scholarly journals The risk of hospitalization for respiratory tract infection (RTI) in children who are treated with high-dose IVIG in Kawasaki Disease: a nationwide population-based matched cohort study

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Te Lei ◽  
Chien-Yu Lin ◽  
Yu-Hsuan Kao ◽  
Cheng-Hung Lee ◽  
Chao-Hsu Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Protective Effects

Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is an immune-mediated systemic vasculitis, and infection plays an important role in the pathophysiology of KD. The susceptibility to infectious disease in patients with KD remains largely unclear. This study aimed to investigate the risk of respiratory tract infection (RTI)-related hospitalizations in children with KD. Methods Data from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database was analyzed. We excluded patients with history of congenital abnormality, allergic diseases, or hospitalization history. Children with KD were selected as KD group and age- and sex-matched non-KD patients were selected as control group with 1:4 ratio. Both cohorts were tracked for one year to investigate the incidences of RTI-related hospitalizations. Cox regression hazard model was used to adjust for confounding factors and calculate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR). Results Between January 1996 and December 2012, 4,973 patients with KD were identified as the KD group and 19,683 patients were enrolled as the control group. An obviously reduced risk of RTI-related hospitalizations was observed in KD patients (aHR: 0.75, 95% CI [0.66–0.85]). The decreased risk persisted through the first six-months follow-up period with a peak protection in 3–6 months (aHR: 0.49, 95% CI [0.37–0.64]). Conclusions KD patients had approximately half reduction of risk for RTI-related hospitalizations. The protective effects persisted for at least six months. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the entire mechanism and investigate the influences of intravenous immunoglobulin.

scholarly journals The analysis of the effectiveness and safety of levofloxacin in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 462-464
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Dughaim Alreshidi ◽  
Khalid Mohammed Al-Mutairi ◽  
Xie Han
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Observation Group

Objective of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of levofloxacin in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infection. The study was carried out in hospital on 120 patients with lower respiratory tract infection from January 2014 to January 2015. Patients were randomly divided into control and observation groups, each group contained 60 patients. The control group was given the routine dose of levofloxacin, whereas the observation group received the high dose of levofloxacin. The clinical effectiveness and incidence rate of untoward reactions between the two groups were statistically analyzed and evaluated. Patients’ cure rate in the observation group was 53.33%, significantly higher than that of the control group which was only 36.67%. Their differences have statistical significance (P<0.05). Observation group demonstrated a very good total effective rate of 93.33%, compared to the control group (78.33%). Their differences have statistical significance (P<0.05). Incidence of adverse reactions in case of both the observation and control group patients, were relatively low, resulting insignificant statistical difference between the groups (P>0.05). This study shows better clinical curative effect of high doses of levofloxacin treating lower respiratory infection with minimum risk. This method, which can significantly improve the quality of patient treatment with low adverse reaction risk, is worth popularizing in clinical use.Alreshidi et al., International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, November 2015, 4(12): 462-464

scholarly journals A study on association between respiratory tract infection and serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2198
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Sah ◽  
Hemant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Acute Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D

Background: Acute respiratory tract infection are a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. Observational studies report consistent independent association between low serum concentration of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and susceptibility to acute respiratory tract infection. This study was done to assess serum vitamin D level in children and correlation with respiratory tract infection.Methods: The present study was undertaken in department of paediatrics medicine, Patna Medical College and Hospital in patients attending out-patients department (OPD) as well as admitted in in-patients department (IPD). Assessment of serum 25(OH) Vitamin D was done by the enzyme immunoassay kit at Patna Medical College and Hospital.Results: The mean serum vitamin D level in cases was (20.52±5.64 ng/ml) where as in control group was (26.46±4.52 ng/ml) with a statically significant p value of <0.0001, hence cases are associated with vitamin D deficiency.Conclusions: The finding in this study showed significantly decreased mean serum vitamin D level in cases than that of control which implies that vitamin D deficiency predisposes to respiratory tract infection in children.

scholarly journals Effect of Maternal Fever on Fetal Behavior Assessed by KANET Test

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
Ulrich Honemeyer ◽  
Amira Talic
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Primary Localization

ABSTRACT Objective of the study was to assess the possible effect of maternal fever without clinical chorioamnionitis on fetal behavior. In a period of 18 months, in a prospective longitudinal cohort study, Kurjak antenatal neurological test (KANET) was applied to assess fetal behavior in both normal pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by maternal fever. According to the primary localization of the infection, maternal fever group was divided into four groups: Respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, malaria and gastrointestinal tract infection. According to KANET test, fetuses with scores >14 were considered normal, 6 to 13 borderline and abnormal, if KANET scores were <5. Differences between groups were examined by Mann-Whitney U-test, differences between subgroups by Steel test. KANET scores differed statistically significant between two main groups. The largest proportion of abnormal KANET scores was found in pregnancies complicated by malaria, while the largest proportion of borderline scores showed fetuses from pregnancies complicated by urinary tract infection. There was no statistical significant difference in KANET scores between the control group and fetuses from pregnancies complicated by respiratory tract infection. KANET test has been shown to be a reliable means to distinguish normal and abnormal fetal behavior. Postnatal follow-up should confirm the data from prenatal assessment of fetal behavior. How to cite this article Talic A, Kurjak A, Honemeyer U. Effect of Maternal Fever on Fetal Behavior Assessed by KANET Test. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2012;6(2):160-165.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF MASSAGE THERAPY ON RESPIRATORY STATUS AMONG TODDLERS WITH LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 049-054
Author(s):  
Helen Martina M. A ◽  
Hepzibah Beulah ◽  
Anita David
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Massage Therapy ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
Respiratory Status

