Polyamines in relation to metal concentration, distribution, relative water content and abscisic acid in wheat plants irrigated with waste water heavily polluted with heavy metals

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (05) ◽  
pp. 4534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heshmat Soliman Aldesuquy
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Growth Vigor

Present study was carried out in order to investigate the effect of grain presoaking in spermine (0.15 mM), spermidine (0.3 mM) and their interaction on growth vigor, metal distribution as well as leaf turgidity and abscisic acid in wheat plants. Waste water at concentrations 25%, 50% and 100% caused noticeable decreases in growth vigor of root and shoot, leaf area, relative water content and water use efficiency. On the other hand, waste water stress caused remarkable increases in heavy metals and saturation water deficit as well as abscisic acid content of flag leaf. Exogenous application of Spm, Spd or their interaction could counteract the adverse effects of heavy metals in waste water by improving growth vigor of root and shoot, water use efficiency, retention of leaf turgidity and decreasing abscisic acid in leaves and grains. Furthermore, these polyamines reduced heavy metals translocation from root to leaves till reach to grains.

scholarly journals Effect of relative water content and water use efficiency of Lactuca sativa under different methods of growing

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
Marvi Sharma ◽  
Gurdev Chand ◽  
Bhav Kumar Sinha ◽  
Antara Das
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

The present study entitled “Effect of relative water content and water use efficiency of Lactuca sativa under different methods of growing”was conducted to demonstrate water saving techniques and their role in plant growth and sustainable development that given a new dimension to modern agriculture. For experiment, two varities of lettuce was used i.e., Romaine and Grand rapid. The experiment was carried out in hydroponics having growing media and also in pots with equal amount of Farm Yard Manure at the experimental house of the Division of Plant Physiology, SKUAST-J. Growing media was therefore, applied in different ratio i.e., coco peat (100 %), Coco peat + Vermicompost (1:1), coco peat + perlite (1:1), coco peat + vermiculite (1:1), coco peat + perlite + vermiculite (1:1:1), coco peat + perlite + vermiculite + vermicompost (1:1:1:1) as well as with conventional method (soil + Manure). The performance of both varieties under hydroponic treatments was compared with the plants grown by conventional method. The experimental results revealed that among both the varities, treatment T5 performed better as compared to other treatments and should be recommended to other hydroponic growers and farmers in future.

scholarly journals Physiological responses to drought of Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl in semi-arid conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Rodrigues Ramos ◽  
Antonio Lucineudo Oliveira Freire
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

This study aimed to evaluate the physiological behavior of faveleira (Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl) plants grown in the field, in Caatinga, during wet and dry seasons. Adult plants were selected for evaluation in March and April (wet season) and May and June (dry season), during 2016. We evaluated the soil water content, water potential (Ψw), osmotic potential (Ψπ), relative water content (RWC), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), photosynthetic rate (A), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), instantaneous water use efficiency (A/E) and carboxylation efficiency (A/Ci). The reduction in water availability in the soil promoted a marked decrease in soil water potential, which was more affected than the relative water content. The opening of the stomata was affected by the decrease in soil moisture content, reducing the stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthesis rate, instantaneous water use efficiency and carboxylation efficiency. The photosynthesis was more affected than transpiration by the reduction in soil moisture content.

scholarly journals Increased photosynthesis and grain yields in maize grown with less irrigation water combined with density adjustment in semiarid regions

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9959
Author(s):  
Donghua Liu ◽  
Qianmin Jia ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Xiaolong Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Supplementary Irrigation ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

In order to design a water-saving and high-yield maize planting model suitable for semiarid areas, we conducted trials by combining supplementary irrigation with different planting densities. Three planting densities (L: 52,500, M: 75,000, and H: 97,500 plants ha–1) and four supplementary irrigation modes (NI: no irrigation; IV: 375 m3 ha–1 during the 11-leaf stage; IS: 375 m3 ha–1 in the silking stage; and IVS: 375 m3 ha–1 during both stages) were tested. The irrigation treatments significantly increased the leaf relative water content, but the high planting density significantly decreased the relative water content during the silking and filling stages. After supplementary irrigation during the 11-leaf stage, IV and IVS significantly increased the photosynthetic capacity, but decreased the leaf water use efficiency. IS and IVS significantly increased the photosynthetic capacity after supplementary irrigation in the silking stage over two years. During the filling stage, IV, IS, and IVS increased the two-year average net photosynthetic rate by 17.0%, 27.2%, and 30.3%, respectively. The intercellular CO2 concentration increased as the density increased, whereas the stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate, and leaf water use efficiency decreased, and the high planting density significantly reduced the leaf photosynthetic capacity. The highest grain yield was obtained using the IVS treatment under the medium planting density, but it did not differ significantly from that with the IS treatment. Furthermore, the IVS treatment used two times more water than the IS treatment. Thus, the medium planting density combined with supplementary irrigation during the silking stage was identified as a suitable water-saving planting model to improve the photosynthetic capacity and grain yield, and to cope with drought and water shortages in semiarid regions.

