scholarly journals Characteristics of Heat Release Rate Predictions of Fire by a Fire Dynamics Simulator for Solid Combustible Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Dong-Gun Nam ◽  
Ter-Ki Hong ◽  
Myung-Ho Ryu ◽  
Seul-Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Fire Dynamics Simulator ◽  
Pu Foam ◽  
Pyrolysis Model ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Room Corner Test

The heat release rate (HRR) of fire for solid combustibles, consisting of multi-materials, was measured using the ISO 9705 room corner test, and a computational analysis was conducted to simulate the fire using an HRR prediction model that was provided by a fire dynamics simulator (FDS). As the solid combustible consisted of multi-materials, a cinema chair composed primarily of PU foam, PP, and steel was employed. The method for predicting the HRR provided by the FDS can be categorized into a simple model and a pyrolysis model. Because each model was applied and computational analysis was conducted under the same conditions, the HRR and fire growth rate predicted by the pyrolysis model had good agreement with the results obtained using the ISO 9705 room corner test.

Fire Growth in Standard Tests and Railcars

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Luo ◽  
Soroush Yazdani ◽  
Brian Y. Lattimer
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Fire Growth ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Room Corner Test

Large scale flammability performance of interior finish used on railcars has been evaluated in previous studies using the NFPA 286 room corner fire test, which has a cross-section similar to a railcar. In some studies, the wall containing the door was removed to account for the shorter length of the room compared to the railcar length. The focus of this study is to assess whether the NFPA 286 standard room-corner test with a door represents conditions that developed inside a railcar during a fire. Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) was used to model the fire growth in a NFPA 286 standard room-corner test with a door, NFPA 286 room without the wall containing the door, and railcar geometry with a single door open. All three cases had the same exposure fire in a corner and the same lining material. In predictions of the NFPA 286 room-corner test with a door, gas temperature, heat release rate, and time to flashover agreed well with available NFPA 286 standard test data. The simulation results of fire growth inside a railcar with one side door open produced similar conditions and fire growth compared with the standard NFPA 286 room with a door. For simulations on the NFPA 286 room with the wall containing the door removed, it was found that removal of the wall with the door resulted in non-conservative fire growth conditions with the gas temperature and heat release rate under-estimated compared to the standard NFPA 286 room with a door. These simulations indicate that the standard NFPA 286 room-corner test with a door is representative of conditions that would develop inside of a railcar.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Penyebaran Api Ketika Terjadi Kebakaran Berbasis Metode FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) pada Parkiran Sepeda Motor Kampus A Universitas Negeri Jakarta

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
Pratomo Setyadi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Burning Rate ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Fire Dynamics Simulator ◽  
Fire Modelling

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi karena melihat kondisi bangunan parkiran depan Kampus A Universitas NegeriJakarta yang pembangunan tersendat tetapi sudah dipergunakan untuk khayalayak di khawatirkan dapat membahayakanpenghuni, dan karyawan yang bekerja di gedung parkiran tersebut apabila terjadi kebakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenentukan kriteria bahaya kebakaran pada parkiran sepeda motor kampus A UNJ. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan SoftwareFire Dynamics Simulator Version 5.0 untuk membuat suatu pemodelan kebakaran berdasarkan titik awal nyala api dan arahangin.Pada penelitian ini akan membahas tentang perkembangan api dimana perkembangan api tersebut akandirepresentasikan oleh HRR (Heat Release Rate), burning rate, dan visualisasi dari masing-masing simulasi. Langkah inisangat menguntungkan karena dapat mengetahui bagaimana penyebaran api saat terjadi kebakaran dan seberapa bahayakebakaran yang disimulasikan. Dengan adanya fire modelling ini dapat menjadi pendekatan engineering praktis untukmemberikan peninjauan tambahan terhadap aspek keselamatan kebakaran pada gedung parkiran kampus A UniveristasNegeri Jakarta. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa cepatnya penyebaran api dipengaruhi titik awalnya api,kecepatan dan arah angin. Dimana semakin besar nilai HRR maka semakin besar pula nilai burning rate yang didapatkandan semakin besar pula tingkat kebakaran yang terjadi.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Penyebaran Api Ketika Terjadi Kebakaran Berbasis Metode FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) pada Parkiran Sepeda Motor Kampus A Universitas Negeri Jakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Pratomo Setyadi ◽  
Yola Furqaan Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Burning Rate ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Fire Dynamics Simulator ◽  
Fire Modelling

