scholarly journals Dynamics of forest loss in the southeast of the Peruvian Amazon: a case study in Madre de Dios

Ecosistemas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Gabriel Alarcon Aguirre ◽  
Rembrandt R. Canahuire Robles ◽  
Felipe M. Guevara Duarez ◽  
Liset Rodríguez Achata ◽  
Luis E. Gallegos Chacón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Mapper ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Neural Net ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Madre De Dios ◽  
Spot 5

: La Amazonia occidental, puntualmente la región de Madre de Dios, es conocida como la capital de la biodiversidad del Perú y es reconocida mundialmente como uno de los lugares con mayor biodiversidad de la Tierra. Sin embargo, se ha visto amenazada por un grave problema de pérdida de bosques. Las principales amenazas ambientales se deben a una mala gestión del territorio que ocasionan la concentración de tierras, expansión agrícola, ganadería, minería de oro y la explotación económica descontrolada. El presente estudio analiza la dinámica de pérdida de bosques y los cambios de uso de suelo entre 1999-2018. Para la cuantificación de la pérdida de bosque se utilizaron técnicas de sensoramiento remoto, imágenes Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) y 8 Operational Land Imagery (OLI). Las imágenes fueron procesadas utilizando una clasificación supervisada denominada Neural Net. La metodología incluye procedimientos de validación utilizando puntos de verificación de campo e imágenes de teledetección de media y alta resolución de diferentes sensores (SPOT-5, PlanetScope, WorldView y Drone). Los resultados mostraron una pérdida de bosque durante 1999-2018 de 1698.63 km2 , con una tasa anual de -0.21% y una pérdida promedio de 59.28 km2 /año. Para los cambios de bosques a otros usos de la tierra, encontramos la conversión 841.41 km2 durante 2014-2018. Nuestros resultados indican que la agricultura es la mayor responsable del avance de la deforestación (72.90%), mientras que la minería de oro tiene una mayor incidencia en los sectores focalizados.

scholarly journals Natural Regeneration After Gold Mining in the Peruvian Amazon: Implications for Restoration of Tropical Forests

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Chambi-Legoas ◽  
Daigard Ricardo Ortega Rodriguez ◽  
Francisco de Marques de Figueiredo ◽  
Joel Peña Valdeiglesias ◽  
Percy Amílcar Zevallos Pollito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Regeneration Process ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Secondary Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Madre De Dios

Context: Gold mining is the most destructive activity in the natural forests of the Madre de Dios region in the southeastern Peruvian Amazon. Understanding the natural regeneration process of these degraded areas is necessary to develop forest restoration projects in such conditions.Aims: We aimed to evaluate forest recovery and identify the successional and structure patterns of vegetation governing natural regeneration over time.Methods: Structure, composition, richness, diversity, and successional status were evaluated in abandoned artisanal gold mine areas in Madre de Dios, southeastern Peru. Vegetation data were recorded in 61 plots of 250 m2 established in five sites varying from 1 to 19 years of abandonment. Vegetation in abandoned areas was compared with six undisturbed forests evaluated in previous inventories.Results: In the mining lands, tree density and basal area recovered quickly, while species richness and composition were slow. Forest recovery is an initial stage of transition from pioneer to early secondary species until at least 19 years after abandonment. The most abundant and frequent species were the fast-growing species Ochroma pyramidale and Cecropia engleriana. These species could be considered potential candidates to promote restoration plans. Pioneer species represented 63% of the number of species in plots of 1–4 years, 57% in plots of 5–7 years, and 50% in plots of 8–19 years. Early and late secondary species represented 34 and 16%, respectively, of the number of species in plots of 8–19 years. Abandoned mining and reference plots present less than 5% of species in common.Conclusion: Our results highlight a slow natural regeneration process in areas for up to 19 years after gold mining. Species from different successional statuses were identified as potential candidates for recovering vegetation in such areas. Our findings may have important implications for further research focusing on the ecological restoration in tropical forests severely degraded by gold mining.

