scholarly journals Microsatellite loci in the tiger shark and cross-species amplification using pyrosequencing technology

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália J. Mendes ◽  
Vanessa P. Cruz ◽  
Fernando Y. Ashikaga ◽  
Sâmia M. Camargo ◽  
Claudio Oliveira ◽  
...  

The tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) has a global distribution in tropical and warm temperate seas, and it is caught in numerous fisheries worldwide, mainly as bycatch. It is currently assessed as near threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. In this study, we identified nine microsatellite loci through next generation sequencing (454 pyrosequencing) using 29 samples from the western Atlantic. The genetic diversity of these loci were assessed and revealed a total of 48 alleles ranging from 3 to 7 alleles per locus (average of 5.3 alleles). Cross-species amplification was successful at most loci for other species such asCarcharhinus longimanus, C. acronotusandAlopias superciliosus. Given the potential applicability of genetic markers for biological conservation, these data may contribute to the population assessment of this and other species of sharks worldwide.


2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália J Mendes ◽  
Vanessa P Cruz ◽  
Fernando Y Ashikaga ◽  
Sâmia M Camargo ◽  
Claudio Oliveira ◽  
...  

The tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) has a global distribution in tropical and warm temperate seas, and is caught in numerous fisheries worldwide, mainly as bycatch. It is currently assessed as near threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. In this study we identified 9 microsatellite loci through next generation sequencing (454 pyrosequencing) using 29 samples from the western Atlantic. The genetic diversity of these loci was assessed and revealed a total of 48 alleles ranging from 3 to 7 alleles per locus (average of 5.3 alleles). Cross-species amplification was assessed in three other species: Carcharhinus longimanus, C. acronotus and Alopias superciliosus. Given the potential applicability of genetic markers for biological conservation, these data may contribute to the population assessment of this and other species of sharks worldwide.



2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália J Mendes ◽  
Vanessa P Cruz ◽  
Fernando Y Ashikaga ◽  
Sâmia M Camargo ◽  
Claudio Oliveira ◽  
...  

The tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) has a global distribution in tropical and warm temperate seas, and is caught in numerous fisheries worldwide, mainly as bycatch. It is currently assessed as near threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. In this study we identified 9 microsatellite loci through next generation sequencing (454 pyrosequencing) using 29 samples from the western Atlantic. The genetic diversity of these loci was assessed and revealed a total of 48 alleles ranging from 3 to 7 alleles per locus (average of 5.3 alleles). Cross-species amplification was assessed in three other species: Carcharhinus longimanus, C. acronotus and Alopias superciliosus. Given the potential applicability of genetic markers for biological conservation, these data may contribute to the population assessment of this and other species of sharks worldwide.





2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 171385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie J. Holmes ◽  
Lisa C. Pope ◽  
Samuel M. Williams ◽  
Ian R. Tibbetts ◽  
Mike B. Bennett ◽  
...  

Multiple paternity has been documented as a reproductive strategy in both viviparous and ovoviviparous elasmobranchs, leading to the assumption that multiple mating may be ubiquitous in these fishes. However, with the majority of studies conducted on coastal and nearshore elasmobranchs that often form mating aggregations, parallel studies on pelagic, semi-solitary species are lacking. The tiger shark ( Galeocerdo cuvier ) is a large pelagic shark that has an aplacental viviparous reproductive mode which is unique among the carcharhinids. A total of 112 pups from four pregnant sharks were genotyped at nine microsatellite loci to assess the possibility of multiple paternity or polyandrous behaviour by female tiger sharks. Only a single pup provided evidence of possible multiple paternity, but with only seven of the nine loci amplifying for this individual, results were inconclusive. In summary, it appears that the tiger sharks sampled in this study were genetically monogamous. These findings may have implications for the genetic diversity and future sustainability of this population.



2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umi Chodrijah ◽  
Agus Arifin Sentosa ◽  
Prihatiningsih Prihatiningsih

