scholarly journals Liver slice culture as a model for lipid metabolism in fish

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7732
Author(s):  
Thomas N. Harvey ◽  
Simen R. Sandve ◽  
Yang Jin ◽  
Jon Olav Vik ◽  
Jacob S. Torgersen
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Liver Slice ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Slice Culture ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Feed Composition ◽  
Molecular Features

Hepatic lipid metabolism is traditionally investigated in vitro using hepatocyte monocultures lacking the complex three-dimensional structure and interacting cell types essential liver function. Precision cut liver slice (PCLS) culture represents an alternative in vitro system, which benefits from retention of tissue architecture. Here, we present the first comprehensive evaluation of the PCLS method in fish (Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.) and validate it in the context of lipid metabolism using feeding trials, extensive transcriptomic data, and fatty acid measurements. We observe an initial period of post-slicing global transcriptome adjustment, which plateaued after 3 days in major metabolic pathways and stabilized through 9 days. PCLS fed alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and insulin responded in a liver-like manner, increasing lipid biosynthesis gene expression. We identify interactions between insulin and ALA, where two PUFA biosynthesis genes that were induced by insulin or ALA alone, were highly down-regulated when insulin and ALA were combined. We also find that transcriptomic profiles of liver slices are exceedingly more similar to whole liver than hepatocyte monocultures, both for lipid metabolism and liver marker genes. PCLS culture opens new avenues for high throughput experimentation on the effect of “novel feed composition” and represent a promising new strategy for studying genotype-specific molecular features of metabolism.

Protection of liver cells from ethanol cytotoxicity by curcumin in liver slice culture in vitro

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Naik ◽  
A.M. Mujumdar ◽  
Saroj Ghaskadbi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Slice ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Slice Culture ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Ethanol Cytotoxicity

1291 Development of a novel in vitro model of liver fibrosis using organotypic liver slice culture

Hepatology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 780-781
Author(s):  
J DAVIES ◽  
C VERRILL ◽  
H MILLWARDSADLER ◽  
L SUNDSTROM ◽  
N SHERON
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Liver Slice ◽  
Slice Culture ◽  
Vitro Model

Liver slice culture for assessing hepatotoxicity of freshwater cyanobacteria

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bhattacharya ◽  
PV Lakshmana Rao ◽  
Asb Bhaskar ◽  
SC Pant ◽  
SN Dube
Keyword(s):  
Algal Species ◽  
Liver Slice ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Slice Culture ◽  
Toxicity Screening ◽  
Toxic Cyanobacteria ◽  
Indian Origin ◽  
Biochemical Indices

1 A modified mouse liver slice culture technique was established and the viability of the system was assessed on the basis of leakage of cytosolic enzymes viz. lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), ala nine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartic aminotransferase (AST) and slice histology. 2 This system was employed for toxicity screening of five algal species of Indian origin on the basis of the EC50 for LDH leakage (dose of cyanobacteria resulting in leakage of 50% of enzyme) of a known toxic cyano bacterial strain Microcystis aeruginosa (PCC 7820). On the basis of both in vitro and in vivo toxicity none of the five species screened exhibited toxicity. 3 The toxicity of PCC 7820 was compared with a purified cyanobacterial hepatotoxin, Microcystin-LR. Various biochemical indices and histological changes confirm the hepatotoxic nature of the toxins. 4 The toxins did not induce glutathione-mediated lipid peroxidation but they did cause significant mitochondrial damage based on an MTT assay. 5 The study illustrates the utility of this in vitro system in identifying naturally occurring toxic cyanobacteria, particularly hepatotoxic species.

scholarly journals Organotypic Brain Slice Culture Microglia Exhibit Molecular Similarity to Acutely-Isolated Adult Microglia and Provide a Platform to Study Neuroinflammation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex R. D. Delbridge ◽  
Dann Huh ◽  
Margot Brickelmaier ◽  
Jeremy C. Burns ◽  
Chris Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Brain Slice ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Slice Culture ◽  
Organotypic Brain Slice ◽  
Brain Slice Cultures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Microglia are central nervous system (CNS) resident immune cells that have been implicated in neuroinflammatory pathogenesis of a variety of neurological conditions. Their manifold context-dependent contributions to neuroinflammation are only beginning to be elucidated, which can be attributed in part to the challenges of studying microglia in vivo and the lack of tractable in vitro systems to study microglia function. Organotypic brain slice cultures offer a tissue-relevant context that enables the study of CNS resident cells and the analysis of brain slice microglial phenotypes has provided important insights, in particular into neuroprotective functions. Here we use RNA sequencing, direct digital quantification of gene expression with nCounter® technology and targeted analysis of individual microglial signature genes, to characterize brain slice microglia relative to acutely-isolated counterparts and 2-dimensional (2D) primary microglia cultures, a widely used in vitro surrogate. Analysis using single cell and population-based methods found brain slice microglia exhibited better preservation of canonical microglia markers and overall gene expression with stronger fidelity to acutely-isolated adult microglia, relative to in vitro cells. We characterized the dynamic phenotypic changes of brain slice microglia over time, after plating in culture. Mechanical damage associated with slice preparation prompted an initial period of inflammation, which resolved over time. Based on flow cytometry and gene expression profiling we identified the 2-week timepoint as optimal for investigation of microglia responses to exogenously-applied stimuli as exemplified by treatment-induced neuroinflammatory changes observed in microglia following LPS, TNF and GM-CSF addition to the culture medium. Altogether these findings indicate that brain slice cultures provide an experimental system superior to in vitro culture of microglia as a surrogate to investigate microglia functions, and the impact of soluble factors and cellular context on their physiology.

