Behavior Of Individual Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo Abelii) Before Direintroduction At The Orangutan Quarantine Station, Sibolangit, Deli Serdang, North Sumatera

The individual behavior of orangutan (Pongoabeli) before reintroduction to the wild was studied from March to June 2012 in orangutan quarantine station Batumbelin Sibolangit, Deli Serdang. The research used focal animal sampling method, at the same time the data recording was taken using instantenous method. The result showed that solitary behavior (39.34%) which was dominated by feeding (20.60%). The second highest (35.31%) was resting which was dominating by sitting (16.87%) followed by moving behavior (13.58%) which mostly was branching (7.54%). The least activity was competitive behavior (1.88%) which was dominated by streaking down each other (0.82%). The result also indicated an abnormal behavior among 3 orangutans observed such as eating their own feces.

Karyotype and Growth Analysis of UV-induced Soybean (Glycine max L.)

Karyotype and growth analysis of Soybean (Glycine max L.) after exposed to Ultraviolet light had been done. The objective of this research was to investigate karyotype design and vegetative growth of soybean induced with UV light. The experiment was Completely Randomized Designed with 2 treatment factors. The first factor was Ultraviolet light by 3 levels: 10, 20 and 30 Watt and the second was the length of UV exposure by 3 levels: 5, 10, and 15 minutes. Each treatment was replicated 2 times and the plant that was not exposed to UV used as control. The karyotype was observed by squash method. The results showed that the intensity and duration of UV light has no effect on the number of chromosomes but the light has effect on the number of chromosomes type. Statistical analysis showed that the increase in UV energy up to 30 Watt and time exposure of 15 minutes, caused the increase on height, number of leaves, flowers, the fresh and dry weight of plant, and chlorophyll concentration compared to untreated plants.

Isolation and Potential Testing of North Sumatera Berastagi Agricultural Soil In Degrading Marshal Insecticide With Carbosulfan Active Material

The isolation of bacteria from Berastagi agricultural soil North Sumatera has been done. The aim is to evaluate their ability in degrading carbosulfan. Sixteen bacterial isolates were obtained using selective media Bushnel Hass Agar (BHA) containing 12 ppm of carbosulfan. The parameters observed were the growth of isolates, biosurfactant activity, biosurfactant concentration, and the residue of carbosulfan after 21 days of incubation. The result showed that all isolates were able to degrade carbosulfan as the sole carbon source. Two isolates namely JBM 3 (isolate from citrus agricultural soil Berastagi) and KBM 1 (isolate from cabbage agricultural soil Berastagi) were selected for further test to determine their ability to degrade carbosulfan. The results showed that both of the isolates were able to degrade carbosulfan. Compare to control, isolate JBM 3 was able to decrease the concentration of carbosulfan by 33.33%, while isolate KBM 1 was able to reduce carbosulfan concentration up to 40.47%.

Potency of Rosela Leaves (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) as a Hepatoprotector to Histological Structure Damage of the Hepar of Mice Male (Mus musculus L.) Strain DDW that Proposed Natrium Nitrite (NaNO2)

The study of Rosela Leaf Extract As A Protective Agent Against The Damage Of Liver Tissue OfMale Mice Strain DDW that has been Induced By Sodium Nitrite was conducted. The experiment used Completely Randomized Design. The treatment given was three different dosages of rosella leaf extract, namely 14 mg / ml, 28 mg / ml and 42 mg / ml and without any extract as a control. All mice have been induced by sodium nitrite for 18 days followed by healing process through injection of 0.3 ml of rosella leaf extract at different concentration per day during 14 days. The result showed that he control, treatment of 14 mg / ml and 42 mg / ml affected the color change of liver tissue. However, the control increased liver tissue weight compared to all treatments. The damage levels of hepatocyte tissue treated by all different dosages of fresh rosella leaf extract decreased compared to the damage level of control. It could be concluded that fresh rosella leaf extract showed potential agent to protect liver mice from damage caused by sodium nitrite induction.

The EFFECT OF THE QUALITY OF Morus cathayana LEAVES AGAINST NUTRITION INDEX Bombyx mori L.

The effect of quality mulberry leaf Morus cathayana on nutrition index of silkworm Bombyx mori L. have been conducted . This research was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) by two treatments. The first treatment was mulberry plant that cultivated on soil with Urea, TSP and NPK fertilizers and the second was the plants were not fertilized l. Each treatment was replicate 20 times. The results showed that the addition of Urea, TSP and NPK fertilizer on mulberry has effect (p<0,05) on increasing of the growth rate (GR) of instar III, the consumption rate (CR) of instars III and V, and efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) of instar III and V. In addition, approximate digestibility (AD) of instar III, IV were 20%, 7%, 24%, 40% and then V was 51%, 15%, 21% and 70% respectively.