Hiu macan (Galeocerdo cuvier Peron & Lesuer, 1822) merupakan predator puncak yang ditandai dengan sebaran yang luas dan ukurannya lebih besar.  Spesies hiu ini masuk dalam famili Carcharhinidae yang banyak tertangkap di perairan Samudera Hindia. Status konservasi jenis ini masuk dalam Daftar merah IUCN dan hampir terancam (NT) serta informasi tentang biologi khususnya parameter pertumbuhan spesies ini masih sangat terbatas.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi parameter pertumbuhan hiu macan di perairan Samudera Hindia bagian Selatan Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian dilakukan di tempat pendaratan ikan  Tanjung Luar, Lombok Timur pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2016. Pengamatan meliputi panjang total tubuh dan jenis kelamin yang dilakukan dengan pengukuran dan pengamatan langsung secara visual di lapangan. Hasil penelitian terhadap 808 ekor ikan contoh menunjukkan bahwa kisaran panjang total untuk hiu macan (Galeocerdo cuvier)  terdistribusi pada ukuran antara 116 - 400 cmTL dengan panjang rata-rata 242,8 cm TL serta modus pada ukuran 240 cmTL. Perbandingan kelamin ikan hiu macan  jantan dan betina dalam keadaan tidak seimbang, dengan jumlah jantan lebih besar.  Estimasi panjang asimtotik (L∞) sebesar 420 cmTL dengan laju pertumbuhan (K) 0,260/tahun, laju kematian total (Z)  1,10/tahun, laju kematian alamiah (M) 0,35/tahun serta laju kematian akibat penangkapan (F) 0,75/tahun. Estimasi laju eksploitasi sudah mengarah kepada penangkapan yang berlebih (E = 0,68) oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan tindakan pengelolaan agar pemanfaatannya tetap lestari.Tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier Peron & Lesuer, 1822) were widely held in the depths of the Indian Ocean. Its conservation status was on the IUCN Red List and was near threatened (NT). The purpose of this study was to obtain the parameters of growth in the South off West Nusa Tenggara waters. The study was conducted at Tanjung Luar landing site, East Lombok in January until December 2016. The observation included total length and sex with visual measurement and observation in the field. The results of the study showed the number of 808 individues that the total length range for tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) caught in Indian Ocean waters landed on Tanjung Luar was distributed on a size between 116-400 cmTL with an average length of 242.8 cmTL and a mode at 240 cmTL. The sex ratio of male and female tiger sharks was in an unbalanced state, with larger females. Estimation of asymptotic length (L∞) of 420 cmTL with growth rate (K) 0.260 / year, total mortality rate (Z) 1.10 / year, natural mortality rate (M) 0.35 / year and mortality rate due to arrest (F) 0.75 / year. Estimation of the rate of exploitation has led to overfishing (E = 0.68) therefore it was necessary to take regulatory and management measures to ensure sustainable utilization.



2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
Özgür Güçlü ◽  
Bülent Bozdoğan

The Nile soft-shelled turtle (Trionyx triunguis) is distributed between Dalyan and Samandağ throughout the Mediterranean coast in Turkey. The Mediterranean subpopulation of the Nile soft-shelled turtle is listed as critically endangered in the IUCN Red List Categories. This investigation aimed to determinate levels of genetic variations and patterns of genetic structures among Mediterranean populations in Turkey by using T. triunguis-specific microsatellite primers. A total of 13 polymorphic microsatellite loci were studied among samples of 121 individuals collected from five populations in Turkey. Of 13 polymorphic microsatellite loci used, 3 new were identified in this study. The genetic differentiation among the 5 studied populations of T. triunguis was significant (p 0.001). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that genetic variations occurred mainly within populations (89.7%) rather than among populations (10.3%). Structure analysis showed presence of two main groups among the Mediterranean T. triunguis populations. However genetic variations among populations were not correlated with geographic distance between the locations. Analysis of data showed that one of the populations (Dalyan) had undergone a bottleneck effect. Migration analysis indicates that T. triunguis migrates between five Mediterranean populations in Turkey. We concluded that based on our results the status of ‘critically endangered’ of T. triunguis should be maintained. Long term population genetic survey studies should be undertaken and changes in habitats of T. triunguis populations, as well as their population size and structure should be monitored for each population to be able to establish a clear strategy for protection of T. triunguis.



1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Miyajima ◽  
Noriaki Hamada ◽  
Etsuro Yoshimura ◽  
Akira Okubo ◽  
Sunao Yamazaki ◽  
...  


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Manuzzi ◽  
Belen Jiménez-Mena ◽  
Romina Henriques ◽  
Bonnie J. Holmes ◽  
Julian Pepperell ◽  
...  

Abstract Over the last century, many populations of sharks have been reduced in numbers by overexploitation or attempts to mitigate human-shark interactions. Still, there is a general perception that populations of large ocean predators cover wide areas and therefore their diversity is less susceptible to local anthropogenic disturbance. Here we report retrospective genomic analyses of DNA using archived and contemporary samples of tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) from eastern Australia. Using SNP loci, we documented a significant overall change in genetic composition of tiger sharks born over the last century. The change was most likely due to a shift over time in the relative contribution of two well differentiated, but hitherto cryptic populations. Our data strongly indicate a dramatic shift in relative contribution of the two populations to the overall tiger shark abundance of the east coast of Australia, possibly associated with differences in direct or indirect exploitation rates.





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