Planting pattern and irrigation effects on water status of winter wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 (8) ◽  
pp. 1362-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Y. WANG ◽  
X. B. ZHOU ◽  
Y. H. CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Use Efficiency

SUMMARYThe effects of planting pattern and irrigation on the soil water content, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, leaf water potential and leaf water use efficiency of winter wheat were investigated in North China during the 2008/09 and 2009/10 growing seasons. A field experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design that consisted of three planting patterns: (i) a uniform row spacing of 25 cm, and alternating wide–narrow row spacing of 40 and 20 cm tested as (ii) flat and (iii) furrow–ridge seedbeds. In addition, irrigation treatments of 90, 135 and 180 mm were used. The planting pattern, irrigation treatments and interactions between them significantly affected soil water content, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, leaf water potential and leaf water use efficiency. The soil water content, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, leaf water potential, grains/spike, thousand grain weight, leaf water use efficiency and yield were highest in the furrow–ridge seedbed planting pattern and increased with increasing irrigation (except for the leaf water use efficiency). The leaf water use efficiency in the 135 mm irrigation treatment was significantly greater than in the other treatments. In addition, soil water content, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, leaf water potential, grains/spike and thousand grain weight were positively correlated with leaf water use efficiency and yield of winter wheat. The interaction between the furrow–ridge seedbed planting pattern and 135 mm irrigation increased soil water content, leaf water indices, grains/spike, thousand grain weight, leaf water use efficiency and yield. These results indicated that a beneficial response occurred for wheat yield. The furrow–ridge seedbed planting pattern combined with 135 mm of irrigation improved the soil and leaf water status and could increase wheat yield while using less water.

scholarly journals Physiological Response of Three Varieties of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum Frutescens) To Decreased Water Availability

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Riyanto Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

Physiological response of three chili pepper varieties on water availability has been examined. The objective of this research was to determine the response of three chili pepper varieties on decreasing water availability. This research used completely randomized factorial design with two variables, namely: three varieties of chili pepper (Local, Genie, and Baskhara) and five different percentages of water availabilities (10, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). that water availability had a significant effect on the decreasing of both shoot and root dry weight as well as on relative water content (RWC). Meanwhile, the decreasing water availability increased water use efficiency (WUE). The varieties of chili pepper showed a significant effect on shoot and root dry weight, shoot-root ratio, relative water content and on water use efficiency. The interaction of both variables showed a significant effect on water use efficiency as well as root dry weight.

scholarly journals Increased water use efficiency and water productivity of arabidopsis by abscisic acid receptors from Populus canescens

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Papacek ◽  
Alexander Christmann ◽  
Erwin Grill
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Physiological Analysis ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Aba Receptors

Abstract Background and Aims Water deficit is the single most important factor limiting plant productivity in the field. Poplar is a crop used for second-generation bioenergy production that can be cultivated on marginal land without competing for land use in food production. Poplar has a high demand for water, which makes improving its water use efficiency (WUE) an attractive goal. Recently, we showed that enhanced expression of specific receptors of arabidopsis for the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) can improve WUE in arabidopsis and water productivity, i.e. more biomass is formed per unit of water over time. In this study, we examined whether ABA receptors from poplar can enhance WUE and water productivity in arabidopsis. Methods ABA receptors from poplar were stably introduced into arabidopsis for analysis of their effect on water use efficiency. Physiological analysis included growth assessment and gas exchange measurements. Key Results The data presented here are in agreement with the functionality of poplar ABA receptors in arabidopsis, which led to ABA-hypersensitive seed germination and root growth. In addition, arabidopsis lines expressing poplar RCAR10, but not RCAR9, showed increased WUE by up to 26 % compared with the wild type with few trade-offs in growth that also resulted in higher water productivity during drought. The improved WUE was mediated by reduced stomatal conductance, a steeper CO2 gradient at the leaf boundary and sustained photosynthesis resulting in an increased intrinsic WUE (iWUE). Conclusions The analysis is a case study supporting the use of poplar ABA receptors for improving WUE and showing the feasibility of using a heterologous expression strategy for generating plants with improved water productivity.

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