scholarly journals Residue management alters microbial diversity and activity without affecting their community composition in black soil, Northeast China

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyu Gu ◽  
Xingjun Guo ◽  
Yuetong Cai ◽  
Zehui Zhang ◽  
Shuai Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Jointing Stage ◽  
The Impact

Residue management is an important agricultural practice for improving soil fertility. To reveal the impact of residue management on soil microbial community, we conducted a field experiment with three treatments: no straw returning (control, CK), straw returning (SR), and straw returning combined with cow manure (SM). Our results indicated that soil organic matter content was significantly higher in SR treatment than CK in both seedling and jointing stages. In seedling stage, the lowest total nitrogen content was observed in CK treatment, and significantly lower than that in SM and SR treatment. Furthermore, soil available phosphorus content was significantly higher in SM and SR treatment than CK in jointing stage. In the seedling stage, the soil microbial average wellcolor development (AWCD) value, microbial McIntosh index, and Shannon index of CK and SM treatments were significantly higher than those in SR treatment. The AWCD value and McIntosh index in the jointing stage showed similar patterns: SM > CK > SR. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance indicated that soil microbial community was significantly affected by growth stage, but unaffected by residue management. The partial Mantel test revealed that the available potassium and the C/N ratio had independent effects on soil microbial community. Overall, our results indicated that straw returning combined with cow manure had a beneficial effect on soil fertility, microbial activity and diversity.

The Impact of Reclaimed Water Irrigation on Soil Microbial Community Structure

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3635-3639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Hua Wang ◽  
Xue Gong ◽  
Jian Fei Guan ◽  
Hui Yan Xing
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reclaimed Water Irrigation

The reclaimed water treated in a Harbin recycled water plant has been taken as a target of research, by using microbial traditional culture method and tablet coated counting method, discussing the influence of the reclaimed water irrigation on soil microbial community structure through the method of short-term indoor simulated soil column irrigation. The results shows that the reclaimed water irrigation can significantly increase the quantity of bacteria and actinomycetes in the surface 0-20 cm layer soil, but it has little affect on 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm layer soil. Microbial community structure and diversity were changed relatively with the irrigation of reclaimed water, which embodied the increase or decrease of dominant and subdominant groups, the disappearance of non-dominant groups sensitive to reclaimed water, the appear or disappear of the other part of the occasional groups.

Nitrogen- and sulfur-deposition-altered soil microbial community functions and enzyme activities in a boreal mixedwood forest in western Canada

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 777-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Lin Hu ◽  
Kangho Jung ◽  
De-Hui Zeng ◽  
Scott X. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
C And N ◽  
Boreal Mixedwood Forest ◽  
The Impact ◽  
S Deposition

Chronic nitrogen (N) and (or) sulfur (S) deposition to boreal forests in the Athabasca oil sands region (AOSR) in Alberta, Canada, has been caused by oil sands mining and extraction/upgrading activities. It is important that we understand the response of microbial community function to chronic N and S deposition as microbial populations mediate soil carbon (C) and N cycles and affect ecosystem resilience. To evaluate the impact of N and (or) S deposition on soil microbial community functions, we conducted a simulated N and S deposition experiment in a boreal mixedwood forest with the following four treatments: control (CK), N addition (+N, 30 kg N·ha−1 as NH4NO3), S addition (+S, 30 kg S·ha−1 as NaSO4), and N plus S addition (+NS, 30 kg N·ha−1 + 30 kg S·ha−1), from 2006 to 2010. Nitrogen and (or) S deposition did not change soil organic carbon, total N, dissolved organic C and N, or soil microbial biomass C and N. Soil microbial community-level physiological profiles, however, were strongly affected by 5 years of N and (or) S addition. Soil β-glucosidase activity in the +NS treatment was greater than that in the +S treatment, and S addition decreased soil arylsulfatase; however, urease and dehydrogenase activities were not affected by the simulated N and (or) S deposition. Our data suggested that N and (or) S deposition strongly affected soil microbial community functions and enzymatic activities without changing soil microbial biomass in the studied boreal forest.

Brassica crops stimulate soil mineral N accumulation

Soil Research ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Ryan ◽  
J. A. Kirkegaard ◽  
J. F. Angus
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Brassica Crops ◽  
Root Tissues ◽  
The Impact

The impact of Brassica crops and their tissues on accumulation of mineral N in soil was examined in the field and in laboratory incubation experiments. Mineral N accumulation over the summer fallow increased by an additional 39–49 kg/ha in the top 0.10 m of soil following brassicas compared with wheat at 2 sites. At a third site there was no increase in the top 0.10 m, but this was possibly due to leaching, as a 21–39 kg/ha increase was detected over the 1.50 m profile. The accumulation of mineral N in soil collected after harvest of canola crops and incubated in the laboratory was double that of soil collected after non-Brassica crops. This outcome was not evident in soil collected when crops were flowering, only occurred in the top 0.05 m of soil, and did not persist beyond week 3 of the incubation. In further laboratory incubations using tissues from wheat and a range of brassicas matched for C : N ratio but differing in glucosinolate concentration, Brassica root tissues initially immobilised, and later released, mineral N at a greater rate than wheat root tissues. These results suggest that enhanced accumulation of mineral N following Brassica crops compared with cereal crops is unlikely to be due to biofumigation of the soil microbial community. Shifts in the composition of the soil microbial community and differences in the chemical constituents of root tissues and in above-ground crop residue inputs may instead be responsible.

scholarly journals The impact of failure: unsuccessful bacterial invasions steer the soil microbial community away from the invader’s niche

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 728-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Mallon ◽  
X. Le Roux ◽  
G. S. van Doorn ◽  
F. Dini-Andreote ◽  
F. Poly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
The Impact
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document