scholarly journals Long-term impact of a 4-day feed restriction at the protozoea stage on metabolic gene expressions of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8715
Author(s):  
Luis Paulo A. Lage ◽  
Delphine Weissman ◽  
Mélanie Serusier ◽  
Soraia Marques Putrino ◽  
Frederic Baron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Nutritional Programming ◽  
Whiteleg Shrimp

Based on the “nutritional programming” concept, we evaluated the long-term effects of an early four-day caloric restriction (40% reduction in feed allowance compared to a normal feeding level) at the protozoea stage in whiteleg shrimp. We analyzed long-term programming of shrimp by studying metabolism at the molecular level, through RT-qPCR of key biomarkers (involved in intermediary metabolism and digestion). The mRNA levels (extracted from the whole body) were analyzed after the stimulus and after the rearing period, at 20 and 35 days, respectively. At the end of the experimental period, shrimp growth performance was evaluated. There was no difference between normal feed allowance (CTL) and feed-restricted shrimp (RES) for performance parameters (survival, final body weight and the number of post-larvae g−1 or PL g−1). The stimulus directly affected the mRNA levels for only two genes, i.e., preamylase and lvglut 2 which were expressed at higher levels in feed-restricted shrimp. In the long-term, higher levels of mRNAs for enzymes coding for glycolysis and ATP synthesis were also detected. This suggests a possible long-term modification of the metabolism that is linked to the stimulus at the protozoea stage. Overall, further studies are needed to improve nutritional programming in shrimp.

scholarly journals Transitional Cell Carcinomas of the Urinary Tract in a Colony of Beagle Dogs

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Nikula ◽  
S. A. Benjamin ◽  
G. M. Angleton ◽  
A. C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Microscopic Features

Gross and light microscopic features of transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) of the urinary tract were examined in Beagle dogs used for the study of the long-term effects of low-dose, whole-body, 60Co gamma radiation. Thirty-eight cases of TCC occurred among 990 dogs that were from 0 to 14 years of age. There was no conclusive evidence of a radiation effect. The 38 TCC were equally divided between male and female dogs, but there was a significant difference in the sex distribution of urethra-origin TCC. Eleven males had a primary urethral TCC compared to only two females. There was no significant difference between the urethra-origin and bladder-origin TCCs in the number of tumors that caused clinical signs, metastasized, or that contributed to the death of the dog. All cases of urethral TCC in male dogs occurred in the prostatic urethra. The majority of these cases were not recognized to be neoplasms at gross necropsy, but microscopic examination revealed the TCC. Our findings differ from previous reports stating that TCC occurs more frequently in female than male dogs, and they especially differ from reports claiming that urethra-origin TCC is predominately a disease of female dogs.

Chemical Protection against the Long-Term Effects of a Single Whole-Body Exposure of Mice to Ionizing Radiation: II. Causes of Death

1978 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Maisin ◽  
A. Declève ◽  
G. B. Gerber ◽  
G. Mattelin ◽  
M. Lambiet-Collier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Chemical Protection

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Whole-Body Vibration on Human Gait: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Fischer ◽  
Thomas Vialleron ◽  
Guillaume Laffaye ◽  
Paul Fourcade ◽  
Tarek Hussein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Body Vibration

scholarly journals Early-life hypoxia alters adult physiology and reduces stress resistance and lifespan in Drosophila

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M Polan ◽  
Mohammad Alansari ◽  
Byoungchun Lee ◽  
Savraj Grewal
Keyword(s):  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Environmental Variable ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Starvation Stress ◽  
Ambient Oxygen ◽  
Tor Kinase

ABSTRACTIn many animals, short-term fluctuations in environmental conditions in early life often exert long-term effects on adult physiology. In Drosophila, one ecologically relevant environmental variable is hypoxia. Drosophila larvae live on rotting, fermenting food rich in microorganisms – an environment characterized by low ambient oxygen. They have therefore evolved to tolerate hypoxia. While the acute effects of hypoxia in larvae have been well studied, whether early-life hypoxia affects adult physiology and fitness is less clear. Here we show that Drosophila exposed to hypoxia during their larval period subsequently show reduced starvation stress resistance and shorter lifespan as adults, with these effects being stronger in males. We find that these effects are associated with reduced whole-body insulin signaling but elevated TOR kinase activity, a manipulation known to reduce lifespan. We also identify a sexually dimorphic effect of larval hypoxia on adult nutrient storage and mobilization. Thus, we find that males, but not females, showing elevated levels of lipids and glycogen. Moreover, we see that both males and females exposed to hypoxia as larvae show defective lipid mobilization upon starvation stress as adults. These data show how early-life hypoxia can exert persistent, sexually dimorphic, long-term effects on Drosophila adult physiology and lifespan.

Long-term effects of negative pions in female mice exposed to whole-body irradiation

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-298
Author(s):  
A. Zimmermann ◽  
Ch. Michel ◽  
Ch. Stoller
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Female Mice
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