AbstractLower respiratory tract infection is one of the major prevailing respiratory illnesses in children. The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of massage therapy on respiratory status among toddlers with lower respiratory tract infection. A sample of 60 toddlers were conveniently assigned to study and control group, in study group routine care and massage therapy was performed for three days in morning and evening then posttest was conducted end of each day whereas control group receives routine care. The result shows that massage therapy was significantly effective in improving lung functions.

scholarly journals Avoidable mortality from respiratory tract infection and sudden unexplained death in children with chronic conditions: a data linkage study

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 1125-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximiliane L Verfürden ◽  
Ruth Gilbert ◽  
Neil Sebire ◽  
Pia Hardelid
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Sudden Unexplained Death ◽  
Unexplained Death

ObjectiveTo determine the risk of death from two potentially avoidable causes with different aetiologies: respiratory tract infection (RTI) and sudden unexplained death (SUD) in children with and without chronic conditions.DesignWhole-country, birth cohort study using linked administrative health databases from Scotland.Setting and participantsChildren aged 2 months to less than 5 years in Scotland between 2000 and 2014.Main outcome measuresRelative risk of death (expressed as the HR) related to RTIs or SUD, in children with and without chronic conditions. We separately analysed deaths at ages 2–11 months and at 1–4 years and adjusted for birth characteristics, socioeconomic status and vaccination uptake using Cox regression.ResultsThe cohort comprised 761 172 children. Chronic conditions were recorded in 9.6% (n=72 901) of live births, 82.4% (n=173) of RTI-related deaths and 17.4% (n=49) of SUDs. Chronic conditions were very strongly associated with RTI mortality (2–11 months: HR 68.48, 95% CI (40.57 to 115.60), 1–4 years: HR 38.32, 95% CI (23.26 to 63.14)) and strongly associated with SUD (2–11 months: HR 2.42, 95% CI (1.67 to 3.63), 1–4 years: HR 2.53, 95% CI (1.36 to 4.71)).ConclusionsThe very strong association with chronic conditions suggests that RTI-related mortality may sometimes be a consequence of a terminal decline and not possible to defer or prevent in all cases. Recording whether death was expected on death certificates could indicate which RTI-related deaths might be avoidable through healthcare and public health measures.

scholarly journals Pidotimod in the treatment of pediatric recurrent respiratory tract infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Li ◽  
Qingfang Li ◽  
Xudong Wang ◽  
Man Lu ◽  
Jingjing Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ifn Γ

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of pidotimod in the treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infection in children. Methods: One hundred thirty-two patients with recurrent respiratory tract infection who received treatment in Tianan City Central Hospital were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group using random number table, 66 in each group. Patients in the control group were given conventional treatment, while patients in the observation group were given conventional treatment and pidotimod treatment; the clinical efficacy of the two therapies was compared. The levels of IgG and IgM were measured after treatment. Results: The vital signs and the content of inflammatory mediator and Th1/Th2 in serum before and after treatment were compared, and the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated. The fever, pulmonary rale, cough and antiadoncus of patients in the observation group disappeared earlier than those in the control group (P<0.05). The onset duration of respiratory tract infection and days of antibiotic application of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group after treatment (P<0.05). The times of infection of the observation group were less than that of the control group (P<0.05). Before treatment, the two groups had no significant difference in the content of inflammatory mediators and Th1/Th2 in the serum (P>0.05). The serum content of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-4 of the two groups one week after treatment was lower than that before treatment, and the content of interferon (IFN)-γ and IFN-γ/IL-4 were higher than that before treatment; moreover the observation group had lower serum content of TFN-α and IL-4 and lower content of IFN-γ and IFN-γ/IL-4 compared to the control group (P<0.05). The overall response rate of the observation group was 92.4%, much higher than 81.8% in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Pidotimod has a remarkable efficacy in the treatment of pediatric recurrent respiratory tract infection because it can effectively inhibit the infection and optimize Th1/Th2 immune function. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.82 How to cite this:Li X, Li Q, Wang X, Lu M, Shen J, Meng Q. Pidotimod in the treatment of pediatric recurrent respiratory tract infection. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.82 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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