scholarly journals Increased photosynthesis and grain yields in maize grown with less irrigation water combined with density adjustment in semiarid regions

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9959
Author(s):  
Donghua Liu ◽  
Qianmin Jia ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Xiaolong Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Supplementary Irrigation ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

In order to design a water-saving and high-yield maize planting model suitable for semiarid areas, we conducted trials by combining supplementary irrigation with different planting densities. Three planting densities (L: 52,500, M: 75,000, and H: 97,500 plants ha–1) and four supplementary irrigation modes (NI: no irrigation; IV: 375 m3 ha–1 during the 11-leaf stage; IS: 375 m3 ha–1 in the silking stage; and IVS: 375 m3 ha–1 during both stages) were tested. The irrigation treatments significantly increased the leaf relative water content, but the high planting density significantly decreased the relative water content during the silking and filling stages. After supplementary irrigation during the 11-leaf stage, IV and IVS significantly increased the photosynthetic capacity, but decreased the leaf water use efficiency. IS and IVS significantly increased the photosynthetic capacity after supplementary irrigation in the silking stage over two years. During the filling stage, IV, IS, and IVS increased the two-year average net photosynthetic rate by 17.0%, 27.2%, and 30.3%, respectively. The intercellular CO2 concentration increased as the density increased, whereas the stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate, and leaf water use efficiency decreased, and the high planting density significantly reduced the leaf photosynthetic capacity. The highest grain yield was obtained using the IVS treatment under the medium planting density, but it did not differ significantly from that with the IS treatment. Furthermore, the IVS treatment used two times more water than the IS treatment. Thus, the medium planting density combined with supplementary irrigation during the silking stage was identified as a suitable water-saving planting model to improve the photosynthetic capacity and grain yield, and to cope with drought and water shortages in semiarid regions.

Polyamines in relation to metal concentration, distribution, relative water content and abscisic acid in wheat plants irrigated with waste water heavily polluted with heavy metals

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (05) ◽  
pp. 4534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heshmat Soliman Aldesuquy
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Growth Vigor

Present study was carried out in order to investigate the effect of grain presoaking in spermine (0.15 mM), spermidine (0.3 mM) and their interaction on growth vigor, metal distribution as well as leaf turgidity and abscisic acid in wheat plants. Waste water at concentrations 25%, 50% and 100% caused noticeable decreases in growth vigor of root and shoot, leaf area, relative water content and water use efficiency. On the other hand, waste water stress caused remarkable increases in heavy metals and saturation water deficit as well as abscisic acid content of flag leaf. Exogenous application of Spm, Spd or their interaction could counteract the adverse effects of heavy metals in waste water by improving growth vigor of root and shoot, water use efficiency, retention of leaf turgidity and decreasing abscisic acid in leaves and grains. Furthermore, these polyamines reduced heavy metals translocation from root to leaves till reach to grains.

scholarly journals Effect of relative water content and water use efficiency of Lactuca sativa under different methods of growing

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
Marvi Sharma ◽  
Gurdev Chand ◽  
Bhav Kumar Sinha ◽  
Antara Das
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

The present study entitled “Effect of relative water content and water use efficiency of Lactuca sativa under different methods of growing”was conducted to demonstrate water saving techniques and their role in plant growth and sustainable development that given a new dimension to modern agriculture. For experiment, two varities of lettuce was used i.e., Romaine and Grand rapid. The experiment was carried out in hydroponics having growing media and also in pots with equal amount of Farm Yard Manure at the experimental house of the Division of Plant Physiology, SKUAST-J. Growing media was therefore, applied in different ratio i.e., coco peat (100 %), Coco peat + Vermicompost (1:1), coco peat + perlite (1:1), coco peat + vermiculite (1:1), coco peat + perlite + vermiculite (1:1:1), coco peat + perlite + vermiculite + vermicompost (1:1:1:1) as well as with conventional method (soil + Manure). The performance of both varieties under hydroponic treatments was compared with the plants grown by conventional method. The experimental results revealed that among both the varities, treatment T5 performed better as compared to other treatments and should be recommended to other hydroponic growers and farmers in future.

scholarly journals Physiological Response of Three Varieties of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum Frutescens) To Decreased Water Availability

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Riyanto Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

Physiological response of three chili pepper varieties on water availability has been examined. The objective of this research was to determine the response of three chili pepper varieties on decreasing water availability. This research used completely randomized factorial design with two variables, namely: three varieties of chili pepper (Local, Genie, and Baskhara) and five different percentages of water availabilities (10, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). that water availability had a significant effect on the decreasing of both shoot and root dry weight as well as on relative water content (RWC). Meanwhile, the decreasing water availability increased water use efficiency (WUE). The varieties of chili pepper showed a significant effect on shoot and root dry weight, shoot-root ratio, relative water content and on water use efficiency. The interaction of both variables showed a significant effect on water use efficiency as well as root dry weight.

Effect of Planting Density on the Growth, Water Use Efficiency and Yield of Dry-farming Potato under Different Rainfall Year Types

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1560
Author(s):  
Xian-Qing HOU ◽  
You-Wen NIU ◽  
Wen-Li WU ◽  
Jin-Peng XU ◽  
Long SHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Dry Farming

Effects of Ridge Mulching with Side-dressing on Grain Yield, Protein Content and Water Use Efficiency in Dryland Wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming HUANG ◽  
Zhao-Hui WANG ◽  
Lai-Chao LUO ◽  
Sen WANG ◽  
Ming BAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Overexpression of MdATG8i improves water use efficiency in transgenic apple by modulating photosynthesis, osmotic balance, and autophagic activity under moderate water deficit

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Jia ◽  
Ke Mao ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Xumei Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Autophagic Activity

AbstractWater deficit is one of the major limiting factors for apple (Malus domestica) production on the Loess Plateau, a major apple cultivation area in China. The identification of genes related to the regulation of water use efficiency (WUE) is a crucial aspect of crop breeding programs. As a conserved degradation and recycling mechanism in eukaryotes, autophagy has been reported to participate in various stress responses. However, the relationship between autophagy and WUE regulation has not been explored. We have shown that a crucial autophagy protein in apple, MdATG8i, plays a role in improving salt tolerance. Here, we explored its biological function in response to long-term moderate drought stress. The results showed that MdATG8i-overexpressing (MdATG8i-OE) apple plants exhibited higher WUE than wild-type (WT) plants under long-term moderate drought conditions. Plant WUE can be increased by improving photosynthetic efficiency. Osmoregulation plays a critical role in plant stress resistance and adaptation. Under long-term drought conditions, the photosynthetic capacity and accumulation of sugar and amino acids were higher in MdATG8i-OE plants than in WT plants. The increased photosynthetic capacity in the OE plants could be attributed to their ability to maintain optimal stomatal aperture, organized chloroplasts, and strong antioxidant activity. MdATG8i overexpression also promoted autophagic activity, which was likely related to the changes described above. In summary, our results demonstrate that MdATG8i-OE apple lines exhibited higher WUE than WT under long-term moderate drought conditions because they maintained robust photosynthesis, effective osmotic adjustment processes, and strong autophagic activity.

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