer Aljoufie
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Transport Plan ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Paper Review ◽  
Integration Planning ◽  
Urban Issues ◽  
The City

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) implementation in urban development is globally adopted by many countries in the world in a rapid manner. However, the city and regional acute problems is still propagating. An in-depth study to examine this problem is required. Thus, this paper review various study related to the integration of land use and transport with TOD. The subject of the paper will be described as follow: Method, criteria and indicators of TOD'S research, Reviewing the strategic plan and the public transport plan in the worldwide, and Cross-continent comparison of integration planning. In conclusion, practice and integration of TOD through land use and transportation is an alternative solution in acquiring the objective of the master plan and to solve urban issues such as urban congestion, reduce travel time, and car dependency.

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