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi karena melihat kondisi bangunan parkiran depan Kampus A Universitas NegeriJakarta yang pembangunan tersendat tetapi sudah dipergunakan untuk khayalayak di khawatirkan dapat membahayakanpenghuni, dan karyawan yang bekerja di gedung parkiran tersebut apabila terjadi kebakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenentukan kriteria bahaya kebakaran pada parkiran sepeda motor kampus A UNJ. Dalam penelitian ini digunakanSoftware Fire Dynamics Simulator Version 5.0 untuk membuat suatu pemodelan kebakaran berdasarkan titik awal nyala apidan arah angin.Pada penelitian ini akan membahas tentang perkembangan api dimana perkembangan api tersebut akandirepresentasikan oleh HRR (Heat Release Rate), burning rate, dan visualisasi dari masing-masing simulasi. Langkah inisangat menguntungkan karena dapat mengetahui bagaimana penyebaran api saat terjadi kebakaran dan seberapa bahayakebakaran yang disimulasikan. Dengan adanya fire modelling ini dapat menjadi pendekatan engineering praktis untukmemberikan peninjauan tambahan terhadap aspek keselamatan kebakaran pada gedung parkiran kampus A UniveristasNegeri Jakarta. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa cepatnya penyebaran api dipengaruhi titik awalnya api,kecepatan dan arah angin. Dimana semakin besar nilai HRR maka semakin besar pula nilai burning rate yang didapatkandan semakin besar pula tingkat kebakaran yang terjadi.

scholarly journals Calculation of Uncertainty in Measuring Heat Release Rate in Room Corner Test

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang-Chul Noh ◽  
Chi-Hoon Kim ◽  
Seung-Chul Lee ◽  
Duck-Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Room Corner Test

scholarly journals Estimation of Magnitude and Heat Release Rate of Fires Occurring in Historic Buildings-Taking Churches as an Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9193
Author(s):  
Wen-Yao Chang ◽  
Chieh-Hsin Tang ◽  
Ching-Yuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Smoke Detector ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Maximum Heat ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
Maximum Heat Release

Historical buildings often fail to meet today’s building and fire protection regulations due to their structure and space restrictions. For this reason, if such buildings encounter fire, serious damage will be resulted. The fire of the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris (Notre-Dame de Paris) in April 2019 highlights the seriousness of this problem. In this study, the historical building of “Tamsui Church” was selected as an example. The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) was adopted to analyze the scale of damage and possible hazards when the wooden seats in the church are on fire, and improvement measures were proposed to ensure that such buildings can be used under safer conditions. It was found that the existing seat arrangement will cause the spreading of fire, and the maximum heat release rate is 2609.88 kW. The wooden roof frame above the fire source will also start to burn at 402.88 s (6.6 min) after the fire, which will lead to a full-scale fire. To maintain the safety of the historical building, it is necessary to add active firefighting equipment (smoke detector and water mist system).

Predicting Ignition and Combustion of a Pilot Ignited Natural Gas Jet Using Numerical Simulation Based on Detailed Chemistry

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Jud ◽  
Georg Fink ◽  
Thomas Sattelmayer
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Pressure Curve ◽  
Detailed Chemistry ◽  
Dual Fuel Combustion ◽  
Good Agreement

In this paper, a multidimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model coupled with detailed chemistry calculations was used to analyze dual-fuel combustion based on high pressure direct injection of natural gas. The main focus was to analyze the capability of predicting pressure curve and heat release rate (HRR) for different injection strategies. Zero-dimensional homogeneous constant volume reactor calculations were used to select a reaction mechanism for the temperature range below 800 K. As the best-performing mechanism, the Chalmers mechanism was chosen. To validate the numerical model, the setup was first split into a single gas injection and a single Diesel injection. They were validated individually using shadowgraphs obtained from a Rapid Compression Expansion Machine (RCEM). Diesel ignition timing and position in the combustion chamber were close to experimental results. Gas direct injection showed good agreement with regard to penetration and mixing. In the dual-fuel setup, the injection timing of natural gas was varied to create a first case with mainly diffusive combustion and a second case with mainly premixed combustion of natural gas. For both setups good agreement with pressure curve and heat release rate were achieved. A qualitative comparison of shadowgraphs with the density field highlights the important points to predict dual-fuel combustion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document