scholarly journals Noblella thiunisp. n., a new (singleton) species of minute terrestrial-breeding frog (Amphibia, Anura, Strabomantidae) from the montane forest of the Amazonian Andes of Puno, Peru

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Catenazzi ◽  
Alex Ttito
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Single Specimen ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
Subadult Male ◽  
The Andes ◽  
New Finding ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of minute, terrestrial-breeding frog in the genusNoblella. We collected a single specimen in the leaf litter of primary montane forest (2,225 m a.s.l.) near Thiuni, in the Provice of Carabaya, Department of Puno, in the upper watershed of a tributary of the Inambari River of southern Peru, the same locality where we found the types ofPsychrophrynella glaucaCatenazzi & Ttito 2018. We placed the new species withinNoblellaon the basis of molecular data, minute size, and overall morphological resemblance with the type speciesN. peruvianaand other species ofNoblella, including having three phalanges on finger IV (as inN. coloma,N. heyeri,N. lynchi,N. madreselva,N. peruviana, andN. pygmaea), and terminal phalanges T-shaped and pointed.Noblella thiunisp. n. is distinguished from all other species ofNoblellaby having ventral surfaces of legs bright red, and chest and belly copper reddish with a profusion of silvery spots. The new species further differs from known Peruvian species ofNoblellaby the combination of the following characters: tympanic membrane absent, eyelids lacking tubercles, dorsal skin finely shagreen, tarsal tubercles or folds absent, three phalanges on Finger IV, tips of digits not expanded, no circumferential grooves on digits, inguinal spots present. The new species has a snout–vent length of 11.0 mm in one adult or subadult male. Our new finding confirms the high levels of endemism and beta diversity of small, terrestrial-breeding frogs inhabiting the moss layers and leaf litter in the montane forests of the Amazonian slopes of the Andes and adjacent moist puna grasslands, and suggests much work remains to be done to properly document this diversity.

A new species of Cynomops (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from the northwestern slope of the Andes

Mammalia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Arenas-Viveros ◽  
Pamela Sánchez-Vendizú ◽  
Alan Giraldo ◽  
Jorge Salazar-Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Western Side ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Abstract The systematics and taxonomy of the broadly distributed bats of the genus Cynomops has changed considerably in the last few years. Among the major changes, Cynomops abrasus was split into two species of large-bodied forms (Cynomops mastivus and C. abrasus) distributed east of the Andes. However, large Colombian specimens identified as C. abrasus from the western side of the Andes had yet to be included in any revisionary work. Phylogenetic analysis performed in this study, using mtDNA sequences (Cytochrome-b), revealed that these Colombian individuals are more closely related to Cynomops greenhalli. Morphological and molecular data allowed us to recognize populations from western Colombia, western Ecuador and northwestern Peru, as members of a new species of Cynomops. Characters that allow for its differentiation from C. greenhalli include a larger forearm, paler but more uniform ventral pelage, more globular braincase, and well-developed zygomatic processes of the maxilla (almost reaching the postorbital constriction). This study serves as another example of the importance of including multiple lines of evidence in the recognition of a new species. Given its rarity and the advanced transformation of its habitat, this new species is particularly important from a conservation perspective.

A new species of cat-eyed snake (Serpentes: Dipsadinae: Leptodeirini) from the Andes of southern Ecuador

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4895 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-380
Author(s):  
OMAR TORRES-CARVAJAL ◽  
JUAN C. SÁNCHEZ-NIVICELA ◽  
VALENTINA POSSE ◽  
ELVIS CELI ◽  
CLAUDIA KOCH
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Southern Ecuador ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Leptodeira is one of the most widespread and taxonomically problematic snake taxa in the Americas. Here we describe a new species of Leptodeira from the Andes of southern Ecuador based on morphological and molecular data. The new species is geographically close and morphologically similar to L. ornata and L. larcorum, from which it can be distinguished by having smaller dorsal body blotches, a longer tail, and shorter spines on the hemipenial body. The shortest genetic distances between the new species and its congeners are 0.02 (16S), 0.05 (cytb), and 0.18 (ND4). The new species is restricted to the Jubones River Basin in southern Ecuador, an area of endemism for other reptile species. Our phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data also supports recognition of the names L. larcorum (restricted to Peru) for “L. septentrionalis larcorum”, and L. ornata for populations of “L. s. ornata” from central and eastern Panama, western Colombia, and western Ecuador. However, some samples of “L. s. ornata” from Panama and Costa Rica, as well as the new species described herein, are not included within or more closely related to L. ornata, which is sister to the clade (L. bakeri, L. ashmeadii). 

