scholarly journals A Study on Morbidity Profile and Associated Risk Factors in a Rural Area of Dehradun

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaili Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated risk factors of Entamoeba histolytica, E. dispar and E. moshkovskii infection among Orang Asli communities in Slim River, Perak

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
Syazwan Saidin ◽  
Adibah Abu Bakar ◽  
Badrul Munir Mohd Zain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptom ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Orang Asli ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Histolytica Infection ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Entamoeba infection is still widespread in Malaysia’s rural area particularly among Orang Asli communities which usually associated with poverty and lack of sanitation. Due to scarce information on these Entamoeba infections in Slim River, Perak we conducted this study to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors towards this infection. A total of 55 stool samples from voluntary participants with and without symptoms of amoebiasis were collected and examined using PCR technique. PCR analysis showed 16.4% stool samples were detected positive for Entamoeba spp., discriminated as 7.3% that were positive for E. histolytica and 9.1% for E. dispar. No E. moshkovskii was detected at all. Factors such as indiscriminate defecation, improper sewage disposal and not washing hand after playing with soil or gardening showed significant association with E. histolytica infection; while gastrointestinal symptom such as vomiting was associated with E. dispar infection. In conclusion, the study reveals there is still an occurrence of Entamoeba spp. among Orang Asli communities in Slim River, Perak. This implies that good personal and hygiene practices should be enhanced through awareness strategy to control Entamoeba infections in Orang Asli communities in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Low Glomerular Filtration Rate (Low eGFR), Proteinuria and Associated Risk Factors in a Rural Area of Bangladesh using Cockcroft-Gault and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Equation: An Observational, Cross-sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
Mahmud Javed Hasan ◽  
Md Aminul Islam ◽  
ASM Ruhul Quddush ◽  
Amdadul Haque ◽  
Sultan Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mdrd Equation ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a global public health concern. The adverse outcomes of CKD are enormous in developing countries due to paucity of facilities for renal replacement therapy and high cost of services for management of ESRD. Chronic kidney disease and its risk factors are common in Bangladesh, however community-based data on the subject is lacking. The purpose of this study to estimate and compare the prevalence of low GFR, proteinuria and associated risk factors using Cockcroft-Gault (CG) and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation based on serum creatinine (SCr) in a rural area of Bangladesh. An observational cross-sectional study performed on patients aged 18 years or older living in the rural area of Mymensingh were randomly selected from the database of the health care system and who gave informed consent to participate in the study. Subjects with nonresidents, pregnant, cognitive dysfunction that interfered with understanding and answering the study questionnaire were excluded from the study. The sample size was calculated with a formula for cross-sectional study and to meet the following criteria: a confidence level of 95%, acceptable error 15% and expected prevalence of CKD 15.7%. Therefore a sample size of 920 was considered appropriate for the study. The study was carried out for a period of 16 months between March 2014 and June 2015. Renal impairment was defined as eGFR less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Thus stage 3, 4 and 5 of KDOQI were grouped as renal impairment. Renal function was estimated from serum creatinine using Cockcroft-Gault and MDRD (modification of diet in renal disease) equations. Data are presented as frequencies, percentages or mean ± standard deviation as appropriate. The Chi-square test was used for categorical variables and multivariate analyses was performed by binary logistic regression to identify the risk factors of CKD. All statistical tests were 2-sided. A p value lower than 0.05 was considered to be significant. All statistical analyses were done with SPSS Version 11.5 for Windows. Over half (51.7%) of the patients were male and rest 48.3% female with mean age 42.3 ± 13.2 years. Most (67.3%) of the patients were illiterate and only 22.8% engaged in salaried job. Over two-third (67.4%) of the patients were overweight and obese, 31.2% normal and very few (1.4%) underweight. The prevalence of low eGFR was 15.3% by Cockcroft-Gault and 15.9% by MDRD equation. The survey population had a 17% prevalence of proteinuria. Sex, illiterate, overweight & obese, obese by WC, hypertension, proteinuria, raised serum creatinine, diabetes mellitus, anaemia, family H/O CKD, low HDL cholesterol and raised total cholesterol were found to be the independent predictors of CKD. The prevalence of low eGFR in this rural population is common and an increase prevalence of proteinuria. The association between CKD and risk factors was also highly significant. There is an urgent need for more detailed measurement for these risk factors through a comprehensive survey to evaluate individuals with risk factors, to enable earlier detection and risk factor reduction through rising of awareness. CBMJ 2016 July: Vol. 05 No. 02 P: 04-13

Temporal changes in the prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose and its associated risk factors in the rural area of Baluchistan

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Basit ◽  
S. Faraz Danish Alvi ◽  
Asher Fawwad ◽  
Khursheed Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Yakoob Ahmedani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Bone mineral density and associated risk factors: in healthy Indian population

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Waghdhare ◽  
Neelam Kaushal ◽  
Rajinder K Jalali ◽  
Divya Vohora ◽  
Sujeet Jha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Associated Risk Factors
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