Physiological Response of Three Varieties of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum Frutescens) To Decreased Water Availability

Physiological response of three chili pepper varieties on water availability has been examined. The objective of this research was to determine the response of three chili pepper varieties on decreasing water availability. This research used completely randomized factorial design with two variables, namely: three varieties of chili pepper (Local, Genie, and Baskhara) and five different percentages of water availabilities (10, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). that water availability had a significant effect on the decreasing of both shoot and root dry weight as well as on relative water content (RWC). Meanwhile, the decreasing water availability increased water use efficiency (WUE). The varieties of chili pepper showed a significant effect on shoot and root dry weight, shoot-root ratio, relative water content and on water use efficiency. The interaction of both variables showed a significant effect on water use efficiency as well as root dry weight.

The Effect of Morus Leaf Quality on Bombyx mori L. Nutrition Index

The effect of quality mulberry leaf Morus cathayana on nutrition index of silkworm Bombyx mori L. have been conducted . This research was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) by two treatments. The first treatment was mulberry plant that cultivated on soil with Urea, TSP and NPK fertilizers and the second was the plants were not fertilized l. Each treatment was replicate 20 times. The results showed that the addition of Urea, TSP and NPK fertilizer on mulberry has effect (p<0,05) on increasing of the growth rate (GR) of instar III, the consumption rate (CR) of instars III and V, and efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) of instar III and V. In addition, approximate digestibility (AD) of instar III, IV were 20%, 7%, 24%, 40% and then V was 51%, 15%, 21% and 70% respectively.

ISOLATION AND DEGRADATION STUDY ON CARBOSULFAN CONTAINING PESTICIDE OF BIOSUFACTANT-PRODUCING BACTERIA FROM BELAWAN SUMATERA

Uncontrol use of synthetic pesticide causes environmental pollution and leaves its residue in soil and water. The objective of this research was to obtain bacterial isolates capable of producing biosurfactant from Belawan North Sumatera and to observe their biosurfactant activities as well as their potential in degrading of carbosulfan pesticide. Bacteria were isolated using selective medium, Bushnell-Hass Agar (BHA) containing 2% of pesticide with carbosulfan as the active compound. The result showed that all bacterial isolates were able to grow on the medium and consumed carbosulfan as the carbon sourc. The highest cell population was shown by isolate Sp.1 with total count was 7.6×109 CFU/ml. The highest biosurfactant activity was shown by isolate Sp.6 with the volume of emulsion was 5.627 cm3, meanwhile the highest production of biosurfactant shown by Sp.7 with concentration was 54.6 ppm. Two isolates, Sp.1 and Sp.6 were selected for further test to study their abilities in carbosulfan degradation. Both isolates were able to degrade carbosulfan completely after 21 days of incubation.

The The Effect of Acetobacter xylinum Starter in Waste Liquid Pineapple Peel on the Properties of Nata de Pina

Fresh pineapple waste consisted of saccharides, water, protein, lipid, vitamin and minerals that can be used by beneficiary microorganisms for production another food products. The aim of this study was to investigate physical properties nata de pina made from waste liquid pineapple peel using various starter concentrations and length of fermentation of Acetobacter xylinum. The starter used were 20, 30 and 40% ml. Each 200 mL fresh waste containing the starter was incubated for 14, 21 and 28 days at 29°C. Nata properties such as yield, thickness, fibre and water content were determined. Results showed starter concentration and length of fermentation affect and significantly (P<0.05) different on nata thickness, yield and fiber content. The highest yield (35,75%), thickness (24.6 mm) and fibre content (4.43%) occurred at 40% starter after 28 days of fermentation. However, the optimum nata thickness occurred at 21 days. There is no significantly different (P<0.05) at nata moisture on starter concentration and length of fermentation. In conclusion, waste liquid pineapple peel is potential as a raw material source for making nata de pina with starter Acetobacter xylinum.

The Growth Rate Of Branchionus Plicatilis O.F. Muller Population With The Addition Of A Mixture Of Yeast, Chicken Manure Fertilizer, Urea, And Triple Super Phosphate (CAKAP)

The study of the growth rate of Branchionus plicatilis O.F. Muller population with the addition of a mixture of yeast, chicken manure fertilizer, urea, and triple super phosphate (CAKAP) was conducted in June 2012. Four treatments namely MK, MP1, Mp2, and MP3 were used in this experiment. MP1 consisted of CAKAP medium, 0.3 g/2L of yeast; MP1 consisted of CAKAP medium, 0.3 g/2L of yeast, and 0.1 ml/2L of fish oil. MP2 and MP3 have the composition as MP1 but show different concentrations of fish oil which were 0.2 and 0.3 ml/2L each. Every treatment had six replicates. The result showed that the highest growth rate of Branchionusplicatilis O F Muller was obtained from the first observation (day 2) of MP2 medium with the rate 2.605 individual x 2 x 10-3 per day while the lowest one was shown by MP3 medium which was 2.282 individual x 2 x 10-3 per day.