scholarly journals Psychrophrynella glaucasp. n., a new species of terrestrial-breeding frogs (Amphibia, Anura, Strabomantidae) from the montane forests of the Amazonian Andes of Puno, Peru

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Catenazzi ◽  
Alex Ttito
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of small strabomantid frog (genusPsychrophrynella) from a humid montane forest in the Peruvian Department of Puno. Specimens were collected at 2,225 m a.s.l. in the leaf litter of primary montane forest near Thiuni, along the Macusani–San Gabán road, in the province of Carabaya. The new species is assigned toPsychrophrynellaon the basis of morphological similarity, including presence of a tubercle on the inner edge of the tarsus, and call composed of multiple notes. We also include genetic distances for 16S rRNA partial sequences between the new species and other strabomantid frogs. The species with lowest genetic distances arePsychrophrynella chirihampatuandPsychrophrynella usurpator. Psychrophrynella glaucasp. n. is readily distinguished from the three other species ofPsychrophrynella(Psychrophrynella bagrecito,P. chirihampatu, andP. usurpator) by its small size, and by having belly and ventral surfaces of legs reddish-brown or red, and chest and throat brown to dark brown with a profusion of bluish-gray flecks. The new species is only known from its type locality. With the discovery ofP. glauca, the geographic distribution ofPsychrophrynellais extended to the Department of Puno, where it was no longer represented after the description of the genusMicrokayla. Furthermore, the Cordillera de Carabaya is the only mountain range known to be home to four of the seven genera of Holoadeninae (Bryophryne,Microkayla,Noblella, andPsychrophrynella), suggesting an intriguing evolutionary history for this group in southern Peru.

A new species of Megophrys (Amphibia: Anura: Megophryidae) from Vietnam

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4722 (5) ◽  
pp. 401-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
TRUONG QUANG NGUYEN ◽  
CUONG THE PHAM ◽  
TAO THIEN NGUYEN ◽  
ANH MAI LUONG ◽  
THOMAS ZIEGLER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
Dorsal Ridge ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Megophrys is described from Cao Bang Province, northeastern Vietnam based on morphological and molecular data. Morphologically, the new species is distinguishable from its congeners by a combination of the following characters: Size small (SVL 34.9–38.9 mm in males); tympanum visible; vomerine teeth absent; tongue not notched posteriorly; male with a single vocal sac; toes with rudimentary webbing; subarticular tubercles and lateral fringes absent on all digits; nuptial pads present on fingers I and II in males, with spicules; dorsal skin with scattered granules and tubercles; flank with tubercles; dorsum with a X-shaped dorsal ridge; dorsolateral folds prominent; a small horn-like tubercle present at the outer edge of the eyelid; dorsal surface yellowish brown with a dark brown triangle between the eyes, and a dark brown marking along the X-shaped ridge on the back. In the phylogenetic analyses, the new species is unambiguously nested within the subgenus Panophrys with interspecific uncorrected genetic p-distances (16S rRNA gene) varying from 4.26% (compared with M. rubrimera) to 10.80% (compared with M. acuta).