scholarly journals Estimation of Bioactive Compound, Maslinic Acid by HPTLC, and Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Activity on Fruit Pulp ofZiziphus jujubaMill. Cultivars in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anagha Rajopadhye ◽  
Anuradha S. Upadhye
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Liver Slice ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Culture Cell ◽  
Slice Culture ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Maslinic Acid ◽  
Indian Jujube

Fruits ofZiziphus jujubaMill. (family: Rhamnaceae), known as Indian jujube or “Ber,” are of potential nutritional and medicinal value. The objectives of the present study were to estimate bioactive compound maslinic acid by HPTLC method and to evaluatein vitroantioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of eight cultivars of Indian jujube. Maslinic acid and the fruit pulp of various cultivars of Indian jujube, namely,Gola,Sannur,Umaran,Mehrun, andChhuhara, exhibited significantly high antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity. HPTLC-densitometric method was developed for quantification of maslinic acid from fruits of Indian jujube cultivars. The trend of occurrence of maslinic acid in fruits pulp extracts was as follows:Gola>Sannur>Umaran>Mehrun>Chhuhara> Wild >Kadaka>Apple. A significant correlation was shown by maslinic acid content and prevention of oxidative stress induced by CCl4in liver slice culture cell treated with extract. Maslinic acid along with its other phytoconstituents like phenols, flavonoids, and ascorbic acid may act as a possible therapeutic agent for preventing hepatotoxicity caused by oxidative stress generated due to the prooxidants like CCl4. This is the first report of fruit pulp extracts ofZ. jujubecultivars in India and maslinic acid preventing CCl4induced damage in liver slice culture cell of mice.

5[beta]-reductase (AKR1D1) is a potent regulator of hepatic insulin sensitivity, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in vitro and in vivo

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Nikolaou ◽  
Laura Gathercole ◽  
Lea Marchand ◽  
Sara Althari ◽  
Charlotte Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Carbohydrate And Lipid Metabolism

Precision-cut Guinea-pig Liver Slices as a Tool for Studying the Toxicity of Volatile Anaesthetics

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (1_part_1) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Hanan N. Ghantous ◽  
Jeanne Fernando ◽  
Scott E. Morgan ◽  
A. Jay Gandolfi ◽  
Klaus Brandel
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Liver Slice ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetics ◽  
Pig Liver ◽  
Liver Slices ◽  
Guinea Pig Liver ◽  
Krebs Henseleit Buffer

Cultured precision-cut liver slices retain normal liver architecture and physiological biochemical functions. Hartley male guinea-pig liver slices have proven to be a good model for studying the biotransformation and toxicity of halothane. This system was used to evaluate the biotransformation and toxicity of different volatile anaesthetics (halothane, enflurane, isoflurane and sevoflurane), and compare their effects to those of new anaesthetics (desflurane). Liver slices (250–300μm thick) were incubated in sealed roller vials, containing Krebs Henseleit buffer at 37°C under 95% O2:5% CO2 atmosphere. Volatile anaesthetics were delivered by volatilisation after pre-incubation for 1 hour to produce a constant concentration in the medium. Production of the metabolites, trifluroacetic acid and fluoride ion, was measured. Intracellular potassium ion content, protein synthesis and secretion were determined as indicators of viability of the slices. The rank order of biotransformation of anaesthetics by the liver slices was halothane >sevoflurane>isoflurane and enflurane>desflurane. The rank order of hepatotoxicity of these anaesthetics was halothane>isoflurane and enflurane>sevoflurane and desflurane. Halothane is the anaesthetic which is metabolised furthest and has the most toxic effect, while desflurane is the least metabolised anaesthetic and has the least toxicity. This in vitro cultured precision-cut liver slice system appears to be suitable for studying the biotransformation of volatile anaesthetics and correlating its role in the resulting toxicity.

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