scholarly journals Evolutionary history predicts the response of tree species to forest loss: A case study in peninsular Spain

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. e0204365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Molina-Venegas ◽  
Sonia Llorente-Culebras ◽  
Paloma Ruiz-Benito ◽  
Miguel A. Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Peninsular Spain

scholarly journals Exploratory Sampling of Spalting Fungi in the Southern Peruvian Amazon Forest

Challenges ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Sarath M. Vega Gutierrez ◽  
Javier F. Illescas Guevara ◽  
Claudia C. Andersen ◽  
Jose Koechlin von Stein ◽  
Seri C. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Wood Decomposition ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Madre De Dios

Most of the research related to Peruvian Amazon fungi is focused on edible mushrooms and pathogens. Other important fungi, such as the spalting type (decay fungi that pigment wood internally), are not broadly studied, as most of them do not produce fruiting bodies and can be difficult to locate. Spalting fungi, however, are of broad economic importance due to their ability to produce pigments that enhance wood aesthetics, resulting in an increased economic value. In order to begin understanding the diversity of spalting fungi within certain regions of the Amazon, a sampling of downed trees and branches (through the opening of the xylem to identify potential pigmenting and zone line producing fungi) was done in the district of Las Piedras, Madre de Dios, Peru. Fungi suspected of causing internal pigment and zone lines were collected, cultured, isolated, and sequenced. The species found belonged to the orders Helotiales, Xylariales, Hypocreales, Russulales, Polyporales, Botryosphaeriales and two specimens of the class Leotiomycetes. The fungi collected produced pigments or zone lines in wild conditions and all of them were capable of wood decomposition. Interestingly, these are the same orders and genera as North American spalting fungi, which may indicate a correlation within species that pigment wood. The results obtained start a specific database of spalted fungi in the Amazon and, with it, help support an effort to increase the forest value of ecosystems primarily used for a few high-valued tree species.

Interpolation Of Data Gaps Of SLC-Off Landsat ETM+ Images Using Algorithm Based On The Differential Operators

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghvendra Singh ◽  
P. Rama Chandra Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Partial Derivative ◽  
Differential Operators ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Thematic Mapper ◽  
Scientific Applications ◽  
Data Gaps ◽  
Landsat 7 ◽  
Good Technique ◽  
Scan Line

Abstract The scan-line corrector (SLC) of the Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) sensor failed in May 2003, and this abnormal functioning of SLC resulted in about 22% of the pixels per scene without being scanned. By filling the un-scanned gap by a good technique will help in more use of ETM+ data for many scientific applications. While there have been a number of approaches developed to fill in the data gaps in ETM+ imagery, each method has shortcomings, especially they require SLC-on (images acquired before SLC-off anomaly) imagery for the same location to fill the gaps in SLC-off (images acquired after SLC anomaly) image. To overcome such shortcomings this study proposes an alternative interpolation method based on the partial derivative. This case study shows that this technique is very much useful to interpolate the missing pixel values in the SLC-off ETM+ data.

Fracture mapping of lineaments and recognizing their tectonic significance using SPOT-5 satellite data: A case study from the Bajestan area, Lut Block, east of Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 600-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reyhaneh Ahmadirouhani ◽  
Behnam Rahimi ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Karimpour ◽  
Azadeh Malekzadeh Shafaroudi ◽  
Sadegh Afshar Najafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Lut Block ◽  
Tectonic Significance ◽  
East Of Iran ◽  
Fracture Mapping ◽  
Spot 5

Origins and genetic conservation of tropical trees in agroforestry systems: a case study from the Peruvian Amazon

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian K. Dawson ◽  
Peter M. Hollingsworth ◽  
Jeff J. Doyle ◽  
Steve Kresovich ◽  
John C. Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Trees ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Genetic Conservation ◽  
Peruvian Amazon
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