A new species of the genus Megophrys Gunther, 1864 (Amphibia: Anura: Megophryidae) from Mount Wuyi, China

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4554 (2) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEVIN R. MESSENGER ◽  
HOLLIS A. DAHN ◽  
YUANRUI LIANG ◽  
PENG XIE ◽  
YONG WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
The Many ◽  
A New Species

A new species of horned toad, Megophrys ombrophila sp. nov., is described based on specimens found from Guadun village from Mount Wuyi in northwestern Fujian Province, China. The species is distinguished from other described Megophrys by morphology, bioacoustics, and molecular data of the 12S and 16S mitochondrial loci. The species is characterized by its rotund stature, head length approximately equal to head width, canthus rostralis well developed, tympanum large and distinct, vomerine teeth absent, margin of tongue smooth, not notched from behind, heels of the feet not meeting when femurs are held at 90° to the axis of the body and tibias are depressed against the femur, toes weakly webbed at base, dorsal skin mostly smooth with scattered granules and ridges, usually the presence of two discontinuous dorsolateral ridges, supratympanic fold distinct and well-developed, and with females ranging from 32.8–35 mm snout-to-vent length, and males ranging from 27.4–34.5 mm SVL. In its type locality, the species is sympatric with M. boettgeri and M. kuatunensis; and phylogenetically, the most closely related described species is M. obesa from southwest Guangdong province. As more cryptic species are described within the subfamily Megophryinae, the more apparent becomes the need for fine-scale molecular and phenotypic assessment to capture the many forms of this hyper-diverse group. 

A new species of Phrynopus from the northeastern Andes of Peru, its phylogenetic position, and notes on the relationships of Holoadeninae (Anura: Craugastoridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4446 (4) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
PABLO J. VENEGAS ◽  
ANDY C. BARBOZA ◽  
IGNACIO DE LA RIVA ◽  
JOSÉ M. PADIAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Sister Relationship ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

We report the discovery of a geographically disjunct and morphologically distinctive species of direct-developing frog of the genus Phrynopus (Phrynopus mariellaleo sp. nov.) that changes considerably our understanding of the distribution of species in this Andean genus. The type locality lies on a subcordillera (Cerro de Campanario area) of the extreme northeastern portion of the Cordillera Central of Peru, on the headwaters of the Mayo River, Amazonas department, at 2575 m asl (6°6’42.9’’S, 77°26’24’’W). This area is situated 170 km to the NE from the northernmost record of Phrynopus known so far. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of a supermatrix (13269 aligned positions of gene sequences of four mitochondrial and ten nuclear genes) of 105 terminals (representing 93 named and 9 unnamed species of Holoadeninae) recover this new species as the sister to Phrynopus auriculatus, a species occurring more than 500 km south of the type locality of the new species. Both Phrynopus auriculatus and the new species occur at moderate elevations on the easternmost stretches of the Andean subcordilleras; their sister relationship point to a potentially broader distribution of species of Phrynopus along the poorly sampled intervening areas of the eastern hills of the Andes. The new species has a conspicuous and visibly large tympanic membrane (a trait rare in the clade), outlined by a marked bold black supratympanic fold and a black facial mask, and exhibits conspicuous dorsolateral, scapular, and middorsal Y-shaped folds. Specimens were found on the forest floor—a rocky substrate covered by a thick layer of leaf litter, moss and roots—of a primary humid montane forest (Yungas ecoregion) with scattered patches of bamboo (Chusquea spp.). Our phylogenetic analyses corroborate the monophyly of all Holoadeninae genera, including Euparkerella and Psychrophrynella, genera for which tests of monophyly were pending, and corroborates Hypodactylus nigrovittatus as part of Hypodactylus and sister to a clade that includes H. brunneus, H. elassodiscus and H. peraccai. 

scholarly journals A new species of the Asian leaf litter toad genus Leptobrachella Smith, 1925 (Anura, Megophryidae) from northwest Guizhou Province, China

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1021 ◽  
pp. 81-107
Author(s):  
Yan-Lin Cheng ◽  
Sheng-Chao Shi ◽  
Jiaqi Li ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Shi-Ze Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the Asian leaf litter toad genus Leptobrachella is described from Guizhou Province, China. Molecular phylogenetic analyses support the new species as an independent lineage deeply nested in the Leptobrachella clade. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following morphological characters: body size medium (SVL 29.7–31.2 mm in five adult males); dorsal skin shagreened, some of the granules forming longitudinal short skin ridges; tympanum distinctly discernible, slightly concave; supra-axillary, femoral, pectoral and ventrolateral glands distinctly visible; absence of webbing and lateral fringes on fingers; toes with narrow lateral fringes but without webbing; heels overlapping when thighs are positioned at right angles to the body; tibia-tarsal articulation reaching the middle of eye when leg stretched forward. The discovery highlighted the underestimated species diversity in the Leptobrachella toads in southwestern China.

