Church and Homeland

2020 ◽  
pp. 161-181
Author(s):  
Alexander Kitroeff
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
Greek Orthodox Church ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Church

This chapter looks at how the Greek Orthodox Church played a central role in Greek American efforts to shape US foreign policy toward Greece, Turkey, and Cyprus between the 1960s and 1980s. It talks about the Amercanization process of Greek Orthodox Church that not only advocated for Greek interests but for American and Christian values as well. The chapter explains “Ethnarchy,” which when the highest ecclesiastical leader of the church in a given area assumes political leadership. It mentions Stanley Harakas who provided two examples of ethnarchs in the twentieth century: Archbishops Damaskinos and Makarios. Archbishop Damaskinos served as regent from the time Greece was liberated from Axis occupation in 1944, while Archbishop Makarios served as the first president of the Cyprus Republic between 1960 and 1977.

Church and Patriarchate and the Limits of Americanization

2020 ◽  
pp. 228-246
Author(s):  
Alexander Kitroeff
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
New Era ◽  
Greek Orthodox Church ◽  
The Church

This chapter focuses on the state of Greek Orthodoxy in America at the end of the twentieth century. It assesses whether the Church under Archbishop Iakovos overreached in its efforts to Americanize, which alienated the Ecumenical Patriarchate. It analyzes the patriarchate's intervention, which illustrated the administrative limits the Greek Orthodox Church in America faces in its efforts to assimilate. The chapter describes the patriarchate's ability to invoke the transnational character of Orthodoxy in the new era of globalization. It explores the end of the evolution of Greek Orthodoxy into some form of American Orthodoxy through its fusion with the other Eastern Orthodox Churches.

The Greek Orthodox Church in America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kitroeff
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
The United States ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Greek Language ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
American Institution ◽  
Greek Orthodox Church ◽  
Language Schools ◽  
Greek Immigrants ◽  
The Church

This sweeping history shows how the Greek Orthodox Church in America has functioned as much more than a religious institution, becoming the focal point in the lives of the country's million-plus Greek immigrants and their descendants. Assuming the responsibility of running Greek-language schools and encouraging local parishes to engage in cultural and social activities, the church became the most important Greek American institution and shaped the identity of Greeks in the United States. The book digs into these traditional activities, highlighting the American church's dependency on the “mother church,” the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Constantinople, and the use of Greek language in the Sunday liturgy. Today, as this rich biography of the church shows us, Greek Orthodoxy remains in between the Old World and the New, both Greek and American.

The ‘Dosografa’ church in the treaty of Küçük Kaynarca

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Roderic H. Davison
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
The Sublime ◽  
Greek Orthodox Church ◽  
Turkish Text ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Church

By the treaty of Küçük Kaynarca of 1774, which marked a disastrous defeat of the Ottoman empire by Russia, the Russians were accorded the right to build a church in Istanbul, in the Galata quarter. The treaty further specified that the church was to be under the protection of the Russian minister, who could make representations concerning it to the Sublime Porte. This church, and the Russian right to protect it and to make representations about it, furnished much of the basis on which Russian governments, in later years, built a claim to a broader right to protect the Greek Orthodox Church, even the Greek Orthodox people, in the Sultan's domains. The claims were exaggerated, but since the church in Istanbul was to be ‘of the Greek ritual’, as article 14 of the treaty said, the connexion seemed logical. The Turkish text of the treaty, however, as Cevdet Pasa reproduces it in his history, makes no mention of a church ‘of the Greek ritual’. Instead, his article 14 specifies that this church is to be called the dusugrafa or dosografa church ().

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Alexander Kitroeff
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Identity ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Greek Language ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
Eastern Orthodoxy ◽  
Greek Orthodox Church ◽  
Language Schools ◽  
Greek Americans

This chapter provides an account of the Greek Orthodox Church's interrelationship with the Greek Americans throughout the twentieth century. It analyzes the Orthodox Church in the United States that plays a determining role in community affairs not seen anywhere else, such as its control of Greek-language schools. It also establishes the hegemony of the Greek Orthodox Church over the Greek American community. This chapter argues that the Greek Orthodox Church helped shape Greek American identity throughout the twentieth century and did so by adapting to the steady Americanization of the Greek Americans. It also reaches beyond the domain of Eastern Orthodoxy in America as it illustrates the way a relatively small, ethnically rooted religion can survive in the wider religious marketplace of America.

scholarly journals EDITORIAL FOREWORD

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-449
Author(s):  
Sara Pursley ◽  
Beth Baron
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
Population Exchange ◽  
Robert Hayden ◽  
Greek Orthodox Church ◽  
The Church ◽  
Editorial Foreword

The image featured on this issue's cover depicts a 19th-century Greek Orthodox church in the Anatolian town of Derinkuyu. Decades after the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey that forcibly deported the town's Christian residents, the church would be converted into a mosque. This process is examined in the article by Tuğba Tanyeri-Erdemir, Robert Hayden, and Aykan Erdemir, discussed below, but the photograph also resonates with the themes of diaspora and minorities that run through most of the articles and essays in this issue.

The Challenges of the 1960s

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-139
Author(s):  
Alexander Kitroeff
Keyword(s):  
Martin Luther ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Immigrant Church ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
Greek Orthodox Church ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Martin Luther King

This chapter examines Archbishop Iakovos's call for the Greek Orthodox to consider their church to be no longer an immigrant church but an American church. It talks about how Archbishop Iakovo tried to steer the transition of immigrant to an ethnic church and Americanize Greek Orthodoxy in the church's own terms. The chapter discusses how the Greek Orthodoxy was involved in confronting the challenges presented by the cultural upheavals of the 1960s. It recounts the participation of the Greek Orthodox Church on marching next to the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. at Selma, Alabama, in 1965. It also describes Archbishop Iakovos's vision that entailed an ambitious agenda, such as the outreach directed toward the other Eastern Orthodox Churches that was initiated through the establishment of the Standing Conference of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of the Americas (SCOBA) in 1960.

scholarly journals The changing role of the church – Diaconia of the Orthodox Church in Greece during the years of the economic crisis 2010–2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Mitropoulou ◽  
Niki Papageorgiou ◽  
Esko Ryökäs
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
Greek Orthodox Church ◽  
The Many ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
The Church ◽  
Deep Recession ◽  
Auxiliary Activities

The economic crisis in Greece in 2010–2018 caused a deep recession there. Unemployment rose to very high levels, and social distress increased. In this study, we use publically available internet material to present the many auxiliary activities the Greek Orthodox Church used to respond to the situation. Many of them were typical forms of diaconal activity, but new types of work for the church can also be seen in diocesan activities. The Orthodox Church in Greece does not present all the auxiliary activities in public. However, based on the material available, the article hypothesizes that the role of the Orthodox Church in Greek society has changed during the economic crisis. The church became a supporting factor in society.

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