A new frog of the genus Aromobates (Anura, Dendrobatidae) from Sierra de Perijá, Venezuela

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2919 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERNANDO J. M. ROJAS-RUNJAIC ◽  
EDWIN E. INFANTE-RIVERO ◽  
CÉSAR L. BARRIO-AMORÓS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
The Andes ◽  
A New Species

A new species of diurnal frog of the genus Aromobates is described from the Sierra de Perijá in the Andes of western Venezuela. The new species is the first dendrobatid reported from this mountain range, though many other congeners are known from the Cordillera de Mérida, also in the Venezuelan Andes. It can be readily distinguished from all congeners by the unique combination of the following characters: dorsal skin granulate, paired and protuberant dorsal digital scutes, finger I shorter than finger II, fringes absent on fingers I and IV, present and conspicuous on all toes, toe webbing basal, dorsolateral stripe present, oblique lateral stripe diffuse, ventrolateral stripe absent. With this new species the number of Aromobates species from Venezuela increases to 13.

scholarly journals A New Species of Terrestrial-Breeding Frog (Amphibia, Strabomantidae, Noblella) from the Upper Madre De Dios Watershed, Amazonian Andes and Lowlands of Southern Peru

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Santa-Cruz ◽  
Rudolf von May ◽  
Alessandro Catenazzi ◽  
Courtney Whitcher ◽  
Evaristo López Tejeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Ventral Part ◽  
Southern Peru ◽  
Madre De Dios ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Diagnostic Characteristics ◽  
Elevational Distribution ◽  
A New Species

We describe and name a new species of Noblella Barbour, 1930 (Strabomantidae) from southern Peru. Key diagnostic characteristics of the new species include the presence of a short, oblique fold-like tubercle on the ventral part of the tarsal region, two phalanges on finger IV, and an evident tympanum. The elevational distribution of the new species spans 1250 m (240–1490 m) from lowland Amazon rainforest to montane forest on the eastern slopes of the Andes.

A bizarre new species of Lynchius (Amphibia, Anura, Strabomantidae) from the Andes of Ecuador and first report of Lynchius parkeri in Ecuador

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4567 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUAN C. SÁNCHEZ-NIVICELA ◽  
VERONICA L. URGILES ◽  
MARÍA JOSÉ NAVARRETE ◽  
MARIO H. YÁNEZ-MUÑOZ ◽  
SANTIAGO RON
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
National Park ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Dorsal Region ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Southern Ecuador ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of Lynchius from the eastern montane forest of southern Ecuador. We also report the occurrence of L. parkeri in Ecuador, on paramos of Yacuri National Park, near the border with Peru. We used morphological and genetic evidence for the description of the new species and the new report of L. parkeri. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out using both maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference on DNA sequences for mitochondrial and nuclear genes. The phylogeny shows that L. simmonsi is sister to a clade composed of the remaining species of Lynchius and that the new species is sister to L. flavomaculatus. The new species has a prominent and heavily ossified head with noticeably spiculate cranial exostosis that easily distinguishes it from all its congeners. The dorsal region and limbs present several reduced subconical and rounded tubercles and pronounced dermal ridges on the dorsum. We also describe the osteology of the new species based on x-rays of the holotype. Only six species of Lynchius, two known to occur in Ecuador (L. flavomaculatus and L. simmonsi). The description of L. megacephalus sp. n. and new record of L. parkeri double the number of known Lynchius in Ecuador and suggest that the diversity of Ecuadorian and Peruvian Lynchius is still underestimated.

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